SSA-784472: Vulnerabilities in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP V1.1.1

CVE-2025-38250. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_core: Fix use-after-free in vhci_flush() syzbot reported use-after-free in vhci_flush() without repro. [0] From the splat, a thread close()d a vhci file descriptor while its device was being used by iotcl() on another thread. Once the last fd refcnt is released, vhci_release() calls hci_unregister_dev(), hci_free_dev(), and kfree() for struct vhci_data, which is set to hci_dev->dev->driver_data. The problem is that there is no synchronisation after unlinking hdev from hci_dev_list in hci_unregister_dev(). There might be another thread still accessing the hdev which was fetched before the unlink operation. We can use SRCU for such synchronisation. Let's run hci_dev_reset() under SRCU and wait for its completion in hci_unregister_dev(). Another option would be to restore hci_dev->destruct(), which was removed in commit 587ae086f6e4 ("Bluetooth: Remove unused hci-destruct cb"). However, this would not be a good solution, as we should not run hci_unregister_dev() while there are in-flight ioctl() requests, which could lead to another data-race KCSAN splat. Note that other drivers seem to have the same problem, for exmaple, virtbt_remove(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_queue_empty_lockless include/linux/skbuff.h:1891 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_queue_purge_reason+0x99/0x360 net/core/skbuff.c:3937 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88807cb8d858 by task syz.1.219/6718 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6718 Comm: syz.1.219 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1-syzkaller-00196-g08207f42d3ff #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:408 [inline] print_report+0xd2/0x2b0 mm/kasan/report.c:521 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:634 skb_queue_empty_lockless include/linux/skbuff.h:1891 [inline] skb_queue_purge_reason+0x99/0x360 net/core/skbuff.c:3937 skb_queue_purge include/linux/skbuff.h:3368 [inline] vhci_flush+0x44/0x50 drivers/bluetooth/hci_vhci.c:69 hci_dev_do_reset net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:552 [inline] hci_dev_reset+0x420/0x5c0 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:592 sock_do_ioctl+0xd9/0x300 net/socket.c:1190 sock_ioctl+0x576/0x790 net/socket.c:1311 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:907 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xf9/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:893 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fcf5b98e929 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fcf5c7b9038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fcf5bbb6160 RCX: 00007fcf5b98e929 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000400448cb RDI: 0000000000000009 RBP: 00007fcf5ba10b39 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007fcf5bbb6160 R15: 00007ffd6353d528 </TASK> Allocated by task 6535: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x93/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x230/0x3d0 mm/slub.c:4359 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:905 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1039 [inline] vhci_open+0x57/0x360 drivers/bluetooth/hci_vhci.c:635 misc_open+0x2bc/0x330 drivers/char/misc.c:161 chrdev_open+0x4c9/0x5e0 fs/char_dev.c:414 do_dentry_open+0xdf0/0x1970 fs/open.c:964 vfs_open+0x3b/0x340 fs/open.c:1094 do_open fs/namei.c:3887 [inline] path_openat+0x2ee5/0x3830 fs/name ---truncated---

CVE-2026-53149. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thunderbolt: Bound root directory content to block size __tb_property_parse_dir() does not check that content_offset + content_len fits within block_len for the root directory case. When rootdir->length equals or exceeds block_len - 2, the entry loop reads past the allocated property block. Add a bounds check after computing content_offset and content_len to reject directories whose content extends past the block.

CVE-2026-53131. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: require Ethernet MAC header before using eth_hdr() `ip6t_eui64`, `xt_mac`, the `bitmap:ip,mac`, `hash:ip,mac`, and `hash:mac` ipset types, and `nf_log_syslog` access `eth_hdr(skb)` after either assuming that the skb is associated with an Ethernet device or checking only that the `ETH_HLEN` bytes at `skb_mac_header(skb)` lie between `skb->head` and `skb->data`. Make these paths first verify that the skb is associated with an Ethernet device, that the MAC header was set, and that it spans at least a full Ethernet header before accessing `eth_hdr(skb)`.

CVE-2026-53362. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: account for fraggap on the paged allocation path In __ip6_append_data(), when the paged-allocation branch is taken (MSG_MORE / NETIF_F_SG / large fraglen), alloclen and pagedlen are computed as alloclen = fragheaderlen + transhdrlen; pagedlen = datalen - transhdrlen; datalen already includes fraggap (datalen = length + fraggap). When fraggap is non-zero, this is not the first skb and transhdrlen is zero. The fraggap bytes carried over from the previous skb are copied just past the fragment headers in the new skb's linear area. The linear area is therefore undersized by fraggap bytes while pagedlen is overstated by the same amount, and the copy writes past skb->end into the trailing skb_shared_info. An unprivileged user can trigger this via a UDPv6 socket using MSG_MORE together with MSG_SPLICE_PAGES. The bad accounting was introduced by commit 773ba4fe9104 ("ipv6: avoid partial copy for zc"). Before commit ce650a166335 ("udp6: Fix __ip6_append_data()'s handling of MSG_SPLICE_PAGES"), the negative copy value caused -EINVAL to be returned. That later commit allowed MSG_SPLICE_PAGES to proceed in this case, making the corruption triggerable. The non-paged branch sets alloclen to fraglen, which already accounts for fraggap because datalen does. Bring the paged branch in line by adding fraggap to alloclen and subtracting it from pagedlen. After this adjustment, copy no longer collapses to -fraggap on the paged path, so remove the stale comment describing that old arithmetic. Since a negative copy is no longer expected for a valid MSG_SPLICE_PAGES case, remove the MSG_SPLICE_PAGES exception from the negative copy check.

CVE-2026-53148. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thunderbolt: Clamp XDomain response data copy to allocation size tb_xdp_properties_request() derives the per-packet copy length from the response header without checking that it fits in the previously allocated data buffer. A malicious peer can set its length field larger than the declared data_length, causing memcpy to write past the kcalloc allocation. Clamp the per-packet copy length so that the cumulative offset never exceeds data_len.

CVE-2026-64560. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: posix-cpu-timers: Prevent UAF caused by non-leader exec() race Wongi and Jungwoo decoded and reported a non-leader exec() related race which can result in an UAF: sys_timer_delete() exec() posix_cpu_timer_del() // Observes old leader p = pid_task(pid, pid_type); de_thread() switch_leader(); release_task(old_leader) __exit_signal(old_leader) sighand = lock(old_leader, sighand); posix_cpu_timers*_exit(); sighand = lock_task_sighand(p) unhash_task(old_leader); sh = lock(p, sighand) old_leader->sighand = NULL; unlock(sighand); (p->sighand == NULL) unlock(sh) return NULL; // Returns without action if(!sighand) return 0; free_posix_timer(); This is "harmless" unless the deleted timer was armed and enqueued in p->signal because on exec() a TGID targeted timer is inherited. As sys_timer_delete() freed the underlying posix timer object run_posix_cpu_timers() or any timerqueue related add/delete operations on other timers will access the freed object's timerqueue node, which results in an UAF. There is a similar problem vs. posix_cpu_timer_set(). For regular posix timers it just transiently returns -ESRCH to user space, but for the use case in do_cpu_nanosleep() it's the same UAF just that the k_itimer is allocated on the stack. Also posix_cpu_timer_rearm() fails to rearm the timer, which means it stops to expire. While debating solutions Frederic pointed out another problem: posix_cpu_timer_del(tmr) __exit_signal(p) posix_cpu_timers*_exit(p); unhash_task(p); p->sighand = NULL; sh = lock_task_sighand(p) sighand = p->sighand; if (!sighand) return NULL; lock(sighand); if (!sh) WARN_ON_ONCE(timer_queued(tmr)); On weakly ordered architectures it is not guaranteed that posix_cpu_timer_del() will observe the stores in posix_cpu_timers*_exit() when p->sighand is observed as NULL, which means the WARN() can be a false positive. Solve these issues by: 1) Changing the store in __exit_signal() to smp_store_release(). 2) Adding a smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep() into the !sighand path of lock_task_sighand(). 3) Creating a helper function for looking up the task and locking sighand which does not return when sighand == NULL. Instead it retries the task lookup and only if that fails it gives up. 4) Using that helper in the three affected functions. #1/#2 ensures that the reader side which observes sighand == NULL also observes all preceeding stores, i.e. the stores in posix_cpu_timers*_exit() and the ones in unhash_task(). #3 ensures that the above described non-leader exec() situation is handled gracefully. When the task lookup returns the old leader, but sighand == NULL then it retries. In the non-leader exec() case the subsequent task lookup will observe the new leader due to #1/#2. In normal exit() scenarios the subsequent lookup fails. When the task lookup fails, the function also checks whether the timer is still enqueued and issues a warning if that's the case. Unfortunately there is nothing which can be done about it, but as the task is already not longer visible the timer should not be accessed anymore. This check also requires memory ordering, which is not provided when the first lookup fails. To achieve that the check is preceeded by a smp_rmb() which pairs with the smp_wmb() in write_seqlock() in __exit_signal(). That ensures that the stores in posix_cpu_timers*_exit() are visible. The history of the non-leader exec() issue goes back to the early days of posix CPU timers, which stored a pointer to the group leader task in the timer. That obviously fails when a non-leader exec() switches the leader. commit e0a70217107e ("posix-cpu-timers: workaround to suppress the problems with mt exec") added a temporary workaround for that in 2010 which surv ---truncated---

CVE-2026-53264. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_api: use RCU with deferred freeing for action lifecycle When NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER are run concurrently it is possible to create a race with an associated action. Let's illustrate with CPU0 running NEWTFILTER and CPU1 running DELFILTER: 0: mutex_lock() <-- holds the idr lock 0: rcu_read_lock() 0: p = idr_find(idr, index) <-- action p is valid (RCU protects IDR) 0: mutex_unlock() <-- releases the idr lock 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held 1: idr_remove(idr, index) <-- Action removed from IDR 1: mutex_unlock() <-- mutex released allowing us to delete the action 1: tcf_action_cleanup(p); kfree(p) <-- Kfrees p immediately, no deferral 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- ouch, UAF p points to freed memory This patch fixes the race condition between NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER by adding struct rcu_head to tc_action used in the deferral and introducing a call_rcu() in the delete path to defer the final kfree(). Note: this is a revert of commit d7fb60b9cafb ("net_sched: get rid of tcfa_rcu") but also modernization/simplification to directly use kfree_rcu(). Let's illustrate the new restored code path: 0: rcu_read_lock() 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held 1: idr_remove(idr, index) 1: mutex_unlock() 1: call_rcu(&p->tcfa_rcu, tcf_action_rcu_free) <-- defer kfree after grace period 0: p = idr_find(idr, index) 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- fails, refcnt already 0 1: rcu_read_unlock() <-- release so freeing can run after grace period After CPU1 calls idr_remove(), the object is no longer reachable through the IDR. CPU0's subsequent idr_find() will return NULL, and even if it still held a stale pointer, the immediate kfree() is now deferred until after the RCU grace period, so no UAF can occur.

CVE-2026-53146. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thunderbolt: Limit XDomain response copy to actual frame size tb_xdomain_copy() copies req->response_size bytes from the received packet buffer regardless of the actual frame size. When a short response arrives, this reads past the valid frame data in the DMA pool buffer into stale contents from previous transactions. Use the minimum of frame size and expected response size for the copy length.

CVE-2026-52946. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/fcntl: fix SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order in fasync signaling A SOFTIRQ-safe to SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order deadlock can occur in send_sigio() and send_sigurg() when a process group receives a signal. When FASYNC is configured for a process group (PIDTYPE_PGID), both functions use read_lock(&tasklist_lock) to traverse the task list. However, they are frequently called from softirq context: - send_sigio() via input_inject_event -> kill_fasync - send_sigurg() via tcp_check_urg -> sk_send_sigurg (NET_RX_SOFTIRQ) The deadlock is caused by the rwlock writer fairness mechanism: 1. CPU 0 (process context) holds read_lock(&tasklist_lock) in do_wait(). 2. CPU 1 (process context) attempts write_lock(&tasklist_lock) in fork() or exit() and spins, which blocks all new readers. 3. CPU 0 is interrupted by a softirq (e.g., TCP URG packet reception). 4. The softirq calls send_sigurg() and attempts to acquire read_lock(&tasklist_lock), deadlocking because CPU 1 is waiting. Since PID hashing and do_each_pid_task() traversals are already RCU-protected, the read_lock on tasklist_lock is no longer strictly required for safe traversal. Fix this by replacing tasklist_lock with rcu_read_lock(), aligning the process group signaling path with the single-PID path. This also mitigates a potential remote denial of service vector via TCP URG packets. Lockdep splat: ===================================================== WARNING: SOFTIRQ-safe -> SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order detected [...] Chain exists of: &dev->event_lock --> &f_owner->lock --> tasklist_lock Possible interrupt unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 CPU1 ---- ---- lock(tasklist_lock); local_irq_disable(); lock(&dev->event_lock); lock(&f_owner->lock); <Interrupt> lock(&dev->event_lock); *** DEADLOCK ***

CVE-2026-53325. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: agp/amd64: Fix broken error propagation in agp_amd64_probe() A NULL pointer dereference was observed in the AMD64 AGP driver when running in a virtualized environment (e.g. qemu/kvm) without a physical AMD northbridge. The crash occurs in amd64_fetch_size() when attempting to dereference the pointer returned by node_to_amd_nb(0). The root cause of this crash is broken error propagation in agp_amd64_probe(): When no AMD northbridges are found, cache_nbs() correctly returns -ENODEV. However, the probe function erroneously checks the return value against exactly -1, rather than < 0. As a result, the hardware absence error is masked, allowing the driver to improperly proceed with initialization. It eventually calls agp_add_bridge(), which invokes amd64_fetch_size(). Since the hardware does not exist, node_to_amd_nb(0) returns NULL, leading to a General Protection Fault (GPF) when accessing its ->misc member. Fix the issue by correcting the error check in agp_amd64_probe() to abort properly when cache_nbs() returns any negative error code. This prevents the driver from erroneously proceeding without hardware, thereby avoiding the subsequent NULL pointer dereference at its source.

CVE-2026-52918. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: serialize accept_q access bt_sock_poll() walks the accept queue without synchronization, while child teardown can unlink the same socket and drop its last reference. The unsynchronized accept queue walk has existed since the initial Bluetooth import. Protect accept_q with a dedicated lock for queue updates and polling. Also rework bt_accept_dequeue() to take temporary child references under the queue lock before dropping it and locking the child socket.

CVE-2026-53177. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bnxt_en: Fix NULL pointer dereference PCIe errors detected by a Root Port or Downstream Port cause error recovery services to run on all subordinate devices regardless of administrative state. The .error_detected() callback, bnxt_io_error_detected(), disables and synchronizes IRQs via bnxt_disable_int_sync(), which calls bnxt_cp_num_to_irq_num() to map completion rings to IRQs using bp->bnapi. Since bp->bnapi is allocated on NIC open and freed on NIC close, PCIe error recovery on a closed NIC can dereference a NULL pointer. Check if bp->bnapi is NULL before disabling and synchronizing IRQs.

CVE-2026-53227. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: openvswitch: fix possible kfree_skb of ERR_PTR After the patch in the "Fixes" tag, the allocation of the "reply" skb can happen either before or after locking the ovs_mutex. However, error cleanups still follow the classical reversed order, assuming "reply" is allocated before locking: it is freed after unlocking. If "reply" allocation happens after locking the mutex and it fails, "reply" is left with an ERR_PTR, and execution jumps to the correspondent cleanup stage which will try to free an invalid pointer. Fix this by setting the pointer to NULL after having saved its error value.

CVE-2026-46307. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ath5k: do not access array OOB Vincent reports: > The ath5k driver seems to do an array-index-out-of-bounds access as > shown by the UBSAN kernel message: > UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath5k/base.c:1741:20 > index 4 is out of range for type 'ieee80211_tx_rate [4]' > ... > Call Trace: > <TASK> > dump_stack_lvl+0x5d/0x80 > ubsan_epilogue+0x5/0x2b > __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds.cold+0x46/0x4b > ath5k_tasklet_tx+0x4e0/0x560 [ath5k] > tasklet_action_common+0xb5/0x1c0 It is real. 'ts->ts_final_idx' can be 3 on 5212, so: info->status.rates[ts->ts_final_idx + 1].idx = -1; with the array defined as: struct ieee80211_tx_rate rates[IEEE80211_TX_MAX_RATES]; while the size is: #define IEEE80211_TX_MAX_RATES 4 is indeed bogus. Set this 'idx = -1' sentinel only if the array index is less than the array size. As mac80211 will not look at rates beyond the size (IEEE80211_TX_MAX_RATES). Note: The effect of the OOB write is negligible. It just overwrites the next member of info->status, i.e. ack_signal.

CVE-2026-53212. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_tunnel: fix use-after-free on object destroy nft_tunnel_obj_destroy() calls metadata_dst_free() which directly kfree()s the metadata_dst, ignoring the dst_entry refcount. Packets that took a reference via dst_hold() in nft_tunnel_obj_eval() and are still queued (e.g. in a netem qdisc) are left with a dangling pointer. When these packets are eventually dequeued, dst_release() operates on freed memory. Replace metadata_dst_free() with dst_release() so the metadata_dst is freed only after all references are dropped. The dst subsystem already handles metadata_dst cleanup in dst_destroy() when DST_METADATA is set.

CVE-2026-53242. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: PCM: Fix wait queue list corruption in snd_pcm_drain() on linked streams snd_pcm_drain() uses init_waitqueue_entry which does not clear entry.prev/next, and add_wait_queue with a conditional remove_wait_queue that is skipped when to_check is no longer in the group after concurrent UNLINK. The orphaned wait entry remains on the unlinked substream sleep queue. On the next drain iteration, add_wait_queue adds the entry to a new queue while still linked on the old one, corrupting both lists. A subsequent wake_up dereferences NULL at the func pointer (mapped from the spinlock at offset 0 of the misinterpreted wait_queue_head_t), causing a kernel panic. Replace init_waitqueue_entry/add_wait_queue/conditional remove_wait_queue with init_wait_entry/prepare_to_wait/ finish_wait. init_wait_entry clears prev/next via INIT_LIST_HEAD on each iteration and sets autoremove_wake_function which auto-removes the entry on wake-up. finish_wait safely handles both the already-removed and still-queued cases.

CVE-2026-46306. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: flow_dissector: do not dissect PPPoE PFC frames RFC 2516 Section 7 states that Protocol Field Compression (PFC) is NOT RECOMMENDED for PPPoE. In practice, pppd does not support negotiating PFC for PPPoE sessions, and the flow dissector driver has assumed an uncompressed frame until the blamed commit. During the review process of that commit [1], support for PFC is suggested. However, having a compressed (1-byte) protocol field means the subsequent PPP payload is shifted by one byte, causing 4-byte misalignment for the network header and an unaligned access exception on some architectures. The exception can be reproduced by sending a PPPoE PFC frame to an ethernet interface of a MIPS board, with RPS enabled, even if no PPPoE session is active on that interface: $ 0 : 00000000 80c40000 00000000 85144817 $ 4 : 00000008 00000100 80a75758 81dc9bb8 $ 8 : 00000010 8087ae2c 0000003d 00000000 $12 : 000000e0 00000039 00000000 00000000 $16 : 85043240 80a75758 81dc9bb8 00006488 $20 : 0000002f 00000007 85144810 80a70000 $24 : 81d1bda0 00000000 $28 : 81dc8000 81dc9aa8 00000000 805ead08 Hi : 00009d51 Lo : 2163358a epc : 805e91f0 __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 ra : 805ead08 __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c Status: 11000403 KERNEL EXL IE Cause : 40800010 (ExcCode 04) BadVA : 85144817 PrId : 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) Call Trace: [<805e91f0>] __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 [<805ead08>] __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c [<805ef330>] get_rps_cpu+0x1b8/0x3fc [<805fca70>] netif_receive_skb_list_internal+0x324/0x364 [<805fd120>] napi_complete_done+0x68/0x2a4 [<8058de5c>] mtk_napi_rx+0x228/0xfec [<805fd398>] __napi_poll+0x3c/0x1c4 [<805fd754>] napi_threaded_poll_loop+0x234/0x29c [<805fd848>] napi_threaded_poll+0x8c/0xb0 [<80053544>] kthread+0x104/0x12c [<80002bd8>] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c Code: 02d51821 1060045b 00000000 <8c640000> 3084000f 2c820005 144001a2 00042080 8e220000 To reduce the attack surface and maintain performance, do not process PPPoE PFC frames. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

CVE-2026-53256. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: RFCOMM: hold listener socket in rfcomm_connect_ind() rfcomm_get_sock_by_channel() scans rfcomm_sk_list under the list lock, but returns the selected listener after dropping that lock without taking a reference. rfcomm_connect_ind() then locks the listener, queues a child socket on it, and may notify it after unlocking it. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: rfcomm_connect_ind(): listener close: 1. Find parent in 1. close() enters rfcomm_get_sock_by_channel() rfcomm_sock_release(). 2. Drop rfcomm_sk_list.lock 2. rfcomm_sock_shutdown() without pinning parent. closes the listener. 3. Call lock_sock(parent) and 3. rfcomm_sock_kill() bt_accept_enqueue(parent, unlinks and puts parent. sk, true). 4. Read parent flags and may 4. parent can be freed. call sk_state_change(). If close wins the race, parent can be freed before rfcomm_connect_ind() reaches lock_sock(), bt_accept_enqueue(), or the deferred-setup callback. Take a reference on the listener before leaving rfcomm_sk_list.lock. After lock_sock() succeeds, recheck that it is still in BT_LISTEN before queueing a child, cache the deferred-setup bit while the parent is locked, and drop the reference after the last parent use. KASAN reported a slab-use-after-free in lock_sock_nested() from rfcomm_connect_ind(), with the freeing stack going through rfcomm_sock_kill() and rfcomm_sock_release().

CVE-2026-46209. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/gem: Fix inconsistent plane dimension calculation in drm_gem_fb_init_with_funcs() drm_gem_fb_init_with_funcs() computes sub-sampled plane dimensions using plain integer division: unsigned int width = mode_cmd->width / (i ? info->hsub : 1); unsigned int height = mode_cmd->height / (i ? info->vsub : 1); However, the ioctl-level framebuffer_check() in drm_framebuffer.c uses drm_format_info_plane_width/height() which round up dimensions via DIV_ROUND_UP(). This inconsistency corrupts the subsequent GEM object size check for certain pixel format and dimension combinations. For example, with NV12 (vsub=2) and a 1-pixel-tall framebuffer the GEM size validation path sees height=0 instead of height=1. The expression (height - 1) then wraps to UINT_MAX as an unsigned int, causing min_size to overflow and wrap back to a small value. A tiny GEM object therefore passes the size guard, yet when the GPU accesses the chroma plane it will read or write memory beyond the object's bounds. Fix by replacing the open-coded divisions with drm_format_info_plane_width() and drm_format_info_plane_height(), which use DIV_ROUND_UP() and match the calculation already used in framebuffer_check().

CVE-2026-53184. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udp: clear skb->dev before running a sockmap verdict On the UDP receive path skb->dev is repurposed as dev_scratch (the truesize/state cache set by udp_set_dev_scratch()), through the union { struct net_device *dev; unsigned long dev_scratch; } in sk_buff. When a UDP socket is in a sockmap, sk_data_ready is sk_psock_verdict_data_ready(), which calls udp_read_skb() -> recv_actor() (sk_psock_verdict_recv) to run the attached SK_SKB verdict program in softirq. If that program calls a socket-lookup helper (bpf_sk_lookup_tcp/udp, bpf_skc_lookup_tcp), bpf_skc_lookup() does: if (skb->dev) caller_net = dev_net(skb->dev); skb->dev still holds the dev_scratch value (a non-NULL integer), so dev_net() dereferences it as a struct net_device * and the kernel takes a general protection fault on a non-canonical address in softirq: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x1010000800004a0 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1406 Comm: syz.2.19 Not tainted 7.1.0-rc6 #1 PREEMPT(full) RIP: 0010:bpf_skc_lookup net/core/filter.c:7033 [inline] RIP: 0010:bpf_sk_lookup+0x45/0x160 net/core/filter.c:7047 Call Trace: <IRQ> bpf_prog_4675cb904b7071f8+0x12e/0x14e bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu+0xc6/0x1f0 sk_psock_verdict_recv+0x1ba/0x350 udp_read_skb+0x31a/0x370 sk_psock_verdict_data_ready+0x2e3/0x600 __udp_enqueue_schedule_skb+0x4c8/0x650 udpv6_queue_rcv_one_skb+0x3ec/0x740 udp6_unicast_rcv_skb+0x11d/0x140 ip6_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x61e/0x950 ip6_input_finish+0xa9/0x150 NF_HOOK+0x286/0x2f0 ip6_input+0x117/0x220 NF_HOOK+0x286/0x2f0 __netif_receive_skb+0x85/0x200 process_backlog+0x374/0x9a0 __napi_poll+0x4f/0x1c0 net_rx_action+0x3b0/0x770 handle_softirqs+0x15a/0x460 do_softirq+0x57/0x80 </IRQ> The rmem charge that dev_scratch accounted for is released by skb_recv_udp() on dequeue, just above, so the scratch is dead by the time recv_actor() runs. Clear skb->dev so bpf_skc_lookup() falls back to sock_net(skb->sk), which skb_set_owner_sk_safe() set just above.

CVE-2026-53192. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: timer: Fix UAF at snd_timer_user_params() At releasing a timer object, e.g. when a userspace timer (CONFIG_SND_UTIMER) gets closed and snd_timer_free() is called, it tries to detach the timer instances and release the resources. However, it's still possible that other in-flight tasks are holding the timer instance where the to-be-deleted timer object is associated, and this may lead to racy accesses. Fortunately, most of ioctls dealing with the timer instance list already have the protection with register_mutex, and this also avoids such races. But, SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_PARAMS isn't protected, hence the concurrent ioctl may lead to use-after-free. This patch just adds the guard with register_mutex to protect snd_timer_user_params() for covering the code path as a quick workaround. It's no hot-path but rather a rarely issued ioctl, so the performance penalty doesn't matter.

CVE-2026-46323. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: gro: don't merge zcopy skbs skb_gro_receive() can currently copy frags between the source and GRO skb, without checking the zerocopy status, and in particular the SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS flag. When SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS is set, the skb doesn't hold a reference on the pages in shinfo->frags. Appending those frags to another skb's frags without fixing up the page refcount can lead to UAF. When either the last skb in the GRO chain (the one we would append frags to) or the source skb is zerocopy, don't merge the skbs.

CVE-2026-52923. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipc: limit next_id allocation to the valid ID range The checkpoint/restore sysctl path can request the next SysV IPC id through ids->next_id. ipc_idr_alloc() currently forwards that request to idr_alloc() with an open-ended upper bound. If the valid tail of the SysV IPC id space is full, the allocation can spill beyond ipc_mni. The returned SysV IPC id still uses the normal index encoding, so later lookup and removal can target the wrong slot. This leaves the real IDR entry behind and breaks the IDR state for the object. The bug is in ipc_idr_alloc() in the checkpoint/restore path. 1. ids->next_id is passed to: idr_alloc(&ids->ipcs_idr, new, ipcid_to_idx(next_id), 0, ...) 2. The zero upper bound makes the allocation effectively open-ended. Once the valid SysV IPC tail is occupied, idr_alloc() can spill past ipc_mni and allocate an entry beyond the valid IPC id range. 3. The new object id is still encoded with the narrower SysV IPC index width: new->id = (new->seq << ipcmni_seq_shift()) + idx 4. Later removal goes through ipc_rmid(), which uses: ipcid_to_idx(ipcp->id) That truncates the real IDR index. An object actually stored at a high index can then be removed as if it lived at a low in-range index. 5. For shared memory, shm_destroy() frees the current object anyway, but the real high IDR slot is left behind as a dangling pointer. 6. A subsequent walk of /proc/sysvipc/shm reaches the stale IDR entry and dereferences freed memory. Prevent this by bounding the requested allocation to ipc_mni so the checkpoint/restore path fails once the valid range is exhausted.

CVE-2026-52928. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: af_unix: Reject SIOCATMARK on non-stream sockets SIOCATMARK reports whether the receive queue is at the urgent mark for MSG_OOB. In AF_UNIX, MSG_OOB is supported only for SOCK_STREAM sockets. SOCK_DGRAM and SOCK_SEQPACKET reject MSG_OOB in sendmsg() and recvmsg(), so they should not support SIOCATMARK either. Return -EOPNOTSUPP for non-stream sockets before checking the receive queue.

CVE-2026-46196. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracepoint: balance regfunc() on func_add() failure in tracepoint_add_func() When a tracepoint goes through the 0 -> 1 transition, tracepoint_add_func() invokes the subsystem's ext->regfunc() before attempting to install the new probe via func_add(). If func_add() then fails (for example, when allocate_probes() cannot allocate a new probe array under memory pressure and returns -ENOMEM), the function returns the error without calling the matching ext->unregfunc(), leaving the side effects of regfunc() behind with no installed probe to justify them. For syscall tracepoints this is particularly unpleasant: syscall_regfunc() bumps sys_tracepoint_refcount and sets SYSCALL_TRACEPOINT on every task. After a leaked failure, the refcount is stuck at a non-zero value with no consumer, and every task continues paying the syscall trace entry/exit overhead until reboot. Other subsystems providing regfunc()/unregfunc() pairs exhibit similarly scoped persistent state. Mirror the existing 1 -> 0 cleanup and call ext->unregfunc() in the func_add() error path, gated on the same condition used there so the unwind is symmetric with the registration.

CVE-2026-53219. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: x_tables: avoid leaking percpu counter pointers The native and compat get-entries paths copy the fixed rule entry header from the kernelized rule blob to userspace before overwriting the entry's counter fields with a sanitized counter snapshot. On SMP kernels, entry->counters.pcnt contains the percpu allocation address used by x_tables rule counters. A caller can provide a userspace buffer that faults during the initial fixed-header copy after pcnt has been copied but before the later sanitized counter copy runs. The syscall then returns -EFAULT while leaving the raw percpu pointer in userspace. Copy only the fixed entry prefix before counters from the kernelized rule blob, then copy the sanitized counter snapshot into the counter field. Apply this ordering to the IPv4, IPv6, and ARP native and compat get-entries implementations so a fault cannot expose the internal percpu counter pointer.

CVE-2026-53150. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thunderbolt: Reject zero-length property entries in validator tb_property_entry_valid() accepts entries with length == 0 for DIRECTORY, DATA, and TEXT types. A zero-length TEXT entry passes validation but causes an underflow in the null-termination logic: property->value.text[property->length * 4 - 1] = '\0'; When property->length is 0 this writes to offset -1 relative to the allocation. Reject zero-length entries early in the validator since they have no valid representation in the XDomain property protocol.

CVE-2026-53358. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: use chan timer to close channels in cleanup_listen() l2cap_chan_close() removes the channel from conn->chan_l, which must be done under conn->lock. cleanup_listen() runs under the parent sk_lock, so acquiring conn->lock would invert the established conn->lock -> chan->lock -> sk_lock order. Instead of calling l2cap_chan_close() directly, schedule l2cap_chan_timeout with delay 0 to close the channel asynchronously. The timeout handler already acquires conn->lock and chan->lock in the correct order. The timer is only armed when chan->conn is still set: if it is already NULL, l2cap_conn_del() has already processed this channel (l2cap_chan_del + l2cap_sock_teardown_cb + l2cap_sock_close_cb), so there is nothing left to do. If l2cap_conn_del() races in after the timer is armed, __clear_chan_timer() inside l2cap_chan_del() cancels it; if the timer has already fired, the handler returns harmlessly because chan->conn was cleared.

CVE-2026-53167. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: limit FUSE_NOTIFY_RETRIEVE to uptodate folios FUSE_NOTIFY_RETRIEVE must be limited to uptodate folios; !uptodate folios can contain uninitialized data. Since FUSE_NOTIFY_RETRIEVE is intended to only return data that is already in the page cache and not wait for data from the FUSE daemon, treat !uptodate folios as if they weren't present. This only has security impact on systems that don't enable automatic zero-initialization of all page allocations via CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON or init_on_alloc=1.

CVE-2026-53337. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: bonding: fix NULL pointer dereference in bond_do_ioctl() In bond_do_ioctl(), slave_dev is obtained via __dev_get_by_name() which can return NULL if the requested interface name does not exist. However, the subsequent slave_dbg() call is placed before the NULL check: slave_dev = __dev_get_by_name(net, ifr->ifr_slave); slave_dbg(bond_dev, slave_dev, "slave_dev=%p:\n", slave_dev); //here if (!slave_dev) return -ENODEV; The slave_dbg() macro expands to netdev_dbg(bond_dev, "(slave %s): " fmt, (slave_dev)->name, ...) which unconditionally dereferences slave_dev->name before the NULL check is performed. This results in a NULL pointer dereference kernel oops when a user calls bonding ioctl (e.g. SIOCBONDENSLAVE, SIOCBONDRELEASE, etc.) with a non-existent slave interface name. This is reachable from userspace via the bonding ioctl interface with CAP_NET_ADMIN capability, making it a potential local denial-of-service vector. Fix by moving the slave_dbg() call after the NULL check.

CVE-2026-46322. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tun: free page on build_skb failure in tun_xdp_one() When build_skb() fails in tun_xdp_one(), the function sets ret to -ENOMEM and jumps to the out label, which returns without freeing the page that vhost_net_build_xdp() allocated for the frame. As with the short-frame rejection path, tun_sendmsg() discards the per-buffer error and still returns total_len, so vhost_tx_batch() takes the success path and never frees the page. Each build_skb() failure in a batch leaks one page-frag chunk. Free the page before taking the error path, matching the put_page() the other error exits of tun_xdp_one() already perform.

CVE-2026-53147. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thunderbolt: Validate XDomain request packet size before type cast tb_xdp_handle_request() casts the received packet buffer to protocol-specific structs without verifying that the allocation is large enough for the target type. A peer can send a minimal XDomain packet that passes the generic header length check but is shorter than the struct accessed after the cast, causing out-of- bounds reads from the kmemdup allocation. Plumb the packet length through xdomain_request_work and validate it against the expected struct size before each cast.

CVE-2026-53198. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free of a deferred file_lock on double SMB2_CANCEL A deferred byte-range lock (an SMB2_LOCK that blocks) registers an async work on conn->async_requests via setup_async_work(), with cancel_fn = smb2_remove_blocked_lock and cancel_argv[0] pointing at the struct file_lock. When the request is cancelled, the worker frees the file_lock with locks_free_lock() and takes the cancelled early-exit, which "goto out"s and never reaches release_async_work() -- the only site that unlinks the work from conn->async_requests and clears cancel_fn/cancel_argv. The work therefore stays matchable on async_requests with a live cancel_fn pointing at the freed file_lock, until connection teardown finally runs release_async_work(). smb2_cancel() fires cancel_fn unconditionally with no state guard, so a second SMB2_CANCEL for the same AsyncId, arriving in that window, re-runs smb2_remove_blocked_lock() on the freed file_lock -- a slab use-after-free: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __locks_delete_block __locks_delete_block locks_delete_block ksmbd_vfs_posix_lock_unblock smb2_remove_blocked_lock smb2_cancel <- 2nd SMB2_CANCEL fires cancel_fn handle_ksmbd_work Allocated by ...: locks_alloc_lock <- smb2_lock Freed by ...: locks_free_lock <- smb2_lock (cancelled branch) ... cache file_lock_cache of size 192 Reproduced on mainline with KASAN by an authenticated SMB client. Skip a work whose state is already KSMBD_WORK_CANCELLED so its cancel callback cannot be fired a second time.

CVE-2026-53254. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: RFCOMM: validate skb length in MCC handlers The RFCOMM MCC handlers cast skb->data to protocol-specific structs without validating skb->len first. A malicious remote device can send truncated MCC frames and trigger out-of-bounds reads in these handlers. Fix this by using skb_pull_data() to validate and access the required data before dereferencing it. rfcomm_recv_rpn() requires special handling since ETSI TS 07.10 allows 1-byte RPN requests. Handle this by validating only the DLCI byte first, and validating the full struct only when len > 1.

CVE-2026-53168. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: reject fuse_notify() pagecache ops on directories The operations FUSE_NOTIFY_STORE and FUSE_NOTIFY_RETRIEVE allow the FUSE daemon to actively write/read pagecache contents. For directories with FOPEN_CACHE_DIR, the pagecache is used as kernel-internal cache storage, and userspace is not supposed to have direct access to this cache - in particular, fuse_parse_cache() will hit WARN_ON() if the cache contains bogus data. Reject FUSE_NOTIFY_STORE and FUSE_NOTIFY_RETRIEVE on anything other than regular files with -EINVAL.

CVE-2026-53263. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: 6lowpan: fix off-by-one in multicast context address compression The second memcpy in lowpan_iphc_mcast_ctx_addr_compress() uses &data[1] as destination and &ipaddr->s6_addr[11] as source, but both should be offset by one: &data[2] and &ipaddr->s6_addr[12] respectively. This off-by-one has two consequences: 1. data[1] is overwritten with s6_addr[11], corrupting the RIID field in the compressed multicast address 2. data[5] is never written, so uninitialized kernel stack memory is transmitted over the network via lowpan_push_hc_data(), leaking kernel stack contents The correct inline data layout must match what the decompression function lowpan_uncompress_multicast_ctx_daddr() expects: data[0..1] = s6_addr[1..2] (flags/scope + RIID) data[2..5] = s6_addr[12..15] (group ID) Also zero-initialize the data array as a defensive measure against similar bugs in the future.

CVE-2026-46331. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: fix pedit partial COW leading to page cache corruption tcf_pedit_act() computes the COW range for skb_ensure_writable() once before the key loop using tcfp_off_max_hint, but the hint does not account for the runtime header offset added by typed keys. This can leave part of the write region un-COW'd. Fix by moving skb_ensure_writable() inside the per-key loop where the actual write offset is known, and add overflow checking on the offset arithmetic. For negative offsets (e.g. Ethernet header edits at ingress), use skb_cow() to COW the headroom instead. Guard offset_valid() against INT_MIN, where negation is undefined.

CVE-2026-53265. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm cache policy smq: check allocation under invalidate lock commit 2d1f7b65f5de ("dm cache policy smq: fix missing locks in invalidating cache blocks") added mq->lock around the destructive part of smq_invalidate_mapping(), but left the e->allocated check outside the critical section. That leaves a check-then-act race. Two concurrent invalidators can both observe e->allocated as true before either of them takes mq->lock. The first invalidator that acquires the lock removes the entry from the queues and hash table and then calls free_entry(), which clears e->allocated and puts the entry back on the free list. The second invalidator can then acquire mq->lock and continue with the stale result of the unlocked check. This can corrupt the SMQ queues or hash table by deleting an entry that is no longer on those structures. It can also hit the allocation check in free_entry() when the same entry is freed again. Move the allocation check under mq->lock so the predicate and the destructive operations are serialized by the same lock.

CVE-2026-53218. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_exthdr: fix register tracking for F_PRESENT flag nft_exthdr_init() passes user-controlled priv->len to nft_parse_register_store(), which marks that many bytes in the register bitmap as initialized. However, when NFT_EXTHDR_F_PRESENT is set, the eval paths write only 1 byte (nft_reg_store8) or 4 bytes (*dest = 0 on TCP/DCCP error path). When len > 4, registers beyond the first are never written, retaining uninitialized stack data from nft_regs. Bail out if userspace requests too much data when F_PRESENT is set.

CVE-2026-46303. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: isofs: validate Rock Ridge CE continuation extent against volume size rock_continue() reads rs->cont_extent verbatim from the Rock Ridge CE record and passes it to sb_bread() without checking that the block number is within the mounted ISO 9660 volume. commit e595447e177b ("[PATCH] rock.c: handle corrupted directories") added cont_offset and cont_size rejection for the CE continuation but did not validate the extent block number itself. commit f54e18f1b831 ("isofs: Fix infinite looping over CE entries") later capped the CE chain length at RR_MAX_CE_ENTRIES = 32 but again left the block number unchecked. With a crafted ISO mounted via udisks2 (desktop optical auto-mount) or via CAP_SYS_ADMIN mount, rs->cont_extent can therefore point at an out-of-range block or at blocks belonging to an adjacent filesystem on the same block device. sb_bread() on an out-of-range block returns NULL cleanly via the block layer EIO path, so there is no memory-safety violation. For in-range reads of adjacent- filesystem data, the CE buffer is parsed as Rock Ridge records and only the text of SL sub-records reaches userspace through readlink(), which makes the info-leak channel narrow and difficult to exploit; still, rejecting the malformed CE outright matches the rejection shape already present in the same function for cont_offset and cont_size. Add an ISOFS_SB(sb)->s_nzones bounds check to rock_continue() next to the existing offset/size rejection, printing the same corrupted-directory-entry notice.

CVE-2026-52942. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_log: validate MAC header was set before dumping it The fallback path of dump_mac_header() guards the MAC header access only with "skb->mac_header != skb->network_header", without checking skb_mac_header_was_set(). When the MAC header is unset, mac_header is 0xffff, so the test passes and skb_mac_header(skb) returns skb->head + 0xffff, ~64 KiB past the buffer; the loop then reads dev->hard_header_len bytes out of bounds into the kernel log. This is reachable via the netdev logger: nf_log_unknown_packet() calls dump_mac_header() unconditionally, and an skb sent through AF_PACKET with PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS reaches the egress hook with mac_header still unset (__dev_queue_xmit(), which would reset it, is bypassed). Add the skb_mac_header_was_set() check the ARPHRD_ETHER path already uses, and replace the open-coded MAC header length test with skb_mac_header_len(). Only skbs with an unset MAC header are affected; valid ones are dumped as before. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in dump_mac_header (net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c:831) Read of size 1 at addr ffff88800ea49d3f by task exploit/148 Call Trace: kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) dump_mac_header (net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c:831) nf_log_netdev_packet (net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c:938 net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c:963) nf_log_packet (net/netfilter/nf_log.c:260) nft_log_eval (net/netfilter/nft_log.c:60) nft_do_chain (net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:285) nft_do_chain_netdev (net/netfilter/nft_chain_filter.c:307) nf_hook_slow (net/netfilter/core.c:619) nf_hook_direct_egress (net/packet/af_packet.c:257) packet_xmit (net/packet/af_packet.c:280) packet_sendmsg (net/packet/af_packet.c:3114) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2265)

CVE-2026-53356. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915/gem: Fix phys BO pread/pwrite with offset sg_page() returns struct page pointer not (void *) so the scaling of pread/pwrite is wrong for phys BO and wrong parts of BO would be accessed if non-zero offset is used. Last impacted platform with overlay or cursor planes using phys mapping was Gen3/945G/Lakeport. (cherry picked from commit 3e49a2f85070b2fb672c1e0fdba281a4ea3aebe6)

CVE-2026-52947. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: fix refcount saturation and potential UAF in qrtr_port_remove In qrtr_port_remove(), the socket reference count is decremented via __sock_put() before the port is removed from the qrtr_ports XArray and before the RCU grace period elapses. This breaks the fundamental RCU update paradigm. It exposes a race window where a concurrent RCU reader (such as qrtr_reset_ports() or qrtr_port_lookup()) can obtain a pointer to the socket from the XArray, and attempt to call sock_hold() on a socket whose reference count has already dropped to zero. This exact race condition was hit during syzkaller fuzzing, leading to the following refcount saturation warning and a potential Use-After-Free: refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 1273 at lib/refcount.c:22 refcount_warn_saturate+0xae/0x1d0 Modules linked in: qrtr(+) bochs drm_shmem_helper ... Call Trace: <TASK> qrtr_reset_ports net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:768 [inline] [qrtr] __qrtr_bind.isra.0+0x48b/0x570 net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:805 [qrtr] qrtr_bind+0x17d/0x210 net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:901 [qrtr] kernel_bind+0xe4/0x120 net/socket.c:3592 qrtr_ns_init+0x1a6/0x380 net/qrtr/ns.c:715 [qrtr] qrtr_proto_init+0x3b/0xff0 net/qrtr/af_qrtr.c:169 [qrtr] do_one_initcall+0xf5/0x5e0 init/main.c:1283 ... </TASK> Fix this by deferring the reference count decrement until after the xa_erase() and the synchronize_rcu() complete. (Note: The v1 of this patch incorrectly replaced __sock_put() with sock_put(). As Simon Horman pointed out, the callers of qrtr_port_remove() still hold a reference to the socket, so freeing the socket memory here would lead to a subsequent UAF in the caller. Thus, the __sock_put() is kept, but only repositioned to close the RCU race.)

CVE-2026-53268. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: conntrack_irc: fix possible out-of-bounds read When parsing fails after we've matched the command string we should bail out instead of trying to match a different command. This helper should be deprecated, given prevalence of TLS I doubt it has any relevance in 2026.

CVE-2026-46243. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: reject userspace cifs.spnego descriptions cifs.spnego key descriptions contain authority-bearing fields such as pid, uid, creduid, and upcall_target that cifs.upcall treats as kernel-originating inputs. However, userspace can also create keys of this type through request_key(2) or add_key(2), allowing those fields to be supplied without CIFS origin. Only accept cifs.spnego descriptions while CIFS is using its private spnego_cred to request the key.

CVE-2026-46234. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock: fix buffer size clamping order In vsock_update_buffer_size(), the buffer size was being clamped to the maximum first, and then to the minimum. If a user sets a minimum buffer size larger than the maximum, the minimum check overrides the maximum check, inverting the constraint. This breaks the intended socket memory boundaries by allowing the vsk->buffer_size to grow beyond the configured vsk->buffer_max_size. Fix this by checking the minimum first, and then the maximum. This ensures the buffer size never exceeds the buffer_max_size.

CVE-2026-53255. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: validate advertising TLV before type checks tlv_data_is_valid() reads each advertising data field length from data[i], then inspects data[i + 1] for managed EIR types before checking that the current field still fits inside the supplied buffer. A malformed field whose length byte is the last byte of the buffer can therefore make the parser read one byte past the advertising data. KASAN reported the following when a malformed MGMT_OP_ADD_ADVERTISING request reached that path: BUG: KASAN: vmalloc-out-of-bounds in tlv_data_is_valid() Read of size 1 Call trace: tlv_data_is_valid() add_advertising() hci_mgmt_cmd() hci_sock_sendmsg() Move the existing element-length check before any type-octet inspection so each non-empty element is proven to contain its type byte before the parser looks at data[i + 1].

CVE-2026-53253. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: bnep: reject short frames before parsing A BNEP peer can send a short BNEP SDU. bnep_rx_frame() reads the packet type byte immediately and, for control packets, reads the control opcode and setup UUID-size byte before proving that those bytes are present. bnep_rx_control() also dereferences the control opcode without rejecting an empty control payload. Use skb_pull_data() for the fixed fields in bnep_rx_frame() so a NULL return gates each dereference. Split the control handler so the frame path can pass an opcode that has already been pulled, and keep the byte-buffer wrapper for extension control payloads. For BNEP_SETUP_CONN_REQ, name the UUID-size byte before pulling the setup payload. struct bnep_setup_conn_req carries destination and source service UUIDs after that byte, each uuid_size bytes, so the parser now documents that tuple explicitly instead of leaving the pull length as an opaque multiplication. Validation reproduced this kernel report: KASAN slab-out-of-bounds in bnep_rx_frame.isra.0+0x130c/0x1790 The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88800c0f7908 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-8 of size 8 The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of allocated 1-byte region [ffff88800c0f7908, ffff88800c0f7909) Read of size 1 Call trace: dump_stack_lvl+0xb3/0x140 (?:?) print_address_description+0x57/0x3a0 (?:?) bnep_rx_frame+0x130c/0x1790 (net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c:306) print_report+0xb9/0x2b0 (?:?) __virt_addr_valid+0x1ba/0x3a0 (?:?) srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 (?:?) kasan_addr_to_slab+0x21/0x60 (?:?) kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 (?:?) process_one_work+0xfce/0x17e0 (kernel/workqueue.c:3200) worker_thread+0x65c/0xe40 (?:?) __kthread_parkme+0x184/0x230 (?:?) kthread+0x35e/0x470 (?:?) _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x28/0x50 (?:?) ret_from_fork+0x586/0x870 (?:?) __switch_to+0x74f/0xdc0 (?:?) ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 (?:?)

CVE-2026-46275. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_uart: fix UAFs and race conditions in close and init paths Vulnerabilities leading to Use-After-Free (UAF) and Null Pointer Dereference (NPD) conditions were observed in the lifecycle management of hci_uart. The primary issue arises because the workqueues (init_ready and write_work) are only flushed/cancelled if the HCI_UART_PROTO_READY flag is set during TTY close. If a hangup occurs before setup completes, hci_uart_tty_close() skips the teardown of these workqueues and proceeds to free the `hu` struct. When the scheduled work executes later, it blindly dereferences the freed `hu` struct. Furthermore, several data races and UAFs were identified in the teardown sequence: 1. Calling hci_uart_flush() from hci_uart_close() without effectively disabling write_work causes a race condition where both can concurrently double-free hu->tx_skb. This happens because protocol timers can concurrently invoke hci_uart_tx_wakeup() and requeue write_work. 2. Calling hci_free_dev(hdev) before hu->proto->close(hu) causes a UAF when vendor specific protocol close callbacks dereference hu->hdev. 3. In the initialization error paths, failing to take the proto_lock write lock before clearing PROTO_READY leads to races with active readers. Additionally, hci_uart_tty_receive() accesses hu->hdev outside the read lock, leading to UAFs if the initialization error path frees hdev concurrently. Fix these synchronization and lifecycle issues by: 1. Re-ordering hci_uart_tty_close() to clear HCI_UART_PROTO_READY first, followed immediately by a cancel_work_sync(&hu->write_work). Clearing the flag locks out concurrent protocol timers from successfully invoking hci_uart_tx_wakeup(), effectively rendering the cancellation permanent and preventing the tx_skb double-free. 2. Note: Clearing PROTO_READY early causes hci_uart_close() to skip hu->proto->flush(). This is perfectly safe in the tty_close path because hu->proto->close() executes shortly after, which intrinsically purges all protocol SKB queues and tears down the state. 3. Relocating hu->proto->close(hu) strictly prior to hci_free_dev(hdev) across all close and error paths to prevent vendor-level UAFs. 4. Moving the hdev->stat.byte_rx increment in hci_uart_tty_receive() inside the proto_lock read-side critical section to safely synchronize with device unregistration. 5. Adding cancel_work_sync(&hu->write_work) to hci_uart_close() to safely flush the workqueue before hci_uart_flush() is invoked via the HCI core. 6. Utilizing cancel_work_sync() instead of disable_work_sync() across all paths to prevent permanently breaking user-space retry capabilities.

CVE-2026-46214. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock/virtio: fix accept queue count leak on transport mismatch virtio_transport_recv_listen() calls sk_acceptq_added() before vsock_assign_transport(). If vsock_assign_transport() fails or selects a different transport, the error path returns without calling sk_acceptq_removed(), permanently incrementing sk_ack_backlog. After approximately backlog+1 such failures, sk_acceptq_is_full() returns true, causing the listener to reject all new connections. Fix by moving sk_acceptq_added() to after the transport validation, matching the pattern used by vmci_transport and hyperv_transport.

CVE-2026-52909. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip6_vti: set netns_immutable on the fallback device. john1988 and Noam Rathaus reported that vti6_init_net() does not set the netns_immutable flag on the per-netns fallback tunnel device (ip6_vti0). Other similar tunnel drivers (like ip6_tunnel, sit, ip6_gre, and ip_tunnel) correctly set this flag during their fallback device initialization to prevent them from being moved to another network namespace.

CVE-2026-46304. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet: avoid recursive nvmet-wq flush in nvmet_ctrl_free nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() runs on nvmet-wq and can drop the final controller reference through nvmet_cq_put(). If that triggers nvmet_ctrl_free(), the teardown path flushes ctrl->async_event_work on the same nvmet-wq. Call chain: nvmet_tcp_schedule_release_queue() kref_put(&queue->kref, nvmet_tcp_release_queue) nvmet_tcp_release_queue() queue_work(nvmet_wq, &queue->release_work) <--- nvmet_wq process_one_work() nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work() nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq) nvmet_cq_destroy() nvmet_ctrl_put(cq->ctrl) nvmet_ctrl_free() flush_work(&ctrl->async_event_work) <--- nvmet_wq Previously Scheduled by :- nvmet_add_async_event queue_work(nvmet_wq, &ctrl->async_event_work); This trips lockdep with a possible recursive locking warning. [ 5223.015876] run blktests nvme/003 at 2026-04-07 20:53:55 [ 5223.061801] loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 2097152 [ 5223.072206] nvmet: adding nsid 1 to subsystem blktests-subsystem-1 [ 5223.088368] nvmet_tcp: enabling port 0 (127.0.0.1:4420) [ 5223.126086] nvmet: Created discovery controller 1 for subsystem nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery for NQN nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349. [ 5223.128453] nvme nvme1: new ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery", addr 127.0.0.1:4420, hostnqn: nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress:uuid:0f01fb42-9f7f-4856-b0b3-51e60b8de349 [ 5233.199447] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN "nqn.2014-08.org.nvmexpress.discovery" [ 5233.227718] ============================================ [ 5233.231283] WARNING: possible recursive locking detected [ 5233.234696] 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 Tainted: G O N [ 5233.238434] -------------------------------------------- [ 5233.241852] kworker/u192:6/2413 is trying to acquire lock: [ 5233.245429] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.251438] but task is already holding lock: [ 5233.255254] ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0 [ 5233.261125] other info that might help us debug this: [ 5233.265333] Possible unsafe locking scenario: [ 5233.269217] CPU0 [ 5233.270795] ---- [ 5233.272436] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq); [ 5233.275241] lock((wq_completion)nvmet-wq); [ 5233.278020] *** DEADLOCK *** [ 5233.281793] May be due to missing lock nesting notation [ 5233.286195] 3 locks held by kworker/u192:6/2413: [ 5233.289192] #0: ffff888111632548 ((wq_completion)nvmet-wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x5cc/0x6e0 [ 5233.294569] #1: ffffc9000e2a7e40 ((work_completion)(&queue->release_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1c5/0x6e0 [ 5233.300128] #2: ffffffff82d7dc40 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __flush_work+0x62/0x530 [ 5233.304290] stack backtrace: [ 5233.306520] CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 2413 Comm: kworker/u192:6 Tainted: G O N 7.0.0-rc3nvme+ #20 PREEMPT(full) [ 5233.306524] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [N]=TEST [ 5233.306525] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 5233.306527] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work [nvmet_tcp] [ 5233.306532] Call Trace: [ 5233.306534] <TASK> [ 5233.306536] dump_stack_lvl+0x73/0xb0 [ 5233.306552] print_deadlock_bug+0x225/0x2f0 [ 5233.306556] __lock_acquire+0x13f0/0x2290 [ 5233.306563] lock_acquire+0xd0/0x300 [ 5233.306565] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.306571] ? __flush_work+0x20b/0x530 [ 5233.306573] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 5233.306577] touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x3b/0x90 [ 5233.306580] ? touch_wq_lockdep_map+0x26/0x90 [ 52 ---truncated---

CVE-2026-53228. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: sit: reload inner IPv6 header after GSO offloads ipip6_tunnel_xmit() caches the inner IPv6 header pointer at function entry and continues using it after iptunnel_handle_offloads(). For GSO skbs, iptunnel_handle_offloads() calls skb_header_unclone(). When the skb header is cloned, skb_header_unclone() can call pskb_expand_head(), which may move the skb head. The pskb_expand_head() contract requires pointers into the skb header to be reloaded after the call. If the later skb_realloc_headroom() branch is not taken, SIT uses the stale iph6 pointer to read the inner hop limit and DS field. That can read from a freed skb head after the old head's remaining clone is released. Reload iph6 after the offload helper succeeds and before subsequent reads from the inner IPv6 header. Keep the existing reload after skb_realloc_headroom(), since that branch can also replace the skb.

CVE-2026-53225. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: fix uninit-value in __sctp_rcv_asconf_lookup() __sctp_rcv_asconf_lookup() in net/sctp/input.c only checks that the ASCONF chunk can hold the ADDIP header and a parameter header, then calls af->from_addr_param(), which reads the full address (16 bytes for IPv6) trusting the parameter's declared length. An unauthenticated peer can send a truncated trailing ASCONF chunk that declares an IPv6 address parameter but stops after the 4-byte parameter header; reached from the no-association lookup path, from_addr_param() then reads uninitialized bytes past the parameter. Impact: an unauthenticated SCTP peer makes the receive path read up to 16 bytes of uninitialized memory past a truncated ASCONF address parameter. The sibling __sctp_rcv_init_lookup() bounds parameters with sctp_walk_params(); this path open-codes the fetch and omits the bound. Verify the whole address parameter lies within the chunk before from_addr_param() reads it, the same class of fix as commit 51e5ad549c43 ("net: sctp: fix KMSAN uninit-value in sctp_inq_pop").

CVE-2026-46294. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm: fix a buffer overflow in ioctl processing Tony Asleson (using Claude) found a buffer overflow in dm-ioctl in the function retrieve_status: 1. The code in retrieve_status checks that the output string fits into the output buffer and writes the output string there 2. Then, the code aligns the "outptr" variable to the next 8-byte boundary: outptr = align_ptr(outptr); 3. The alignment doesn't check overflow, so outptr could point past the buffer end 4. The "for" loop is iterated again, it executes: remaining = len - (outptr - outbuf); 5. If "outptr" points past "outbuf + len", the arithmetics wraps around and the variable "remaining" contains unusually high number 6. With "remaining" being high, the code writes more data past the end of the buffer Luckily, this bug has no security implications because: 1. Only root can issue device mapper ioctls 2. The commonly used libraries that communicate with device mapper (libdevmapper and devicemapper-rs) use buffer size that is aligned to 8 bytes - thus, "outptr = align_ptr(outptr)" can't overshoot the input buffer and the bug can't happen accidentally

CVE-2026-53181. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock/vmci: fix sk_ack_backlog leak on failed handshake When vmci_transport_recv_connecting_server() returns an error, vmci_transport_recv_listen() calls vsock_remove_pending() but never calls sk_acceptq_removed(). This leaves sk_ack_backlog incremented permanently. Repeated handshake failures (malformed packets, queue pair alloc failure, event subscribe failure) cause sk_ack_backlog to climb toward sk_max_ack_backlog. Once it reaches the limit the listener permanently refuses all new connections with -ECONNREFUSED, a silent denial of service requiring a process restart to recover. The two existing sk_acceptq_removed() calls in af_vsock.c do not cover this path: line 764 checks vsock_is_pending() which returns false after vsock_remove_pending(), and line 1889 is only reached on successful accept(). Fix by balancing sk_acceptq_added() with sk_acceptq_removed() on the error path.

CVE-2026-46227. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: revalidate list cursor after sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() in SCTP_SENDALL The SCTP_SENDALL path in sctp_sendmsg() iterates ep->asocs with list_for_each_entry_safe(), which caches the next entry in @tmp before the loop body runs. The body calls sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc(), which may drop the socket lock inside sctp_wait_for_sndbuf(). While the lock is dropped, another thread can SCTP_SOCKOPT_PEELOFF the association cached in @tmp, migrating it to a new endpoint via sctp_sock_migrate() (list_del_init() + list_add_tail() to newep->asocs), and optionally close the new socket which frees the association via kfree_rcu(). The cached @tmp can also be freed by a network ABORT for that association, processed in softirq while the lock is dropped. sctp_wait_for_sndbuf() revalidates @asoc (the current entry) on re-lock via the "sk != asoc->base.sk" and "asoc->base.dead" checks, but nothing revalidates @tmp. After a successful return, the iterator advances to the stale @tmp, yielding either a use-after-free (if the peeled socket was closed) or a list-walk onto the new endpoint's list head (type confusion of &newep->asocs as a struct sctp_association *). Both are reachable from CapEff=0; the type-confusion path gives controlled indirect call via the outqueue.sched->init_sid pointer. Fix by re-deriving @tmp from @asoc after sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() returns. @asoc is known to still be on ep->asocs at that point: the only callers that list_del an association from ep->asocs are sctp_association_free() (which sets asoc->base.dead) and sctp_assoc_migrate() (which changes asoc->base.sk), and sctp_wait_for_sndbuf() checks both under the lock before any successful return; a tripped check propagates as err < 0 and the loop bails before the re-derive. The SCTP_ABORT path in sctp_sendmsg_check_sflags() returns 0 and the loop hits 'continue' before sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() is ever called, so the @tmp cached by list_for_each_entry_safe() still covers the lock-held free that ba59fb027307 ("sctp: walk the list of asoc safely") was added for.

CVE-2026-53249. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: restrict IPOPT_SSRR and IPOPT_LSRR options This patch restricts setting Loose Source and Record Route (LSRR) and Strict Source and Record Route (SSRR) IP options to users with CAP_NET_RAW capability. This prevents unprivileged applications from forcing packets to route through attacker-controlled nodes to leak TCP ISN and possibly other protocol information. While LSRR and SSRR are commonly filtered in many network environments, they may still be supported and forwarded along some network paths. RFC 7126 (Recommendations on Filtering of IPv4 Packets Containing IPv4 Options) recommend to drop these options in 4.3 and 4.4.

CVE-2026-52917. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: diag: reject stale associations in dump_one path The SCTP exact sock_diag lookup can hold a transport reference, block on lock_sock(sk), and then resume after sctp_association_free() has marked the association dead and freed its bind address list. When that happens, inet_assoc_attr_size() and inet_diag_msg_sctpasoc_fill() can still dereference association state that is no longer valid for reporting. In particular, inet_diag_msg_sctpasoc_fill() may read an empty bind-address list as a real sctp_sockaddr_entry and trigger an out-of-bounds read from unrelated association memory. Reject the association after taking the socket lock if it has been reaped or detached from the endpoint, and report the lookup as stale. This keeps the exact dump-one path from formatting torn association state.

CVE-2026-52910. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Free reuseport cBPF prog after RCU grace period. Eulgyu Kim reported the splat below with a repro. [0] The repro sets up a UDP reuseport group with a cBPF prog and replaces it with a new one while another thread is sending a UDP packet to the group. The reuseport prog is freed by sk_reuseport_prog_free(). bpf_prog_put() is called for "e"BPF prog to destruct through multiple stages while cBPF prog is freed immediately by bpf_release_orig_filter() and bpf_prog_free(). If a reuseport prog is detached from the setsockopt() path (reuseport_attach_prog() or reuseport_detach_prog()), sk_reuseport_prog_free() is called without waiting for RCU readers to complete, resulting in various bugs. Let's defer freeing the reuseport cBPF prog after one RCU grace period. Note "e"BPF prog is safe as is unless the fast path starts to touch fields destroyed in bpf_prog_put_deferred() and __bpf_prog_put_noref(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: vmalloc-out-of-bounds in reuseport_select_sock+0xedc/0x1220 net/core/sock_reuseport.c:596 Read of size 4 at addr ffffc9000051e004 by task slowme/10208 CPU: 6 UID: 1000 PID: 10208 Comm: slowme Not tainted 7.0.0-geb7ac95ff75e #32 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC v2 (i440FX + PIIX, arch_caps fix, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl+0xe8/0x150 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595 reuseport_select_sock+0xedc/0x1220 net/core/sock_reuseport.c:596 udp4_lib_lookup2+0x3bc/0x950 net/ipv4/udp.c:495 __udp4_lib_lookup+0x768/0xe20 net/ipv4/udp.c:723 __udp4_lib_lookup_skb+0x297/0x390 net/ipv4/udp.c:752 __udp4_lib_rcv+0x1312/0x2620 net/ipv4/udp.c:2752 ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x282/0x440 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:207 ip_local_deliver_finish+0x3bb/0x6f0 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:241 NF_HOOK+0x30c/0x3a0 include/linux/netfilter.h:318 NF_HOOK+0x30c/0x3a0 include/linux/netfilter.h:318 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6181 [inline] __netif_receive_skb net/core/dev.c:6294 [inline] process_backlog+0xaa4/0x1960 net/core/dev.c:6645 __napi_poll+0xae/0x340 net/core/dev.c:7709 napi_poll net/core/dev.c:7772 [inline] net_rx_action+0x5d7/0xf50 net/core/dev.c:7929 handle_softirqs+0x22b/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 do_softirq+0x76/0xd0 kernel/softirq.c:523 </IRQ> <TASK> __local_bh_enable_ip+0xf8/0x130 kernel/softirq.c:450 local_bh_enable include/linux/bottom_half.h:33 [inline] rcu_read_unlock_bh include/linux/rcupdate.h:924 [inline] __dev_queue_xmit+0x1dd7/0x3710 net/core/dev.c:4890 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:556 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0xca9/0x1070 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:237 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:307 [inline] ip_output+0x29f/0x450 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:438 ip_send_skb+0x45/0xc0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:1508 udp_send_skb+0xb04/0x1510 net/ipv4/udp.c:1195 udp_sendmsg+0x1a71/0x2350 net/ipv4/udp.c:1485 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:727 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:742 [inline] __sys_sendto+0x554/0x680 net/socket.c:2206 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2213 [inline] __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2209 [inline] __x64_sys_sendto+0xde/0x100 net/socket.c:2209 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x160/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x415a2d Code: b3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 66 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f6bc31e41e8 EFLAGS: 00000212 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002c RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6bc31e4cdc RCX: 0000000000415a2d RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 00007f6bc31e421f RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f6bc31e4240 R08: 00007f6bc31e4220 R09: 0000000000000010 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: ---truncated---

CVE-2026-53236. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: restrict SO_ATTACH_FILTER to priv users This patch restricts the use of SO_ATTACH_FILTER (cBPF) on TCP sockets to users with CAP_NET_ADMIN capability. This blocks potential side-channel attack where an unprivileged application attaches a filter to leak TCP sequence/acknowledgment numbers.

CVE-2026-53350. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: wm_adsp: Fix NULL dereference when removing firmware controls In wm_adsp_control_remove() check that the priv pointer is not NULL before attempting to cleanup what it points to. When cs_dsp creates a control it calls wm_adsp_control_add_cb() so that wm_adsp can create its own private control data. There are two cases where private data is not created: 1. The control is a SYSTEM control, so an ALSA control is not created. 2. The codec driver has registered a control_add() callback that hides the control, so wm_adsp_control_add() is not called. When cs_dsp_remove destroys its control list it calls wm_adsp_control_remove() for each control. But wm_adsp_control_remove() was attempting to cleanup the private data pointed to by cs_ctl->priv without checking the pointer for NULL.

CVE-2026-52929. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: stream: fully roll back denied add-stream state When ADD_OUT_STREAMS is denied, SCTP only shrinks the queued chunks and then lowers outcnt. That leaves removed stream metadata behind, so a later re-add can reuse a stale ext and hit a null-pointer dereference in the scheduler get path. Fix the rollback by tearing down the removed stream state the same way other stream resizes do. Unschedule the current scheduler state, drop the removed stream ext state with sctp_stream_outq_migrate(), and then reschedule the remaining streams. This keeps scheduler-private RR/FC/PRIO lists consistent while fully rolling back denied outgoing stream additions.

CVE-2026-53183. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: allow subflow rcv wnd to shrink In MPTCP connection, the `window` field in the TCP header refers to the MPTCP-level rcv_nxt and it's right edge should not move backward. Such constraint is enforced at DSS option generation time. At the same time, the TCP stack ensures independently that the TCP-level rcv wnd right's edge does not move backward. That in turn causes artificial inflating of the MPTCP rcv window when the incoming data is acked at the TCP level and is OoO in the MPTCP sequence space (or lands in the backlog). As a consequence, the incoming traffic can exceed the receiver rcvbuf size even when the sender is not misbehaving. Prevent such scenario forcibly allowing the TCP subflow to shrink the TCP-level rcv wnd regardless of the current netns setting.

CVE-2026-53349. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack: destroy stale expectfn expectations on unregister NAT helpers such as nf_nat_h323 store a raw pointer to module text in exp->expectfn (e.g. ip_nat_q931_expect). nf_ct_helper_expectfn_unregister() only unlinks the callback descriptor and never walks the expectation table, so an expectation pending at module removal survives with a dangling exp->expectfn into freed module text. When the expected connection arrives, init_conntrack() invokes exp->expectfn(), now a stale pointer into the unloaded module. Reproduced on a KASAN build by loading the H.323 helpers, creating a Q.931 expectation, unloading nf_nat_h323, then connecting to the expected port: Oops: int3: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:0xffffffffa06102d1 init_conntrack.isra.0 (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:1862) nf_conntrack_in (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:2049) ipv4_conntrack_local (net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto.c:223) nf_hook_slow (net/netfilter/core.c:619) __ip_local_out (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:120) __tcp_transmit_skb (net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1715) tcp_connect (net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:4374) tcp_v4_connect (net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:345) __sys_connect (net/socket.c:2167) Modules linked in: nf_conntrack_h323 [last unloaded: nf_nat_h323] Reaching the dangling state requires CAP_SYS_MODULE in the initial user namespace to remove a NAT helper that still has live expectations, so this is a robustness fix; leaving an expectation pointing at freed text is wrong regardless. Add nf_ct_helper_expectfn_destroy(), which walks the expectation table and drops every expectation whose ->expectfn matches the descriptor being torn down. Call it from each NAT helper's exit path after the existing RCU grace period, so no expectation outlives the code it points at and no extra synchronize_rcu() is introduced. With the fix, the same reproducer runs to completion without the Oops.

CVE-2026-53221. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip6_vti: fix incorrect tunnel matching in vti6_tnl_lookup() In vti6_tnl_lookup(), when an exact match for a tunnel fails, the code falls back to searching for wildcard tunnels: - Tunnels matching the packet's local address, with any remote address wildcard remote). - Tunnels matching the packet's remote address, with any local address (wildcard local). However, vti6 stores all these different types of tunnels in the same hash table (ip6n->tnls_r_l) prone to hash collisions. The bug is that the fallback search loops in vti6_tnl_lookup() were missing checks to ensure that the candidate tunnel actually has a wildcard address.

CVE-2026-53269. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: synproxy: add mutex to guard hook reference counting As the synproxy infrastructure register netfilter hooks on-demand when a user adds the first iptables target or nftables expression, if done concurrently they can race each other. Introduce a mutex to serialize the refcount control blocks access from both frontends. While a per namespace mutex might be more efficient, it is not needed for target/expression like SYNPROXY.

CVE-2026-53245. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/802/mrp: fix vector attribute parsing in mrp_pdu_parse_vecattr In mrp_pdu_parse_vecattr(), vector attribute events are encoded three per byte and valen tracks the number of events left to process. The parser decrements valen after processing the first and second events from each event byte, but not after processing the third one. When valen is exactly a multiple of three, the loop continues after the last valid event and consumes the next byte as a new event byte, applying a spurious event to the MRP applicant state. Additionally, when valen is zero the parser unconditionally consumes attrlen bytes as FirstValue and advances the offset, even though per IEEE 802.1ak a VectorAttribute with only a LeaveAllEvent has valen of zero and no FirstValue or Vector fields. This corrupts the offset for subsequent PDU parsing. Also, when valen exceeds three the loop crosses byte boundaries but the attribute value is not incremented between the last event of one byte and the first event of the next. This causes the first event of the next byte to use the same attribute value as the third event rather than the next consecutive value. Decrement valen after processing the third event, skip FirstValue consumption when valen is zero, and increment the attribute value at the end of each loop iteration.

CVE-2026-53239. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: policy: fix use-after-free on inexact bin in xfrm_policy_bysel_ctx() Fix the race by pruning the bin while still holding xfrm_policy_lock, before dropping it. Use __xfrm_policy_inexact_prune_bin() directly since the lock is already held. The wrapper xfrm_policy_inexact_prune_bin() becomes unused and is removed. Race: CPU0 (XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY) CPU1 (XFRM_MSG_NEWSPDINFO) ========================== ========================== xfrm_policy_bysel_ctx(): spin_lock_bh(xfrm_policy_lock) bin = xfrm_policy_inexact_lookup() __xfrm_policy_unlink(pol) spin_unlock_bh(xfrm_policy_lock) xfrm_policy_kill(ret) // wide window, lock not held xfrm_hash_rebuild(): spin_lock_bh(xfrm_policy_lock) __xfrm_policy_inexact_flush(): kfree_rcu(bin) // bin freed spin_unlock_bh(xfrm_policy_lock) xfrm_policy_inexact_prune_bin(bin) // UAF: bin is freed

CVE-2026-52930. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipc/shm: serialize orphan cleanup with shm_nattch updates shm_destroy_orphaned() walks the shm idr under shm_ids(ns).rwsem, but that does not serialize all fields tested by shm_may_destroy(). In particular, shm_nattch is updated while holding shm_perm.lock, and attach paths can do that without holding the rwsem. Do not decide that an orphaned segment is unused before taking the object lock. Move the shm_may_destroy() check under shm_perm.lock, matching the other destroy paths, and unlock the segment when it no longer qualifies for removal.

CVE-2026-46321. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tun: free page on short-frame rejection in tun_xdp_one() tun_xdp_one() returns -EINVAL on a frame shorter than ETH_HLEN without freeing the page that vhost_net_build_xdp() allocated for it. tun_sendmsg() discards that -EINVAL and still returns total_len, so vhost_tx_batch() takes the success path and never frees the page; each short frame in a batch leaks one page-frag chunk. A local process that can open /dev/net/tun and /dev/vhost-net can hit this path: it attaches a tun/tap device as the vhost-net backend and feeds TX descriptors whose length minus the virtio-net header is below ETH_HLEN. Each kick leaks the page-frag chunks for that batch, and a tight submission loop exhausts host memory and triggers an OOM panic. Free the page before returning -EINVAL, matching the XDP-program error path in the same function.

CVE-2026-53080. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: cls_fw: fix NULL dereference of "old" filters before change() Like pointed out by Sashiko [1], since commit ed76f5edccc9 ("net: sched: protect filter_chain list with filter_chain_lock mutex") TC filters are added to a shared block and published to datapath before their ->change() function is called. This is a problem for cls_fw: an invalid filter created with the "old" method can still classify some packets before it is destroyed by the validation logic added by Xiang. Therefore, insisting with repeated runs of the following script: # ip link add dev crash0 type dummy # ip link set dev crash0 up # mausezahn crash0 -c 100000 -P 10 \ > -A 4.3.2.1 -B 1.2.3.4 -t udp "dp=1234" -q & # sleep 1 # tc qdisc add dev crash0 egress_block 1 clsact # tc filter add block 1 protocol ip prio 1 matchall \ > action skbedit mark 65536 continue # tc filter add block 1 protocol ip prio 2 fw # ip link del dev crash0 can still make fw_classify() hit the WARN_ON() in [2]: WARNING: ./include/net/pkt_cls.h:88 at fw_classify+0x244/0x250 [cls_fw], CPU#18: mausezahn/1399 Modules linked in: cls_fw(E) act_skbedit(E) CPU: 18 UID: 0 PID: 1399 Comm: mausezahn Tainted: G E 7.0.0-rc6-virtme #17 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.16.3-2.el9 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:fw_classify+0x244/0x250 [cls_fw] Code: 5c 49 c7 45 00 00 00 00 00 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d c3 cc cc cc cc 5b b8 ff ff ff ff 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d c3 cc cc cc cc 90 <0f> 0b 90 eb a0 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 RSP: 0018:ffffd1b7026bf8a8 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: ffff8c5ac9c60800 RBX: ffff8c5ac99322c0 RCX: 0000000000000004 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffff8c5b74d7a000 RDI: ffff8c5ac8284f40 RBP: ffffd1b7026bf8d0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffd1b7026bf9b0 R10: 00000000ffffffff R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000010000 R13: ffffd1b7026bf930 R14: ffff8c5ac8284f40 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007fca40c37740(0000) GS:ffff8c5b74d7a000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fca40e822a0 CR3: 0000000005ca0001 CR4: 0000000000172ef0 Call Trace: <TASK> tcf_classify+0x17d/0x5c0 tc_run+0x9d/0x150 __dev_queue_xmit+0x2ab/0x14d0 ip_finish_output2+0x340/0x8f0 ip_output+0xa4/0x250 raw_sendmsg+0x147d/0x14b0 __sys_sendto+0x1cc/0x1f0 __x64_sys_sendto+0x24/0x30 do_syscall_64+0x126/0xf80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fca40e822ba Code: d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b8 0f 1f 00 f3 0f 1e fa 41 89 ca 64 8b 04 25 18 00 00 00 85 c0 75 15 b8 2c 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 7e c3 0f 1f 44 00 00 41 54 48 83 ec 30 44 89 RSP: 002b:00007ffc248a42c8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002c RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055ef233289d0 RCX: 00007fca40e822ba RDX: 000000000000001e RSI: 000055ef23328c30 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 000055ef233289d0 R08: 00007ffc248a42d0 R09: 0000000000000010 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 000000000000001e R13: 00000000000186a0 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00007fca41043000 </TASK> irq event stamp: 1045778 hardirqs last enabled at (1045784): [<ffffffff864ec042>] __up_console_sem+0x52/0x60 hardirqs last disabled at (1045789): [<ffffffff864ec027>] __up_console_sem+0x37/0x60 softirqs last enabled at (1045426): [<ffffffff874d48c7>] __alloc_skb+0x207/0x260 softirqs last disabled at (1045434): [<ffffffff874fe8f8>] __dev_queue_xmit+0x78/0x14d0 Then, because of the value in the packet's mark, dereference on 'q->handle' with NULL 'q' occurs: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000038 [...] RIP: 0010:fw_classify+0x1fe/0x250 [cls_fw] [...] Skip "old-style" classification on shared blocks, so that the NULL dereference is fixed and WARN_ON() is not hit anymore in the short lifetime of invalid cls_fw "old-style" filters. [1] https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/2 ---truncated---

CVE-2026-52943. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: fix missing zerocopy reference in pskb_carve helpers pskb_carve_inside_header() and pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear() both copy the old skb_shared_info header into a new buffer via memcpy(), which includes the destructor_arg pointer (uarg) for MSG_ZEROCOPY skbs. Neither function calls net_zcopy_get() for the new shinfo, creating an unaccounted holder: every skb_shared_info with destructor_arg set will call skb_zcopy_clear() once when freed, but the corresponding net_zcopy_get() was never called for the new copy. Repeated calls drive uarg->refcnt to zero prematurely, freeing ubuf_info_msgzc while TX skbs still hold live destructor_arg pointers. KASAN reports use-after-free on a freed ubuf_info_msgzc: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in skb_release_data+0x77b/0x810 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88801574d3e8 by task poc/220 Call Trace: skb_release_data+0x77b/0x810 kfree_skb_list_reason+0x13e/0x610 skb_release_data+0x4cd/0x810 sk_skb_reason_drop+0xf3/0x340 skb_queue_purge_reason+0x282/0x440 rds_tcp_inc_free+0x1e/0x30 rds_recvmsg+0x354/0x1780 __sys_recvmsg+0xdf/0x180 Allocated by task 219: msg_zerocopy_realloc+0x157/0x7b0 tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x2892/0x3ba0 Freed by task 219: ip_recv_error+0x74a/0xb10 tcp_recvmsg+0x475/0x530 The skb consuming the late access still referenced the same uarg via shinfo->destructor_arg copied by pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear() without a refcount bump. This has been verified to be reliably exploitable: a working proof-of-concept achieves full root privilege escalation from an unprivileged local user on a default kernel configuration. The fix follows the pattern of pskb_expand_head() which has the same memcpy/cloned structure. For pskb_carve_inside_header(), net_zcopy_get() is placed after skb_orphan_frags() succeeds, so the orphan error path needs no cleanup. For pskb_carve_inside_nonlinear(), net_zcopy_get() is placed after all failure points and just before skb_release_data(), so no error path needs cleanup at all -- matching pskb_expand_head() more closely and avoiding the need for a balancing net_zcopy_put().

CVE-2026-53275. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: mcast: Fix use-after-free when processing MLD queries When processing an MLD query, a pointer to the multicast group address is retrieved when initially parsing the packet. This pointer is later dereferenced without being reloaded despite the fact that the skb header might have been reallocated following the pskb_may_pull() calls, leading to a use-after-free [1]. Fix by copying the multicast group address when the packet is initially parsed. [1] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __mld_query_work (net/ipv6/mcast.c:1512) Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881154b8e90 by task kworker/4:1/118 Workqueue: mld mld_query_work Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:94 lib/dump_stack.c:120) print_address_description.constprop.0 (mm/kasan/report.c:378) print_report (mm/kasan/report.c:482) kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) __mld_query_work (net/ipv6/mcast.c:1512) mld_query_work (net/ipv6/mcast.c:1563) process_one_work (kernel/workqueue.c:3314) worker_thread (kernel/workqueue.c:3397 kernel/workqueue.c:3478) kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436) ret_from_fork (arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158) ret_from_fork_asm (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245) </TASK> [...] Freed by task 118: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:57) kasan_save_track (mm/kasan/common.c:78) kasan_save_free_info (mm/kasan/generic.c:584) __kasan_slab_free (mm/kasan/common.c:253 mm/kasan/common.c:285) kfree (./include/linux/kasan.h:235 mm/slub.c:2689 mm/slub.c:6251 mm/slub.c:6566) pskb_expand_head (net/core/skbuff.c:2335) __pskb_pull_tail (net/core/skbuff.c:2878 (discriminator 4)) __mld_query_work (net/ipv6/mcast.c:1495 (discriminator 1)) mld_query_work (net/ipv6/mcast.c:1563) process_one_work (kernel/workqueue.c:3314) worker_thread (kernel/workqueue.c:3397 kernel/workqueue.c:3478) kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436) ret_from_fork (arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158) ret_from_fork_asm (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245)

CVE-2026-46320. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tap: free page on error paths in tap_get_user_xdp() tap_get_user_xdp() rejects a frame shorter than ETH_HLEN with -EINVAL, and returns -ENOMEM when build_skb() fails. Both paths jump to the err label without freeing the page that vhost_net_build_xdp() allocated for the frame. tap_sendmsg() discards the per-buffer return value and always returns 0, so vhost_tx_batch() takes the success path and never frees the page; each rejected frame in a batch leaks one page-frag chunk. Free the page on both error paths, before the skb is built. This is the tap counterpart of the same leak in tun_xdp_one().

CVE-2026-52948. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: i2c: dev: prevent integer overflow in I2C_TIMEOUT ioctl While fuzzing with Syzkaller, a persistent `schedule_timeout: wrong timeout value` warning was observed, accompanied by SMBus controller state machine corruption. The I2C_TIMEOUT ioctl accepts a user-provided timeout in multiples of 10 ms. The user argument is checked against INT_MAX, but it is subsequently multiplied by 10 before being passed to msecs_to_jiffies(). A malicious user can pass a large value (e.g., 429496729) that passes the `arg > INT_MAX` check but overflows when multiplied by 10. This results in a truncated 32-bit unsigned value that bypasses the internal `(int)m < 0` check in `msecs_to_jiffies()`. The truncated value is then assigned to `client->adapter->timeout` (a signed 32-bit int), which is reinterpreted as a negative number. When passed to wait_for_completion_timeout(), this negative value undergoes sign extension to a 64-bit unsigned long, triggering the `schedule_timeout` warning and causing premature returns. This leaves the SMBus state machine in an unrecoverable state, constituting a local Denial of Service (DoS). Fix this by bounding the user argument to `INT_MAX / 10`. [wsa: move the comment as well]

CVE-2026-53208. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: reject BR/EDR signaling packets over MTUsig net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:l2cap_sig_channel() accepts BR/EDR signaling packets up to the channel MTU and dispatches each command without enforcing the signaling MTU (MTUsig). A Bluetooth BR/EDR peer within radio range can send a fixed-channel CID 0x0001 packet that is larger than MTUsig and contains many L2CAP_ECHO_REQ commands before pairing. In a real-radio stock-kernel run, one 681-byte signaling packet containing 168 zero-length ECHO_REQ commands made the target transmit 168 ECHO_RSP frames over about 220 ms. Impact: a Bluetooth BR/EDR peer within radio range, before pairing, can force 168 ECHO_RSP frames from one 681-byte fixed-channel signaling packet containing packed ECHO_REQ commands. Define Linux's BR/EDR signaling MTU as the spec minimum of 48 bytes and reject any larger signaling packet with one L2CAP_COMMAND_REJECT_RSP carrying L2CAP_REJ_MTU_EXCEEDED before any command is dispatched. The Bluetooth Core spec wording for MTUExceeded says the reject identifier shall match the first request command in the packet, and that packets containing only responses shall be silently discarded. Linux intentionally deviates from that prescription: silently discarding desynchronizes the peer because the remote stack never learns its responses were dropped, and locating the first request command requires walking command headers past MTUsig, i.e. processing bytes from a packet we have already decided is too large to process. We therefore always emit one reject and use the identifier from the first command header, a single fixed-offset byte read. The unrestricted BR/EDR signaling parser and ECHO_REQ response path both trace to the initial git import; no later introducing commit is available for a Fixes tag.

CVE-2026-53352. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: signal: clear JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK for caller in zap_other_threads() When a multi-threaded process receives a stop signal (e.g., SIGSTOP), do_signal_stop() sets JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING and JOBCTL_STOP_CONSUME on all threads and sets signal->group_stop_count to the number of threads. If one of the threads concurrently calls execve(), de_thread() invokes zap_other_threads() to kill all other threads. zap_other_threads() aborts the pending group stop by resetting signal->group_stop_count to 0 and clears the JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK for all other threads. However, it fails to clear the job control flags for the calling thread. When execve() completes, the calling thread returns to user mode and checks for pending signals. Seeing the stale JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING flag, it calls do_signal_stop(), which invokes task_participate_group_stop(). Since JOBCTL_STOP_CONSUME is still set, it attempts to decrement the already-zero signal->group_stop_count, triggering a warning: sig->group_stop_count == 0 WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 6475 at kernel/signal.c:373 task_participate_group_stop+0x215/0x2d0 Call Trace: <TASK> do_signal_stop+0x3be/0x5c0 kernel/signal.c:2619 get_signal+0xa8c/0x1330 kernel/signal.c:2884 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0xbc/0x840 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:337 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x8c/0x4d0 kernel/entry/common.c:98 do_syscall_64+0x33e/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> Fix this race condition by clearing the JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK for the calling thread in zap_other_threads(), ensuring it does not retain any stale job control state after the thread group is destroyed. This aligns with other functions that tear down a thread group and abort group stops, such as zap_process() and complete_signal(), which correctly clear these flags for all threads including the current one.

CVE-2026-45835. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_new_connection_cb() Add the same NULL guard already present in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() and l2cap_sock_ready_cb().

CVE-2026-45838. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: fix end-of-list detection in cgroup_storage_get_next_key() list_next_entry() never returns NULL -- when the current element is the last entry it wraps to the list head via container_of(). The subsequent NULL check is therefore dead code and get_next_key() never returns -ENOENT for the last element, instead reading storage->key from a bogus pointer that aliases internal map fields and copying the result to userspace. Replace it with list_entry_is_head() so the function correctly returns -ENOENT when there are no more entries.

CVE-2026-43492. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: lib/crypto: mpi: Fix integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() Yiming reports an integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() when subtracting "lzeros" from the unsigned "nbytes". For this to happen, the scatterlist "sgl" needs to occupy more bytes than the "nbytes" parameter and the first "nbytes + 1" bytes of the scatterlist must be zero. Under these conditions, the while loop iterating over the scatterlist will count more zeroes than "nbytes", subtract the number of zeroes from "nbytes" and cause the underflow. When commit 2d4d1eea540b ("lib/mpi: Add mpi sgl helpers") originally introduced the bug, it couldn't be triggered because all callers of mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() passed a scatterlist whose length was equal to "nbytes". However since commit 63ba4d67594a ("KEYS: asymmetric: Use new crypto interface without scatterlists"), the underflow can now actually be triggered. When invoking a KEYCTL_PKEY_ENCRYPT system call with a larger "out_len" than "in_len" and filling the "in" buffer with zeroes, crypto_akcipher_sync_prep() will create an all-zero scatterlist used for both the "src" and "dst" member of struct akcipher_request and thereby fulfil the conditions to trigger the bug: sys_keyctl() keyctl_pkey_e_d_s() asymmetric_key_eds_op() software_key_eds_op() crypto_akcipher_sync_encrypt() crypto_akcipher_sync_prep() crypto_akcipher_encrypt() rsa_enc() mpi_read_raw_from_sgl() To the user this will be visible as a DoS as the kernel spins forever, causing soft lockup splats as a side effect. Fix it.

CVE-2026-43114. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_pipapo_avx2: don't return non-matching entry on expiry New test case fails unexpectedly when avx2 matching functions are used. The test first loads a ranomly generated pipapo set with 'ipv4 . port' key, i.e. nft -f foo. This works. Then, it reloads the set after a flush: (echo flush set t s; cat foo) | nft -f - This is expected to work, because its the same set after all and it was already loaded once. But with avx2, this fails: nft reports a clashing element. The reported clash is of following form: We successfully re-inserted a . b c . d Then we try to insert a . d avx2 finds the already existing a . d, which (due to 'flush set') is marked as invalid in the new generation. It skips the element and moves to next. Due to incorrect masking, the skip-step finds the next matching element *only considering the first field*, i.e. we return the already reinserted "a . b", even though the last field is different and the entry should not have been matched. No such error is reported for the generic c implementation (no avx2) or when the last field has to use the 'nft_pipapo_avx2_lookup_slow' fallback. Bisection points to 7711f4bb4b36 ("netfilter: nft_set_pipapo: fix range overlap detection") but that fix merely uncovers this bug. Before this commit, the wrong element is returned, but erronously reported as a full, identical duplicate. The root-cause is too early return in the avx2 match functions. When we process the last field, we should continue to process data until the entire input size has been consumed to make sure no stale bits remain in the map.

CVE-2026-43350. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: require a full NFS mode SID before reading mode bits parse_dacl() treats an ACE SID matching sid_unix_NFS_mode as an NFS mode SID and reads sid.sub_auth[2] to recover the mode bits. That assumes the ACE carries three subauthorities, but compare_sids() only compares min(a, b) subauthorities. A malicious server can return an ACE with num_subauth = 2 and sub_auth[] = {88, 3}, which still matches sid_unix_NFS_mode and then drives the sub_auth[2] read four bytes past the end of the ACE. Require num_subauth >= 3 before treating the ACE as an NFS mode SID. This keeps the fix local to the special-SID mode path without changing compare_sids() semantics for the rest of cifsacl.

CVE-2026-46023. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm mirror: fix integer overflow in create_dirty_log() The argument count calculation in create_dirty_log() performs `*args_used = 2 + param_count` before validating against argc. When a user provides a param_count close to UINT_MAX via the device mapper table string, this unsigned addition wraps around to a small value, causing the subsequent `argc < *args_used` check to be bypassed. The overflowed param_count is then passed as argc to dm_dirty_log_create(), where it can cause out-of-bounds reads on the argv array. Fix by comparing param_count against argc - 2 before performing the addition, following the same pattern used by parse_features() in the same file. Since argc >= 2 is already guaranteed, the subtraction is safe.

CVE-2026-45842. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: slip: reject VJ receive packets on instances with no rstate array slhc_init() accepts rslots == 0 as a valid configuration, with the documented meaning of 'no receive compression'. In that case the allocation loop in slhc_init() is skipped, so comp->rstate stays NULL and comp->rslot_limit stays 0 (from the kzalloc of struct slcompress). The receive helpers do not defend against that configuration. slhc_uncompress() dereferences comp->rstate[x] when the VJ header carries an explicit connection ID, and slhc_remember() later assigns cs = &comp->rstate[...] after only comparing the packet's slot number to comp->rslot_limit. Because rslot_limit is 0, slot 0 passes the range check, and the code dereferences a NULL rstate. The configuration is reachable in-tree through PPP. PPPIOCSMAXCID stores its argument in a signed int, and (val >> 16) uses arithmetic shift. Passing 0xffff0000 therefore sign-extends to -1, so val2 + 1 is 0 and ppp_generic.c ends up calling slhc_init(0, 1). Because /dev/ppp open is gated by ns_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN), the whole path is reachable from an unprivileged user namespace. Once the malformed VJ state is installed, any inbound VJ-compressed or VJ-uncompressed frame that selects slot 0 crashes the kernel in softirq context: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000000: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: 0010:slhc_uncompress (drivers/net/slip/slhc.c:519) Call Trace: <TASK> ppp_receive_nonmp_frame (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2466) ppp_input (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2359) ppp_async_process (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:492) tasklet_action_common (kernel/softirq.c:926) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:623) run_ksoftirqd (kernel/softirq.c:1055) smpboot_thread_fn (kernel/smpboot.c:160) kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436) ret_from_fork (arch/x86/kernel/process.c:164) </TASK> Reject the receive side on such instances instead of touching rstate. slhc_uncompress() falls through to its existing 'bad' label, which bumps sls_i_error and enters the toss state. slhc_remember() mirrors that with an explicit sls_i_error increment followed by slhc_toss(); the sls_i_runt counter is not used here because a missing rstate is an internal configuration state, not a runt packet. The transmit path is unaffected: the only in-tree caller that picks rslots from userspace (ppp_generic.c) still supplies tslots >= 1, and slip.c always calls slhc_init(16, 16), so comp->tstate remains valid and slhc_compress() continues to work.

CVE-2026-45997. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: sd: fix missing put_disk() when device_add(&disk_dev) fails If device_add(&sdkp->disk_dev) fails, put_device() runs scsi_disk_release(), which frees the scsi_disk but leaves the gendisk referenced. The device_add_disk() error path in sd_probe() calls put_disk(gd); call put_disk(gd) here to mirror that cleanup.

CVE-2026-46050. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid10: fix deadlock with check operation and nowait requests When an array check is running it will raise the barrier at which point normal requests will become blocked and increment the nr_pending value to signal there is work pending inside of wait_barrier(). NOWAIT requests do not block and so will return immediately with an error, and additionally do not increment nr_pending in wait_barrier(). Upstream change commit 43806c3d5b9b ("raid10: cleanup memleak at raid10_make_request") added a call to raid_end_bio_io() to fix a memory leak when NOWAIT requests hit this condition. raid_end_bio_io() eventually calls allow_barrier() and it will unconditionally do an atomic_dec_and_test(&conf->nr_pending) even though the corresponding increment on nr_pending didn't happen in the NOWAIT case. This can be easily seen by starting a check operation while an application is doing nowait IO on the same array. This results in a deadlocked state due to nr_pending value underflowing and so the md resync thread gets stuck waiting for nr_pending to == 0. Output of r10conf state of the array when we hit this condition: crash> struct r10conf barrier = 1, nr_pending = { counter = -41 }, nr_waiting = 15, nr_queued = 0, Example of md_sync thread stuck waiting on raise_barrier() and other requests stuck in wait_barrier(): md1_resync [<0>] raise_barrier+0xce/0x1c0 [<0>] raid10_sync_request+0x1ca/0x1ed0 [<0>] md_do_sync+0x779/0x1110 [<0>] md_thread+0x90/0x160 [<0>] kthread+0xbe/0xf0 [<0>] ret_from_fork+0x34/0x50 [<0>] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 kworker/u1040:2+flush-253:4 [<0>] wait_barrier+0x1de/0x220 [<0>] regular_request_wait+0x30/0x180 [<0>] raid10_make_request+0x261/0x1000 [<0>] md_handle_request+0x13b/0x230 [<0>] __submit_bio+0x107/0x1f0 [<0>] submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x16f/0x390 [<0>] ext4_io_submit+0x24/0x40 [<0>] ext4_do_writepages+0x254/0xc80 [<0>] ext4_writepages+0x84/0x120 [<0>] do_writepages+0x7a/0x260 [<0>] __writeback_single_inode+0x3d/0x300 [<0>] writeback_sb_inodes+0x1dd/0x470 [<0>] __writeback_inodes_wb+0x4c/0xe0 [<0>] wb_writeback+0x18b/0x2d0 [<0>] wb_workfn+0x2a1/0x400 [<0>] process_one_work+0x149/0x330 [<0>] worker_thread+0x2d2/0x410 [<0>] kthread+0xbe/0xf0 [<0>] ret_from_fork+0x34/0x50 [<0>] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30

CVE-2026-46021. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thermal: core: Fix thermal zone governor cleanup issues If thermal_zone_device_register_with_trips() fails after adding a thermal governor to the thermal zone being registered, the governor is not removed from it as appropriate which may lead to a memory leak. In turn, thermal_zone_device_unregister() calls thermal_set_governor() without acquiring the thermal zone lock beforehand which may race with a governor update via sysfs and may lead to a use-after-free in that case. Address these issues by adding two thermal_set_governor() calls, one to thermal_release() to remove the governor from the given thermal zone, and one to the thermal zone registration error path to cover failures preceding the thermal zone device registration.

CVE-2026-31711. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: server: fix active_num_conn leak on transport allocation failure Commit 77ffbcac4e56 ("smb: server: fix leak of active_num_conn in ksmbd_tcp_new_connection()") addressed the kthread_run() failure path. The earlier alloc_transport() == NULL path in the same function has the same leak, is reachable pre-authentication via any TCP connect to port 445, and was empirically reproduced on UML (ARCH=um, v7.0-rc7): a small number of forced allocation failures were sufficient to put ksmbd into a state where every subsequent connection attempt was rejected for the remainder of the boot. ksmbd_kthread_fn() increments active_num_conn before calling ksmbd_tcp_new_connection() and discards the return value, so when alloc_transport() returns NULL the socket is released and -ENOMEM returned without decrementing the counter. Each such failure permanently consumes one slot from the max_connections pool; once cumulative failures reach the cap, atomic_inc_return() hits the threshold on every subsequent accept and every new connection is rejected. The counter is only reset by module reload. An unauthenticated remote attacker can drive the server toward the memory pressure that makes alloc_transport() fail by holding open connections with large RFC1002 lengths up to MAX_STREAM_PROT_LEN (0x00FFFFFF); natural transient allocation failures on a loaded host produce the same drift more slowly. Mirror the existing rollback pattern in ksmbd_kthread_fn(): on the alloc_transport() failure path, decrement active_num_conn gated on server_conf.max_connections. Repro details: with the patch reverted, forced alloc_transport() NULL returns leaked counter slots and subsequent connection attempts -- including legitimate connects issued after the forced-fail window had closed -- were all rejected with "Limit the maximum number of connections". With this patch applied, the same connect sequence produces no rejections and the counter cycles cleanly between zero and one on every accept.

CVE-2026-46070. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid5: validate payload size before accessing journal metadata r5c_recovery_analyze_meta_block() and r5l_recovery_verify_data_checksum_for_mb() iterate over payloads in a journal metadata block using on-disk payload size fields without validating them against the remaining space in the metadata block. A corrupted journal contains payload sizes extending beyond the PAGE_SIZE boundary can cause out-of-bounds reads when accessing payload fields or computing offsets. Add bounds validation for each payload type to ensure the full payload fits within meta_size before processing.

CVE-2026-43071. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dcache: Limit the minimal number of bucket to two There is an OOB read problem on dentry_hashtable when user sets 'dhash_entries=1': BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff888b30b774b0 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI RIP: 0010:__d_lookup+0x56/0x120 Call Trace: d_lookup.cold+0x16/0x5d lookup_dcache+0x27/0xf0 lookup_one_qstr_excl+0x2a/0x180 start_dirop+0x55/0xa0 simple_start_creating+0x8d/0xa0 debugfs_start_creating+0x8c/0x180 debugfs_create_dir+0x1d/0x1c0 pinctrl_init+0x6d/0x140 do_one_initcall+0x6d/0x3d0 kernel_init_freeable+0x39f/0x460 kernel_init+0x2a/0x260 There will be only one bucket in dentry_hashtable when dhash_entries is set as one, and d_hash_shift is calculated as 32 by dcache_init(). Then, following process will access more than one buckets(which memory region is not allocated) in dentry_hashtable: d_lookup b = d_hash(hash) dentry_hashtable + ((u32)hashlen >> d_hash_shift) // The C standard defines the behavior of right shift amounts // exceeding the bit width of the operand as undefined. The // result of '(u32)hashlen >> d_hash_shift' becomes 'hashlen', // so 'b' will point to an unallocated memory region. hlist_bl_for_each_entry_rcu(b) hlist_bl_first_rcu(head) h->first // read OOB! Fix it by limiting the minimal number of dentry_hashtable bucket to two, so that 'd_hash_shift' won't exceeds the bit width of type u32.

CVE-2026-46069. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mwifiex: fix use-after-free in mwifiex_adapter_cleanup() The mwifiex_adapter_cleanup() function uses timer_delete() (non-synchronous) for the wakeup_timer before the adapter structure is freed. This is incorrect because timer_delete() does not wait for any running timer callback to complete. If the wakeup_timer callback (wakeup_timer_fn) is executing when mwifiex_adapter_cleanup() is called, the callback will continue to access adapter fields (adapter->hw_status, adapter->if_ops.card_reset, etc.) which may be freed by mwifiex_free_adapter() called later in the mwifiex_remove_card() path. Use timer_delete_sync() instead to ensure any running timer callback has completed before returning.

CVE-2026-45836. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_get_sndtimeo_cb() Add the same NULL guard already present in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() and l2cap_sock_ready_cb().

CVE-2026-43074. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: eventpoll: defer struct eventpoll free to RCU grace period In certain situations, ep_free() in eventpoll.c will kfree the epi->ep eventpoll struct while it still being used by another concurrent thread. Defer the kfree() to an RCU callback to prevent UAF.

CVE-2026-46037. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: icmp: validate reply type before using icmp_pointers Extended echo replies use ICMP_EXT_ECHOREPLY as the outbound reply type. That value is outside the range covered by icmp_pointers[], which only describes the traditional ICMP types up to NR_ICMP_TYPES. Avoid consulting icmp_pointers[] for reply types outside that range, and use array_index_nospec() for the remaining in-range lookup. Normal ICMP replies keep their existing behavior unchanged.

CVE-2026-46065. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: defio: Disconnect deferred I/O from the lifetime of struct fb_info Hold state of deferred I/O in struct fb_deferred_io_state. Allocate an instance as part of initializing deferred I/O and remove it only after the final mapping has been closed. If the fb_info and the contained deferred I/O meanwhile goes away, clear struct fb_deferred_io_state.info to invalidate the mapping. Any access will then result in a SIGBUS signal. Fixes a long-standing problem, where a device hot-unplug happens while user space still has an active mapping of the graphics memory. The hot- unplug frees the instance of struct fb_info. Accessing the memory will operate on undefined state.

CVE-2026-46102. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: strparser: fix skb_head leak in strp_abort_strp() When the stream parser is aborted, for example after a message assembly timeout, it can still hold a reference to a partially assembled message in strp->skb_head. That skb is not released in strp_abort_strp(), which leaks the partially assembled message and can be triggered repeatedly to exhaust memory. Fix this by freeing strp->skb_head and resetting the parser state in the abort path. Leave strp_stop() unchanged so final cleanup still happens in strp_done() after the work and timer have been synchronized.

CVE-2026-46092. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtw88: check for PCI upstream bridge existence pci_upstream_bridge() returns NULL if the device is on a root bus. If 8821CE is installed in the system with such a PCI topology, the probing routine will crash. This has probably been unnoticed as 8821CE is mostly supplied in laptops where there is a PCI-to-PCI bridge located upstream from the device. However the card might be installed on a system with different configuration. Check if the bridge does exist for the specific workaround to be applied. Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Svace static analysis tool.

CVE-2026-46195. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: validate dacloffset before building DACL pointers parse_sec_desc(), build_sec_desc(), and the chown path in id_mode_to_cifs_acl() all add the server-supplied dacloffset to pntsd before proving a DACL header fits inside the returned security descriptor. On 32-bit builds a malicious server can return dacloffset near U32_MAX, wrap the derived DACL pointer below end_of_acl, and then slip past the later pointer-based bounds checks. build_sec_desc() and id_mode_to_cifs_acl() can then dereference DACL fields from the wrapped pointer in the chmod/chown rewrite paths. Validate dacloffset numerically before building any DACL pointer and reuse the same helper at the three DACL entry points.

CVE-2026-46022. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: misc: ibmasm: fix OOB MMIO read in ibmasm_handle_mouse_interrupt() ibmasm_handle_mouse_interrupt() performs an out-of-bounds MMIO read when the queue reader or writer index from hardware exceeds REMOTE_QUEUE_SIZE (60). A compromised service processor can trigger this by writing an out-of-range value to the reader or writer MMIO register before asserting an interrupt. Since writer is re-read from hardware on every loop iteration, it can also be set to an out-of-range value after the loop has already started. The root cause is that get_queue_reader() and get_queue_writer() return raw readl() values that are passed directly into get_queue_entry(), which computes: queue_begin + reader * sizeof(struct remote_input) with no bounds check. This unchecked MMIO address is then passed to memcpy_fromio(), reading 8 bytes from unintended device registers. For sufficiently large values the address falls outside the PCI BAR mapping entirely, triggering a machine check exception. Fix by checking both indices against REMOTE_QUEUE_SIZE at the top of the loop body, before any call to get_queue_entry(). On an out-of-range value, reset the reader register to 0 via set_queue_reader() before breaking, so that normal queue operation can resume if the corrupted hardware state is transient.

CVE-2026-46177. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi: Add limits to event and receive message requests The driver would just fetch events and receive messages until the BMC said it was done. To avoid issues with BMCs that never say they are done, add a limit of 10 fetches at a time. In addition, an si interface has an attn state it can return from the hardware which is supposed to cause a flag fetch to see if the driver needs to fetch events or message or a few other things. If the attn bit gets stuck, it's a similar problem. So allow messages in between flag fetches so the driver itself doesn't get stuck. This is a more general fix than the previous fix for the specific bad BMC, but should fix the more general issue of a BMC that won't stop saying it has data. This has been there from the beginning of the driver. It's not a bug per-se, but it is accounting for bugs in BMCs.

CVE-2026-46044. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi:ssif: Clean up kthread on errors If an error occurs after the ssif kthread is created, but before the main IPMI code starts the ssif interface, the ssif kthread will not be stopped. So make sure the kthread is stopped on an error condition if it is running.

CVE-2026-46191. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbcon: Avoid OOB font access if console rotation fails Clear the font buffer if the reallocation during console rotation fails in fbcon_rotate_font(). The putcs implementations for the rotated buffer will return early in this case. See [1] for an example. Currently, fbcon_rotate_font() keeps the old buffer, which is too small for the rotated font. Printing to the rotated console with a high-enough character code will overflow the font buffer. v2: - fix typos in commit message

CVE-2026-46146. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Avoid potential endless loop in convert_chmap_v3() The convert_chmap_v3() has a loop with its increment size of cs_desc->wLength, but we forgot to validate cs_desc->wLength itself, which may lead to potential endless loop by a malformed descriptor. Add a proper size check to abort the loop for plugging the hole.

CVE-2026-46033. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: authencesn - reject short ahash digests during instance creation authencesn requires either a zero authsize or an authsize of at least 4 bytes because the ESN encrypt/decrypt paths always move 4 bytes of high-order sequence number data at the end of the authenticated data. While crypto_authenc_esn_setauthsize() already rejects explicit non-zero authsizes in the range 1..3, crypto_authenc_esn_create() still copied auth->digestsize into inst->alg.maxauthsize without validating it. The AEAD core then initialized the tfm's default authsize from that value. As a result, selecting an ahash with digest size 1..3, such as cbcmac(cipher_null), exposed authencesn instances whose default authsize was invalid even though setauthsize() would have rejected the same value. AF_ALG could then trigger the ESN tail handling with a too-short tag and hit an out-of-bounds access. Reject authencesn instances whose ahash digest size is in the invalid non-zero range 1..3 so that no tfm can inherit an unsupported default authsize.

CVE-2026-43093. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xsk: tighten UMEM headroom validation to account for tailroom and min frame The current headroom validation in xdp_umem_reg() could leave us with insufficient space dedicated to even receive minimum-sized ethernet frame. Furthermore if multi-buffer would come to play then skb_shared_info stored at the end of XSK frame would be corrupted. HW typically works with 128-aligned sizes so let us provide this value as bare minimum. Multi-buffer setting is known later in the configuration process so besides accounting for 128 bytes, let us also take care of tailroom space upfront.

CVE-2026-43110. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events brcmf_fweh_handle_if_event() validates the firmware-provided interface index before it touches drvr->iflist[], but it still uses the raw bsscfgidx field as an array index without a matching range check. Reject IF events whose bsscfg index does not fit in drvr->iflist[] before indexing the interface array. [add missing wifi prefix]

CVE-2026-46165. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: vport: fix self-deadlock on release of tunnel ports vports are used concurrently and protected by RCU, so netdev_put() must happen after the RCU grace period. So, either in an RCU call or after the synchronize_net(). The rtnl_delete_link() must happen under RTNL and so can't be executed in RCU context. Calling synchronize_net() while holding RTNL is not a good idea for performance and system stability under load in general, so calling netdev_put() in RCU call is the right solution here. However, when the device is deleted, rtnl_unlock() will call netdev_run_todo() and block until all the references are gone. In the current code this means that we never reach the call_rcu() and the vport is never freed and the reference is never released, causing a self-deadlock on device removal. Fix that by moving the rcu_call() before the rtnl_unlock(), so the scheduled RCU callback will be executed when synchronize_net() is called from the rtnl_unlock()->netdev_run_todo() while the RTNL itself is already released.

CVE-2026-46056. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_event: fix potential UAF in SSP passkey handlers hci_conn lookup and field access must be covered by hdev lock in hci_user_passkey_notify_evt() and hci_keypress_notify_evt(), otherwise the connection can be freed concurrently. Extend the hci_dev_lock critical section to cover all conn usage in both handlers. Keep the existing keypress notification behavior unchanged by routing the early exits through a common unlock path.

CVE-2026-46110. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: stmmac: Prevent NULL deref when RX memory exhausted The CPU receives frames from the MAC through conventional DMA: the CPU allocates buffers for the MAC, then the MAC fills them and returns ownership to the CPU. For each hardware RX queue, the CPU and MAC coordinate through a shared ring array of DMA descriptors: one descriptor per DMA buffer. Each descriptor includes the buffer's physical address and a status flag ("OWN") indicating which side owns the buffer: OWN=0 for CPU, OWN=1 for MAC. The CPU is only allowed to set the flag and the MAC is only allowed to clear it, and both must move through the ring in sequence: thus the ring is used for both "submissions" and "completions." In the stmmac driver, stmmac_rx() bookmarks its position in the ring with the `cur_rx` index. The main receive loop in that function checks for rx_descs[cur_rx].own=0, gives the corresponding buffer to the network stack (NULLing the pointer), and increments `cur_rx` modulo the ring size. After the loop exits, stmmac_rx_refill(), which bookmarks its position with `dirty_rx`, allocates fresh buffers and rearms the descriptors (setting OWN=1). If it fails any allocation, it simply stops early (leaving OWN=0) and will retry where it left off when next called. This means descriptors have a three-stage lifecycle (terms my own): - `empty` (OWN=1, buffer valid) - `full` (OWN=0, buffer valid and populated) - `dirty` (OWN=0, buffer NULL) But because stmmac_rx() only checks OWN, it confuses `full`/`dirty`. In the past (see 'Fixes:'), there was a bug where the loop could cycle `cur_rx` all the way back to the first descriptor it dirtied, resulting in a NULL dereference when mistaken for `full`. The aforementioned commit resolved that *specific* failure by capping the loop's iteration limit at `dma_rx_size - 1`, but this is only a partial fix: if the previous stmmac_rx_refill() didn't complete, then there are leftover `dirty` descriptors that the loop might encounter without needing to cycle fully around. The current code therefore panics (see 'Closes:') when stmmac_rx_refill() is memory-starved long enough for `cur_rx` to catch up to `dirty_rx`. Fix this by explicitly checking, before advancing `cur_rx`, if the next entry is dirty; exit the loop if so. This prevents processing of the final, used descriptor until stmmac_rx_refill() succeeds, but fully prevents the `cur_rx == dirty_rx` ambiguity as the previous bugfix intended: so remove the clamp as well. Since stmmac_rx_zc() is a copy-paste-and-tweak of stmmac_rx() and the code structure is identical, any fix to stmmac_rx() will also need a corresponding fix for stmmac_rx_zc(). Therefore, apply the same check there. In stmmac_rx() (not stmmac_rx_zc()), a related bug remains: after the MAC sets OWN=0 on the final descriptor, it will be unable to send any further DMA-complete IRQs until it's given more `empty` descriptors. Currently, the driver simply *hopes* that the next stmmac_rx_refill() succeeds, risking an indefinite stall of the receive process if not. But this is not a regression, so it can be addressed in a future change.

CVE-2026-46086. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: bridge: use a stable FDB dst snapshot in RCU readers Local FDB entries can be rewritten in place by `fdb_delete_local()`, which updates `f->dst` to another port or to `NULL` while keeping the entry alive. Several bridge RCU readers inspect `f->dst`, including `br_fdb_fillbuf()` through the `brforward_read()` sysfs path. These readers currently load `f->dst` multiple times and can therefore observe inconsistent values across the check and later dereference. In `br_fdb_fillbuf()`, this means a concurrent local-FDB update can change `f->dst` after the NULL check and before the `port_no` dereference, leading to a NULL-ptr-deref. Fix this by taking a single `READ_ONCE()` snapshot of `f->dst` in each affected RCU reader and using that snapshot for the rest of the access sequence. Also publish the in-place `f->dst` updates in `fdb_delete_local()` with `WRITE_ONCE()` so the readers and writer use matching access patterns.

CVE-2026-45850. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipvs: skip ipv6 extension headers for csum checks Protocol checksum validation fails for IPv6 if there are extension headers before the protocol header. iph->len already contains its offset, so use it to fix the problem.

CVE-2026-46116. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete KASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()'s hlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable (reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on torvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster in the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net Call Trace: __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu __xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_flush xfrm_state_fini ops_exit_list cleanup_net The other observed signatures hit the same slab object from __xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB write variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi hash chains. __xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with value-based predicates: if (x->km.seq) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byseq); if (x->id.spi) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byspi); while everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input) the safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets x->id.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts into byspi, but a path that observes x->id.spi != 0 outside of xfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently with whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x->km.seq versus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all, so a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through LIST_POISON pprev. The defensive change here: - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst, bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc(). - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than mutable scalar fields. Empirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt, and re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy configuration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free Read in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in __xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at ~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo confirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during the run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those code paths -- they just no longer crash. Reproduction: - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state lifecycle

CVE-2026-46064. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ibmasm: fix heap over-read in ibmasm_send_i2o_message() The ibmasm_send_i2o_message() function uses get_dot_command_size() to compute the byte count for memcpy_toio(), but this value is derived from user-controlled fields in the dot_command_header (command_size: u8, data_size: u16) and is never validated against the actual allocation size. A root user can write a small buffer with inflated header fields, causing memcpy_toio() to read up to ~65 KB past the end of the allocation into adjacent kernel heap, which is then forwarded to the service processor over MMIO. Silently clamping the copy size is not sufficient: if the header fields claim a larger size than the buffer, the SP receives a dot command whose own header is inconsistent with the I2O message length, which can cause the SP to desynchronize. Reject such commands outright by returning failure. Validate command_size before calling get_mfa_inbound() to avoid leaking an I2O message frame: reading INBOUND_QUEUE_PORT dequeues a hardware frame from the controller's free pool, and returning without a corresponding set_mfa_inbound() call would permanently exhaust it. Additionally, clamp command_size to I2O_COMMAND_SIZE before the memcpy_toio() so the MMIO write stays within the I2O message frame, consistent with the clamping already performed by outgoing_message_size() for the header field.

CVE-2026-43503. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers Two frag-transfer helpers (__pskb_copy_fclone() and skb_shift()) fail to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG bit in skb_shinfo()->flags when moving frags from source to destination. __pskb_copy_fclone() defers the rest of the shinfo metadata to skb_copy_header() after copying frag descriptors, but that helper only carries over gso_{size,segs, type} and never touches skb_shinfo()->flags; skb_shift() moves frag descriptors directly and leaves flags untouched. As a result, the destination skb keeps a reference to the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed pages while reporting skb_has_shared_frag() as false. The mismatch is harmful in any in-place writer that uses skb_has_shared_frag() to decide whether shared pages must be detoured through skb_cow_data(). ESP input is one such writer (esp4.c, esp6.c), and a single nft 'dup to <local>' rule -- or any other nf_dup_ipv4() / xt_TEE caller -- is enough to land a pskb_copy()'d skb in esp_input() with the marker stripped, letting an unprivileged user write into the page cache of a root-owned read-only file via authencesn-ESN stray writes. Set SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG on the destination whenever frag descriptors were actually moved from the source. skb_copy() and skb_copy_expand() share skb_copy_header() too but linearize all paged data into freshly allocated head storage and emerge with nr_frags == 0, so skb_has_shared_frag() returns false on its own; they need no change. The same omission exists in skb_gro_receive() and skb_gro_receive_list(). The former moves the incoming skb's frag descriptors into the accumulator's last sub-skb via two paths (a direct frag-move loop and the head_frag + memcpy path); the latter chains the incoming skb whole onto p's frag_list. Downstream skb_segment() reads only skb_shinfo(p)->flags, and skb_segment_list() reuses each sub-skb's shinfo as the nskb -- both p and lp must carry the marker. The same omission also exists in tcp_clone_payload(), which builds an MTU probe skb by moving frag descriptors from skbs on sk_write_queue into a freshly allocated nskb. The helper falls into the same family and warrants the same fix for consistency; no TCP TX-side in-place writer is currently known to reach a user page through this gap, but a future consumer depending on the marker would regress silently. The same omission exists in skb_segment(): the per-iteration flag merge takes only head_skb's flag, and the inner switch that rebinds frag_skb to list_skb on head_skb-frags exhaustion does not fold the new frag_skb's flag into nskb. Fold frag_skb's flag at both sites so segments drawing frags from frag_list members carry the marker.

CVE-2026-46003. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: ns: Limit the total number of nodes Currently, the nameserver doesn't limit the number of nodes it handles. This can be an attack vector if a malicious client starts registering random nodes, leading to memory exhaustion. Hence, limit the maximum number of nodes to 64. Note that, limit of 64 is chosen based on the current platform requirements. If requirement changes in the future, this limit can be increased.

CVE-2026-46185. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb/client: fix out-of-bounds read in symlink_data() Since smb2_check_message() returns success without length validation for the symlink error response, in symlink_data() it is possible for iov->iov_len to be smaller than sizeof(struct smb2_err_rsp). If the buffer only contains the base SMB2 header (64 bytes), accessing err->ErrorContextCount (at offset 66) or err->ByteCount later in symlink_data() will cause an out-of-bounds read.

CVE-2026-46122. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: b43: enforce bounds check on firmware key index in b43_rx() The firmware-controlled key index in b43_rx() can exceed the dev->key[] array size (58 entries). The existing B43_WARN_ON is non-enforcing in production builds, allowing an out-of-bounds read. Make the B43_WARN_ON check enforcing by dropping the frame when the firmware returns an invalid key index.

CVE-2026-43112. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/smb/client: fix out-of-bounds read in cifs_sanitize_prepath When cifs_sanitize_prepath is called with an empty string or a string containing only delimiters (e.g., "/"), the current logic attempts to check *(cursor2 - 1) before cursor2 has advanced. This results in an out-of-bounds read. This patch adds an early exit check after stripping prepended delimiters. If no path content remains, the function returns NULL. The bug was identified via manual audit and verified using a standalone test case compiled with AddressSanitizer, which triggered a SEGV on affected inputs.

CVE-2026-31709. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: validate the whole DACL before rewriting it in cifsacl build_sec_desc() and id_mode_to_cifs_acl() derive a DACL pointer from a server-supplied dacloffset and then use the incoming ACL to rebuild the chmod/chown security descriptor. The original fix only checked that the struct smb_acl header fits before reading dacl_ptr->size or dacl_ptr->num_aces. That avoids the immediate header-field OOB read, but the rewrite helpers still walk ACEs based on pdacl->num_aces with no structural validation of the incoming DACL body. A malicious server can return a truncated DACL that still contains a header, claims one or more ACEs, and then drive replace_sids_and_copy_aces() or set_chmod_dacl() past the validated extent while they compare or copy attacker-controlled ACEs. Factor the DACL structural checks into validate_dacl(), extend them to validate each ACE against the DACL bounds, and use the shared validator before the chmod/chown rebuild paths. parse_dacl() reuses the same validator so the read-side parser and write-side rewrite paths agree on what constitutes a well-formed incoming DACL.

CVE-2026-43085. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_log: initialize nfgenmsg in NLMSG_DONE terminator When batching multiple NFLOG messages (inst->qlen > 1), __nfulnl_send() appends an NLMSG_DONE terminator with sizeof(struct nfgenmsg) payload via nlmsg_put(), but never initializes the nfgenmsg bytes. The nlmsg_put() helper only zeroes alignment padding after the payload, not the payload itself, so four bytes of stale kernel heap data are leaked to userspace in the NLMSG_DONE message body. Use nfnl_msg_put() to build the NLMSG_DONE terminator, which initializes the nfgenmsg payload via nfnl_fill_hdr(), consistent with how __build_packet_message() already constructs NFULNL_MSG_PACKET headers.

CVE-2026-46150. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fanotify: fix false positive on permission events fsnotify_get_mark_safe() may return false for a mark on an unrelated group, which results in bypassing the permission check. Fix by skipping over detached marks that are not in the current group.

CVE-2026-45840. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: cap upcall PID array size and pre-size vport replies The vport netlink reply helpers allocate a fixed-size skb with nlmsg_new(NLMSG_DEFAULT_SIZE, ...) but serialize the full upcall PID array via ovs_vport_get_upcall_portids(). Since ovs_vport_set_upcall_portids() accepts any non-zero multiple of sizeof(u32) with no upper bound, a CAP_NET_ADMIN user can install a PID array large enough to overflow the reply buffer, causing nla_put() to fail with -EMSGSIZE and hitting BUG_ON(err < 0). On systems with unprivileged user namespaces enabled (e.g., Ubuntu default), this is reachable via unshare -Urn since OVS vport mutation operations use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM. kernel BUG at net/openvswitch/datapath.c:2414! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 65 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-00195-geb216e422044 #1 RIP: 0010:ovs_vport_cmd_set+0x34c/0x400 Call Trace: <TASK> genl_family_rcv_msg_doit (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1116) genl_rcv_msg (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1194) netlink_rcv_skb (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550) genl_rcv (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1219) netlink_unicast (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344) netlink_sendmsg (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2206) __x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2209) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130) </TASK> Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Reject attempts to set more PIDs than nr_cpu_ids in ovs_vport_set_upcall_portids(), and pre-compute the worst-case reply size in ovs_vport_cmd_msg_size() based on that bound, similar to the existing ovs_dp_cmd_msg_size(). nr_cpu_ids matches the cap already used by the per-CPU dispatch configuration on the datapath side (ovs_dp_cmd_fill_info() serialises at most nr_cpu_ids PIDs), so the two sides stay consistent.

CVE-2026-46128. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi: Check event message buffer response for bad data The event message buffer response data size got checked later when processing, but check it right after the response comes back. It appears some BMCs may return an empty message instead of an error when fetching events. There are apparently some new BMCs that make this error, so we need to compensate.

CVE-2026-46124. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: isofs: validate block number from NFS file handle in isofs_export_iget isofs_fh_to_dentry() and isofs_fh_to_parent() pass an attacker- controlled block number (ifid->block or ifid->parent_block) from the NFS file handle to isofs_export_iget(), which only rejects block == 0 before calling isofs_iget() and ultimately sb_bread(). A crafted file handle with fh_len sufficient to pass the check added by commit 0405d4b63d08 ("isofs: Prevent the use of too small fid") can still drive the server to read any in-range block on the backing device as if it were an iso_directory_record. That earlier fix was assigned CVE-2025-37780. sb_bread() on an out-of-range block returns NULL cleanly via the EIO path, so there is no memory-safety violation. For in-range reads of adjacent-partition data on the same block device, the unrelated bytes end up in iso_inode_info fields that reach the NFS client as dentry metadata. The deployment surface (isofs exported over NFS from loop-mounted images) is narrow and requires an authenticated NFS peer, but the malformed-file-handle class is reportable as hardening next to the existing CVE-2025-37780 fix. Reject block >= ISOFS_SB(sb)->s_nzones in isofs_export_iget() so the check covers both isofs_fh_to_dentry() and isofs_fh_to_parent() call sites with a single line.

CVE-2026-46168. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: fix scheduling with atomic in timestamp sockopt Using lock_sock_fast() (atomic context) around sock_set_timestamp() and sock_set_timestamping() is unsafe, as both helpers can sleep. Replace lock_sock_fast() with sleepable lock_sock()/release_sock() to avoid scheduling while atomic panic.

CVE-2026-46125. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: remove station if connection prep fails If connection preparation fails for MLO connections, then the interface is completely reset to non-MLD. In this case, we must not keep the station since it's related to the link of the vif being removed. Delete an existing station. Any "new_sta" is already being removed, so that doesn't need changes. This fixes a use-after-free/double-free in debugfs if that's enabled, because a vif going from MLD (and to MLD, but that's not relevant here) recreates its entire debugfs.

CVE-2026-45834. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_state_change_cb() Add the same NULL guard already present in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() and l2cap_sock_ready_cb().

CVE-2026-46187. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rsi: fix kthread lifetime race between self-exit and external-stop RSI driver use both self-exit(kthread_complete_and_exit) and external-stop (kthread_stop) when killing a kthread. Generally, kthread_stop() is called first, and in this case, no particular issues occur. However, in rare instances where kthread_complete_and_exit() is called first and then kthread_stop() is called, a UAF occurs because the kthread object, which has already exited and been freed, is accessed again. Therefore, to prevent this with minimal modification, you must remove kthread_stop() and change the code to wait until the self-exit operation is completed.

CVE-2026-46149. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: configfs: Bound snprintf() return in tg_pt_gp_members_show() target_tg_pt_gp_members_show() formats LUN paths with snprintf() into a 256-byte stack buffer, then will memcpy() cur_len bytes from that buffer. snprintf() returns the length the output would have had, which can exceed the buffer size when the fabric WWN is long because iSCSI IQN names can be up to 223 bytes. The check at the memcpy() site only guards the destination page write, not the source read, so memcpy() will read past the stack buffer and copy adjacent stack contents to the sysfs reader, which when CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE is enabled, fortify_panic() will be triggered. Commit 27e06650a5ea ("scsi: target: target_core_configfs: Add length check to avoid buffer overflow") added the same bound to the target_lu_gp_members_show() but the tg_pt_gp variant was missed so resolve that here.

CVE-2026-46173. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: exit: prevent preemption of oopsing TASK_DEAD task When an already-exiting task oopses, make_task_dead() currently calls do_task_dead() with preemption enabled. That is forbidden: do_task_dead() calls __schedule(), which has a comment saying "WARNING: must be called with preemption disabled!". If an oopsing task is preempted in do_task_dead(), between becoming TASK_DEAD and entering the scheduler explicitly, bad things happen: finish_task_switch() assumes that once the scheduler has switched away from a TASK_DEAD task, the task can never run again and its stack is no longer needed; but that assumption apparently doesn't hold if the dead task was preempted (the SM_PREEMPT case). This means that the scheduler ends up repeatedly dropping references on the dead task's stack, which can lead to use-after-free or double-free of the entire task stack; in other words, two tasks can end up running on the same stack, resulting in various kinds of memory corruption. (This does not just affect "recursively oopsing" tasks; it is enough to oops once during task exit, for example in a file_operations::release handler)

CVE-2026-46163. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: b43legacy: enforce bounds check on firmware key index in RX path Same fix as b43: the firmware-controlled key index in b43legacy_rx() can exceed dev->max_nr_keys. The existing B43legacy_WARN_ON is non-enforcing in production builds, allowing an out-of-bounds read of dev->key[]. Make the check enforcing by dropping the frame for invalid indices.

CVE-2026-43499. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rtmutex: Use waiter::task instead of current in remove_waiter() remove_waiter() is used by the slowlock paths, but it is also used for proxy-lock rollback in rt_mutex_start_proxy_lock() when invoked from futex_requeue(). In the latter case waiter::task is not current, but remove_waiter() operates on current for the dequeue operation. That results in several problems: 1) the rbtree dequeue happens without waiter::task::pi_lock being held 2) the waiter task's pi_blocked_on state is not cleared, which leaves a dangling pointer primed for UAF around. 3) rt_mutex_adjust_prio_chain() operates on the wrong top priority waiter task Use waiter::task instead of current in all related operations in remove_waiter() to cure those problems. [ tglx: Fixup rt_mutex_adjust_prio_chain(), add a comment and amend the changelog ]

CVE-2026-46159. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix btrfs_ioctl_space_info() slot_count TOCTOU which can lead to info-leak btrfs_ioctl_space_info() has a TOCTOU race between two passes over the block group RAID type lists. The first pass counts entries to determine the allocation size, then the second pass fills the buffer. The groups_sem rwlock is released between passes, allowing concurrent block group removal to reduce the entry count. When the second pass fills fewer entries than the first pass counted, copy_to_user() copies the full alloc_size bytes including trailing uninitialized kmalloc bytes to userspace. Fix by copying only total_spaces entries (the actually-filled count from the second pass) instead of alloc_size bytes, and switch to kzalloc so any future copy size mismatch cannot leak heap data.

CVE-2026-43052. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: check tdls flag in ieee80211_tdls_oper When NL80211_TDLS_ENABLE_LINK is called, the code only checks if the station exists but not whether it is actually a TDLS station. This allows the operation to proceed for non-TDLS stations, causing unintended side effects like modifying channel context and HT protection before failing. Add a check for sta->sta.tdls early in the ENABLE_LINK case, before any side effects occur, to ensure the operation is only allowed for actual TDLS peers.

CVE-2026-46088. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: control: Validate buf_len before strnlen() in snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names() snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names() advances pointer p through the names buffer while decrementing buf_len. If buf_len reaches zero but items remain, the next iteration calls strnlen(p, 0). While strnlen(p, 0) returns 0 and would hit the existing name_len == 0 error path, CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE's fortified strnlen() first checks maxlen against __builtin_dynamic_object_size(). When Clang loses track of p's object size inside the loop, this triggers a BRK exception panic before the return value is examined. Add a buf_len == 0 guard at the loop entry to prevent calling fortified strnlen() on an exhausted buffer. Found by kernel fuzz testing through Xiaomi Smartphone.

CVE-2026-46051. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid5: fix soft lockup in retry_aligned_read() When retry_aligned_read() encounters an overlapped stripe, it releases the stripe via raid5_release_stripe() which puts it on the lockless released_stripes llist. In the next raid5d loop iteration, release_stripe_list() drains the stripe onto handle_list (since STRIPE_HANDLE is set by the original IO), but retry_aligned_read() runs before handle_active_stripes() and removes the stripe from handle_list via find_get_stripe() -> list_del_init(). This prevents handle_stripe() from ever processing the stripe to resolve the overlap, causing an infinite loop and soft lockup. Fix this by using __release_stripe() with temp_inactive_list instead of raid5_release_stripe() in the failure path, so the stripe does not go through the released_stripes llist. This allows raid5d to break out of its loop, and the overlap will be resolved when the stripe is eventually processed by handle_stripe().

CVE-2026-46137. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: pm: ADD_ADDR rtx: fix potential data-race This mptcp_pm_add_timer() helper is executed as a timer callback in softirq context. To avoid any data races, the socket lock needs to be held with bh_lock_sock(). If the socket is in use, retry again soon after, similar to what is done with the keepalive timer.

CVE-2026-46172. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: xfrm6: release dst on error in xfrm6_rcv_encap() xfrm6_rcv_encap() performs an IPv6 route lookup when the skb does not already have a dst attached. ip6_route_input_lookup() returns a referenced dst entry even when the lookup resolves to an error route. If dst->error is set, xfrm6_rcv_encap() drops the skb without attaching the dst to the skb and without releasing the reference returned by the lookup. Repeated packets hitting this path therefore leak dst entries. Release the dst before jumping to the drop path.

CVE-2026-43303. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/page_alloc: clear page->private in free_pages_prepare() Several subsystems (slub, shmem, ttm, etc.) use page->private but don't clear it before freeing pages. When these pages are later allocated as high-order pages and split via split_page(), tail pages retain stale page->private values. This causes a use-after-free in the swap subsystem. The swap code uses page->private to track swap count continuations, assuming freshly allocated pages have page->private == 0. When stale values are present, swap_count_continued() incorrectly assumes the continuation list is valid and iterates over uninitialized page->lru containing LIST_POISON values, causing a crash: KASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0xdead000000000100-0xdead000000000107] RIP: 0010:__do_sys_swapoff+0x1151/0x1860 Fix this by clearing page->private in free_pages_prepare(), ensuring all freed pages have clean state regardless of previous use.

CVE-2026-46193. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: ah: account for ESN high bits in async callbacks AH allocates its temporary auth/ICV layout differently when ESN is enabled: the async ahash setup appends a 4-byte seqhi slot before the ICV or auth_data area, but the async completion callbacks still reconstruct the temporary layout as if seqhi were absent. With an async AH implementation selected, that makes AH copy or compare the wrong bytes on both the IPv4 and IPv6 paths. In UML repro on IPv4 AH with ESN and forced async hmac(sha1), ping fails with 100% packet loss, and the callback logs show the pre-fix drift: ah4 output_done: esn=1 err=0 icv_off=20 expected_off=24 ah4 input_done: esn=1 auth_off=20 expected_auth_off=24 icv_off=32 expected_icv_off=36 Reconstruct the callback-side layout the same way the setup path built it by skipping the ESN seqhi slot before locating the saved auth_data or ICV. Per RFC 4302, the ESN high-order 32 bits participate in the AH ICV computation, so the async callbacks must account for the seqhi slot. Post-fix, the same IPv4 AH+ESN+forced-async-hmac(sha1) UML repro shows the corrected offset (ah4 output_done: esn=1 err=0 icv_off=24 expected_off=24) and ping succeeds; net/ipv4/ah4.o and net/ipv6/ah6.o build clean at W=1. IPv6 AH+ESN was not exercised at runtime, and the change has not been tested against a real async hardware AH engine.

CVE-2026-46018. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: stop parsing UAC2 rates at MAX_NR_RATES parse_uac2_sample_rate_range() caps the number of enumerated rates at MAX_NR_RATES, but it only breaks out of the current rate loop. A malformed UAC2 RANGE response with additional triplets continues parsing the remaining triplets and repeatedly prints "invalid uac2 rates" while probe still holds register_mutex. Stop the whole parse once the cap is reached and return the number of rates collected so far.

CVE-2026-46015. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: call sk_data_ready() after listener migration When inet_csk_listen_stop() migrates an established child socket from a closing listener to another socket in the same SO_REUSEPORT group, the target listener gets a new accept-queue entry via inet_csk_reqsk_queue_add(), but that path never notifies the target listener's waiters. A nonblocking accept() still works because it checks the queue directly, but poll()/epoll_wait() waiters and blocking accept() callers can also remain asleep indefinitely. Call READ_ONCE(nsk->sk_data_ready)(nsk) after a successful migration in inet_csk_listen_stop(). However, after inet_csk_reqsk_queue_add() succeeds, the ref acquired in reuseport_migrate_sock() is effectively transferred to nreq->rsk_listener. Another CPU can then dequeue nreq via accept() or listener shutdown, hit reqsk_put(), and drop that listener ref. Since listeners are SOCK_RCU_FREE, wrap the post-queue_add() dereferences of nsk in rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock(), which also covers the existing sock_net(nsk) access in that path. The reqsk_timer_handler() path does not need the same changes for two reasons: half-open requests become readable only after the final ACK, where tcp_child_process() already wakes the listener; and once nreq is visible via inet_ehash_insert(), the success path no longer touches nsk directly.

CVE-2026-45839. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec() CO-RE accessor strings are colon-separated indices that describe a path from a root BTF type to a target field, e.g. "0:1:2" walks through nested struct members. bpf_core_parse_spec() parses each component with sscanf("%d"), so negative values like -1 are silently accepted. The subsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the upper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer promotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the comparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N. When -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff, producing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted BPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in vmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically during BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y (default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full) RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354) RAX: 00000000ffffffff Call Trace: <TASK> bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321) bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507) check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475) bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031) bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089) __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228) </TASK> CO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index, array element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately after parsing.

CVE-2026-43496. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: sch_red: Replace direct dequeue call with peek and qdisc_dequeue_peeked When red qdisc has children (eg qfq qdisc) whose peek() callback is qdisc_peek_dequeued(), we could get a kernel panic. When the parent of such qdiscs (eg illustrated in patch #3 as tbf) wants to retrieve an skb from its child (red in this case), it will do the following: 1a. do a peek() - and when sensing there's an skb the child can offer, then - the child in this case(red) calls its child's (qfq) peek. qfq does the right thing and will return the gso_skb queue packet. Note: if there wasnt a gso_skb entry then qfq will store it there. 1b. invoke a dequeue() on the child (red). And herein lies the problem. - red will call the child's dequeue() which will essentially just try to grab something of qfq's queue. [ 78.667668][ T363] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000048-0x000000000000004f] [ 78.667927][ T363] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 363 Comm: ping Not tainted 7.1.0-rc1-00033-g46f74a3f7d57-dirty #790 PREEMPT(full) [ 78.668263][ T363] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011 [ 78.668486][ T363] RIP: 0010:qfq_dequeue+0x446/0xc90 [sch_qfq] [ 78.668718][ T363] Code: 54 c0 e8 dd 90 00 f1 48 c7 c7 e0 03 54 c0 48 89 de e8 ce 90 00 f1 48 8d 7b 48 b8 ff ff 37 00 48 89 fa 48 c1 e0 2a 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 74 05 e8 ef a1 e1 f1 48 8b 7b 48 48 8d 54 24 58 48 8d [ 78.669312][ T363] RSP: 0018:ffff88810de573e0 EFLAGS: 00010216 [ 78.669533][ T363] RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 78.669790][ T363] RDX: 0000000000000009 RSI: 0000000000000004 RDI: 0000000000000048 [ 78.670044][ T363] RBP: ffff888110dc4000 R08: ffffffffb1b0885a R09: fffffbfff6ba9078 [ 78.670297][ T363] R10: 0000000000000003 R11: ffff888110e31c80 R12: 0000001880000000 [ 78.670560][ T363] R13: ffff888110dc4150 R14: ffff888110dc42b8 R15: 0000000000000200 [ 78.670814][ T363] FS: 00007f66a8f09c40(0000) GS:ffff888163428000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 78.671110][ T363] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 78.671324][ T363] CR2: 000055db4c6a30a8 CR3: 000000010da67000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0 [ 78.671585][ T363] PKRU: 55555554 [ 78.671713][ T363] Call Trace: [ 78.671843][ T363] <TASK> [ 78.671936][ T363] ? __pfx_qfq_dequeue+0x10/0x10 [sch_qfq] [ 78.672148][ T363] ? __pfx__printk+0x10/0x10 [ 78.672322][ T363] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 78.672496][ T363] ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0xa8/0x1a0 [ 78.672706][ T363] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 78.672875][ T363] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0x19/0x1a0 [ 78.673047][ T363] red_dequeue+0x65/0x270 [sch_red] [ 78.673217][ T363] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 78.673385][ T363] tbf_dequeue.cold+0xb0/0x70c [sch_tbf] [ 78.673566][ T363] __qdisc_run+0x169/0x1900 The right thing to do in #1b is to grab the skb off gso_skb queue. This patchset fixes that issue by changing #1b to use qdisc_dequeue_peeked() method instead.

CVE-2026-46151. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: usblp: fix heap leak in IEEE 1284 device ID via short response usblp_ctrl_msg() collapses the usb_control_msg() return value to 0/-errno, discarding the actual number of bytes transferred. A broken printer can complete the GET_DEVICE_ID control transfer short and the driver has no way to know. usblp_cache_device_id_string() reads the 2-byte big-endian length prefix from the response and trusts it (clamped only to the buffer bounds). The buffer is kmalloc(1024) at probe time. A device that sends exactly two bytes (e.g. 0x03 0xFF, claiming a 1023-byte ID) leaves device_id_string[2..1022] holding stale kmalloc heap. That stale data is then exposed: - via the ieee1284_id sysfs attribute (sprintf("%s", buf+2), truncated at the first NUL in the stale heap), and - via the IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID ioctl, which copy_to_user()s the full claimed length regardless of NULs, up to 1021 bytes of uninitialized heap, with the leak size chosen by the device. Fix this up by just zapping the buffer with zeros before each request sent to the device.

CVE-2026-46190. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: spi-nor: debugfs: fix out-of-bounds read in spi_nor_params_show() Sashiko noticed an out-of-bounds read [1]. In spi_nor_params_show(), the snor_f_names array is passed to spi_nor_print_flags() using sizeof(snor_f_names). Since snor_f_names is an array of pointers, sizeof() returns the total number of bytes occupied by the pointers (element_count * sizeof(void *)) rather than the element count itself. On 64-bit systems, this makes the passed length 8x larger than intended. Inside spi_nor_print_flags(), the 'names_len' argument is used to bounds-check the 'names' array access. An out-of-bounds read occurs if a flag bit is set that exceeds the array's actual element count but is within the inflated byte-size count. Correct this by using ARRAY_SIZE() to pass the actual number of string pointers in the array.

CVE-2026-46180. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: Fix potential use-after-free issue when stopping watchdog task Watchdog task might end between send_sig() and kthread_stop() calls, what results in the use-after-free issue. Fix this by increasing watchdog task reference count before calling send_sig() and dropping it by switching to kthread_stop_put().

CVE-2026-46136. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7921: fix a potential clc buffer length underflow The buf_len is used to limit the iterations for retrieving the country power setting and may underflow under certain conditions due to changes in the power table in CLC. This underflow leads to an almost infinite loop or an invalid power setting resulting in driver initialization failure.

CVE-2026-45991. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udf: fix partition descriptor append bookkeeping Mounting a crafted UDF image with repeated partition descriptors can trigger a heap out-of-bounds write in part_descs_loc[]. handle_partition_descriptor() deduplicates entries by partition number, but appended slots never record partnum. As a result duplicate Partition Descriptors are appended repeatedly and num_part_descs keeps growing. Once the table is full, the growth path still sizes the allocation from partnum even though inserts are indexed by num_part_descs. If partnum is already aligned to PART_DESC_ALLOC_STEP, ALIGN(partnum, step) can keep the old capacity and the next append writes past the end of the table. Store partnum in the appended slot and size growth from the next append count so deduplication and capacity tracking follow the same model.

CVE-2026-43502. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/rds: handle zerocopy send cleanup before the message is queued A zerocopy send can fail after user pages have been pinned but before the message is attached to the sending socket. The purge path currently infers zerocopy state from rm->m_rs, so an unqueued message can be cleaned up as if it owned normal payload pages. However, zerocopy ownership is really determined by the presence of op_mmp_znotifier, regardless of whether the message has reached the socket queue. Capture op_mmp_znotifier up front in rds_message_purge() and use it as the cleanup discriminator. If the message is already associated with a socket, keep the existing completion path. Otherwise, drop the pinned page accounting directly and release the notifier before putting the payload pages. This keeps early send failure cleanup consistent with the zerocopy lifetime rules without changing the normal queued completion path.

CVE-2026-43089. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm_user: fix info leak in build_mapping() struct xfrm_usersa_id has a one-byte padding hole after the proto field, which ends up never getting set to zero before copying out to userspace. Fix that up by zeroing out the whole structure before setting individual variables.

CVE-2026-43094. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ixgbevf: add missing negotiate_features op to Hyper-V ops table Commit a7075f501bd3 ("ixgbevf: fix mailbox API compatibility by negotiating supported features") added the .negotiate_features callback to ixgbe_mac_operations and populated it in ixgbevf_mac_ops, but forgot to add it to ixgbevf_hv_mac_ops. This leaves the function pointer NULL on Hyper-V VMs. During probe, ixgbevf_negotiate_api() calls ixgbevf_set_features(), which unconditionally dereferences hw->mac.ops.negotiate_features(). On Hyper-V this results in a NULL pointer dereference: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 [...] Hardware name: Microsoft Corporation Virtual Machine/Virtual Machine [...] Workqueue: events work_for_cpu_fn RIP: 0010:0x0 [...] Call Trace: ixgbevf_negotiate_api+0x66/0x160 [ixgbevf] ixgbevf_sw_init+0xe4/0x1f0 [ixgbevf] ixgbevf_probe+0x20f/0x4a0 [ixgbevf] local_pci_probe+0x50/0xa0 work_for_cpu_fn+0x1a/0x30 [...] Add ixgbevf_hv_negotiate_features_vf() that returns -EOPNOTSUPP and wire it into ixgbevf_hv_mac_ops. The caller already handles -EOPNOTSUPP gracefully.

CVE-2026-46107. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-thin: fix metadata refcount underflow There's a bug in dm-thin in the function rebalance_children. If the internal btree node has one entry, the code tries to copy all btree entries from the node's child to the node itself and then decrement the child's reference count. If the child node is shared (it has reference count > 1), we won't free it, so there would be two pointers to each of the grandchildren nodes. But the reference counts of the grandchildren is not increased, thus the reference count doesn't match the number of pointers that point to the grandchildren. This results in "device mapper: space map common: unable to decrement block" errors. Fix this bug by incrementing reference counts on the grandchildren if the btree node is shared.

CVE-2026-43493. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: pcrypt - Fix handling of MAY_BACKLOG requests MAY_BACKLOG requests can return EBUSY. Handle them by checking for that value and filtering out EINPROGRESS notifications.

CVE-2026-43111. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: roccat: fix use-after-free in roccat_report_event roccat_report_event() iterates over the device->readers list without holding the readers_lock. This allows a concurrent roccat_release() to remove and free a reader while it's still being accessed, leading to a use-after-free. Protect the readers list traversal with the readers_lock mutex.

CVE-2026-45844. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: arp_tables: fix IEEE1394 ARP payload parsing Weiming Shi says: "arp_packet_match() unconditionally parses the ARP payload assuming two hardware addresses are present (source and target). However, IPv4-over-IEEE1394 ARP (RFC 2734) omits the target hardware address field, and arp_hdr_len() already accounts for this by returning a shorter length for ARPHRD_IEEE1394 devices. As a result, on IEEE1394 interfaces arp_packet_match() advances past a nonexistent target hardware address and reads the wrong bytes for both the target device address comparison and the target IP address. This causes arptables rules to match against garbage data, leading to incorrect filtering decisions: packets that should be accepted may be dropped and vice versa. The ARP stack in net/ipv4/arp.c (arp_create and arp_process) already handles this correctly by skipping the target hardware address for ARPHRD_IEEE1394. Apply the same pattern to arp_packet_match()." Mangle the original patch to always return 0 (no match) in case user matches on the target hardware address which is never present in IEEE1394. Note that this returns 0 (no match) for either normal and inverse match because matching in the target hardware address in ARPHRD_IEEE1394 has never been supported by arptables. This is intentional, matching on the target hardware address should never evaluate true for ARPHRD_IEEE1394. Moreover, adjust arpt_mangle to drop the packet too as AI suggests: In arpt_mangle, the logic assumes a standard ARP layout. Because IEEE1394 (FireWire) omits the target hardware address, the linear pointer arithmetic miscalculates the offset for the target IP address. This causes mangling operations to write to the wrong location, leading to packet corruption. To ensure safety, this patch drops packets (NF_DROP) when mangling is requested for these fields on IEEE1394 devices, as the current implementation cannot correctly map the FireWire ARP payload. This omits both mangling target hardware and IP address. Even if IP address mangling should be possible in IEEE1394, this would require to adjust arpt_mangle offset calculation, which has never been supported. Based on patch from Weiming Shi <[email protected]>.

CVE-2026-46046. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix missing brelse() in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all() The commit c8e008b60492 ("ext4: ignore xattrs past end") introduced a refcount leak in when block_csum is false. ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all() calls ext4_get_inode_loc() to get iloc.bh, but never releases it with brelse().

CVE-2026-43117. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: tracepoints: get correct superblock from dentry in event btrfs_sync_file() If overlay is used on top of btrfs, dentry->d_sb translates to overlay's super block and fsid assignment will lead to a crash. Use file_inode(file)->i_sb to always get btrfs_sb.

CVE-2026-45841. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_osf: fix divide-by-zero in OSF_WSS_MODULO nf_osf_match_one() computes ctx->window % f->wss.val in the OSF_WSS_MODULO branch with no guard for f->wss.val == 0. A CAP_NET_ADMIN user can add such a fingerprint via nfnetlink; a subsequent matching TCP SYN divides by zero and panics the kernel. Reject the bogus fingerprint in nfnl_osf_add_callback() above the per-option for-loop. f->wss is per-fingerprint, not per-option, so the check must run regardless of f->opt_num (including 0). Also reject wss.wc >= OSF_WSS_MAX; nf_osf_match_one() already treats that as "should not happen". Crash: Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:nf_osf_match_one (net/netfilter/nfnetlink_osf.c:98) Call Trace: <IRQ> nf_osf_match (net/netfilter/nfnetlink_osf.c:220) xt_osf_match_packet (net/netfilter/xt_osf.c:32) ipt_do_table (net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.c:348) nf_hook_slow (net/netfilter/core.c:622) ip_local_deliver (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:265) ip_rcv (include/linux/skbuff.h:1162) __netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:6181) process_backlog (net/core/dev.c:6642) __napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:7710) net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7945) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:622)

CVE-2026-43116. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ctnetlink: ensure safe access to master conntrack Holding reference on the expectation is not sufficient, the master conntrack object can just go away, making exp->master invalid. To access exp->master safely: - Grab the nf_conntrack_expect_lock, this gets serialized with clean_from_lists() which also holds this lock when the master conntrack goes away. - Hold reference on master conntrack via nf_conntrack_find_get(). Not so easy since the master tuple to look up for the master conntrack is not available in the existing problematic paths. This patch goes for extending the nf_conntrack_expect_lock section to address this issue for simplicity, in the cases that are described below this is just slightly extending the lock section. The add expectation command already holds a reference to the master conntrack from ctnetlink_create_expect(). However, the delete expectation command needs to grab the spinlock before looking up for the expectation. Expand the existing spinlock section to address this to cover the expectation lookup. Note that, the nf_ct_expect_iterate_net() calls already grabs the spinlock while iterating over the expectation table, which is correct. The get expectation command needs to grab the spinlock to ensure master conntrack does not go away. This also expands the existing spinlock section to cover the expectation lookup too. I needed to move the netlink skb allocation out of the spinlock to keep it GFP_KERNEL. For the expectation events, the IPEXP_DESTROY event is already delivered under the spinlock, just move the delivery of IPEXP_NEW under the spinlock too because the master conntrack event cache is reached through exp->master. While at it, add lockdep notations to help identify what codepaths need to grab the spinlock.

CVE-2026-46083. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: fix resource leaks on device setup failure Make sure to call controller cleanup() if spi_setup() fails while registering a device to avoid leaking any resources allocated by setup().

CVE-2026-46047. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: ns: Fix use-after-free in driver remove() In the remove callback, if a packet arrives after destroy_workqueue() is called, but before sock_release(), the qrtr_ns_data_ready() callback will try to queue the work, causing use-after-free issue. Fix this issue by saving the default 'sk_data_ready' callback during qrtr_ns_init() and use it to replace the qrtr_ns_data_ready() callback at the start of remove(). This ensures that even if a packet arrives after destroy_workqueue(), the work struct will not be dereferenced. Note that it is also required to ensure that the RX threads are completed before destroying the workqueue, because the threads could be using the qrtr_ns_data_ready() callback.

CVE-2026-46038. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: ns: Free the node during ctrl_cmd_bye() A node sends the BYE packet when it is about to go down. So the nameserver should advertise the removal of the node to all remote and local observers and free the node finally. But currently, the nameserver doesn't free the node memory even after processing the BYE packet. This causes the node memory to leak. Hence, remove the node from Xarray list and free the node memory during both success and failure case of ctrl_cmd_bye().

CVE-2026-46026. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: ns: Limit the maximum number of lookups Current code does no bound checking on the number of lookups a client can perform. Though the code restricts the lookups to local clients, there is still a possibility of a malicious local client sending a flood of NEW_LOOKUP messages over the same socket. Fix this issue by limiting the maximum number of lookups to 64 globally. Since the nameserver allows only atmost one local observer, this global lookup count will ensure that the lookups stay within the limit. Note that, limit of 64 is chosen based on the current platform requirements. If requirement changes in the future, this limit can be increased.

CVE-2026-46099. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: ipv6: fix NOREF dst use in seg6 and rpl lwtunnels seg6_input_core() and rpl_input() call ip6_route_input() which sets a NOREF dst on the skb, then pass it to dst_cache_set_ip6() invoking dst_hold() unconditionally. On PREEMPT_RT, ksoftirqd is preemptible and a higher-priority task can release the underlying pcpu_rt between the lookup and the caching through a concurrent FIB lookup on a shared nexthop. Simplified race sequence: ksoftirqd/X higher-prio task (same CPU X) ----------- -------------------------------- seg6_input_core(,skb)/rpl_input(skb) dst_cache_get() -> miss ip6_route_input(skb) -> ip6_pol_route(,skb,flags) [RT6_LOOKUP_F_DST_NOREF in flags] -> FIB lookup resolves fib6_nh [nhid=N route] -> rt6_make_pcpu_route() [creates pcpu_rt, refcount=1] pcpu_rt->sernum = fib6_sernum [fib6_sernum=W] -> cmpxchg(fib6_nh.rt6i_pcpu, NULL, pcpu_rt) [slot was empty, store succeeds] -> skb_dst_set_noref(skb, dst) [dst is pcpu_rt, refcount still 1] rt_genid_bump_ipv6() -> bumps fib6_sernum [fib6_sernum from W to Z] ip6_route_output() -> ip6_pol_route() -> FIB lookup resolves fib6_nh [nhid=N] -> rt6_get_pcpu_route() pcpu_rt->sernum != fib6_sernum [W <> Z, stale] -> prev = xchg(rt6i_pcpu, NULL) -> dst_release(prev) [prev is pcpu_rt, refcount 1->0, dead] dst = skb_dst(skb) [dst is the dead pcpu_rt] dst_cache_set_ip6(dst) -> dst_hold() on dead dst -> WARN / use-after-free For the race to occur, ksoftirqd must be preemptible (PREEMPT_RT without PREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK) and a concurrent task must be able to release the pcpu_rt. Shared nexthop objects provide such a path, as two routes pointing to the same nhid share the same fib6_nh and its rt6i_pcpu entry. Fix seg6_input_core() and rpl_input() by calling skb_dst_force() after ip6_route_input() to force the NOREF dst into a refcounted one before caching. The output path is not affected as ip6_route_output() already returns a refcounted dst.

CVE-2026-46113. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Fix shadow paging use-after-free due to unexpected GFN The shadow MMU computes GFNs for direct shadow pages using sp->gfn plus the SPTE index. This assumption breaks for shadow paging if the guest page tables are modified between VM entries (similar to commit aad885e77496, "KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE", 2026-03-27). The flow is as follows: - a PDE is installed for a 2MB mapping, and a page in that area is accessed. KVM creates a kvm_mmu_page consisting of 512 4KB pages; the kvm_mmu_page is marked by FNAME(fetch) as direct-mapped because the guest's mapping is a huge page (and thus contiguous). - the PDE mapping is changed from outside the guest. - the guest accesses another page in the same 2MB area. KVM installs a new leaf SPTE and rmap entry; the SPTE uses the "correct" GFN (i.e. based on the new mapping, as changed in the previous step) but that GFN is outside of the [sp->gfn, sp->gfn + 511] range; therefore the rmap entry cannot be found and removed when the kvm_mmu_page is zapped. - the memslot that covers the first 2MB mapping is deleted, and the kvm_mmu_page for the now-invalid GPA is zapped. However, rmap_remove() only looks at the [sp->gfn, sp->gfn + 511] range established in step 1, and fails to find the rmap entry that was recorded by step 3. - any operation that causes an rmap walk for the same page accessed by step 3 then walks a stale rmap and dereferences a freed kvm_mmu_page. This includes dirty logging or MMU notifier invalidations (e.g., from MADV_DONTNEED). The underlying issue is that KVM's walking of shadow PTEs assumes that if a SPTE is present when KVM wants to install a non-leaf SPTE, then the existing kvm_mmu_page must be for the correct gfn. Because the only way for the gfn to be wrong is if KVM messed up and failed to zap a SPTE... which shouldn't happen, but *actually* only happens in response to a guest write. That bug dates back literally forever, as even the first version of KVM assumes that the GFN matches and walks into the "wrong" shadow page. However, that was only an imprecision until 2032a93d66fa ("KVM: MMU: Don't allocate gfns page for direct mmu pages") came along. Fix it by checking for a target gfn mismatch and zapping the existing SPTE. That way the old SP and rmap entries are gone, KVM installs the rmap in the right location, and everyone is happy.

CVE-2026-45843. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: slip: bound decode() reads against the compressed packet length slhc_uncompress() parses a VJ-compressed TCP header by advancing a pointer through the packet via decode() and pull16(). Neither helper bounds-checks against isize, and decode() masks its return with & 0xffff so it can never return the -1 that callers test for -- those error paths are dead code. A short compressed frame whose change byte requests optional fields lets decode() read past the end of the packet. The over-read bytes are folded into the cached cstate and reflected into subsequent reconstructed packets. Make decode() and pull16() take the packet end pointer and return -1 when exhausted. Add a bounds check before the TCP-checksum read. The existing == -1 tests now do what they were always meant to.

CVE-2026-31712. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: require minimum ACE size in smb_check_perm_dacl() Both ACE-walk loops in smb_check_perm_dacl() only guard against an under-sized remaining buffer, not against an ACE whose declared `ace->size` is smaller than the struct it claims to describe: if (offsetof(struct smb_ace, access_req) > aces_size) break; ace_size = le16_to_cpu(ace->size); if (ace_size > aces_size) break; The first check only requires the 4-byte ACE header to be in bounds; it does not require access_req (4 bytes at offset 4) to be readable. An attacker who has set a crafted DACL on a file they own can declare ace->size == 4 with aces_size == 4, pass both checks, and then granted |= le32_to_cpu(ace->access_req); /* upper loop */ compare_sids(&sid, &ace->sid); /* lower loop */ reads access_req at offset 4 (OOB by up to 4 bytes) and ace->sid at offset 8 (OOB by up to CIFS_SID_BASE_SIZE + SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES * 4 bytes). Tighten both loops to require ace_size >= offsetof(struct smb_ace, sid) + CIFS_SID_BASE_SIZE which is the smallest valid on-wire ACE layout (4-byte header + 4-byte access_req + 8-byte sid base with zero sub-auths). Also reject ACEs whose sid.num_subauth exceeds SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES before letting compare_sids() dereference sub_auth[] entries. parse_sec_desc() already enforces an equivalent check (lines 441-448); smb_check_perm_dacl() simply grew weaker validation over time. Reachability: authenticated SMB client with permission to set an ACL on a file. On a subsequent CREATE against that file, the kernel walks the stored DACL via smb_check_perm_dacl() and triggers the OOB read. Not pre-auth, and the OOB read is not reflected to the attacker, but KASAN reports and kernel state corruption are possible.

CVE-2026-43080. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: l2tp: Drop large packets with UDP encap syzbot reported a WARN on my patch series [1]. The actual issue is an overflow of 16-bit UDP length field, and it exists in the upstream code. My series added a debug WARN with an overflow check that exposed the issue, that's why syzbot tripped on my patches, rather than on upstream code. syzbot's repro: r0 = socket$pppl2tp(0x18, 0x1, 0x1) r1 = socket$inet6_udp(0xa, 0x2, 0x0) connect$inet6(r1, &(0x7f00000000c0)={0xa, 0x0, 0x0, @loopback, 0xfffffffc}, 0x1c) connect$pppl2tp(r0, &(0x7f0000000240)=@pppol2tpin6={0x18, 0x1, {0x0, r1, 0x4, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, {0xa, 0x4e22, 0xffff, @ipv4={'\x00', '\xff\xff', @empty}}}}, 0x32) writev(r0, &(0x7f0000000080)=[{&(0x7f0000000000)="ee", 0x34000}], 0x1) It basically sends an oversized (0x34000 bytes) PPPoL2TP packet with UDP encapsulation, and l2tp_xmit_core doesn't check for overflows when it assigns the UDP length field. The value gets trimmed to 16 bites. Add an overflow check that drops oversized packets and avoids sending packets with trimmed UDP length to the wire. syzbot's stack trace (with my patch applied): len >= 65536u WARNING: ./include/linux/udp.h:38 at udp_set_len_short include/linux/udp.h:38 [inline], CPU#1: syz.0.17/5957 WARNING: ./include/linux/udp.h:38 at l2tp_xmit_core net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1293 [inline], CPU#1: syz.0.17/5957 WARNING: ./include/linux/udp.h:38 at l2tp_xmit_skb+0x1204/0x18d0 net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1327, CPU#1: syz.0.17/5957 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5957 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.2-debian-1.16.2-1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:udp_set_len_short include/linux/udp.h:38 [inline] RIP: 0010:l2tp_xmit_core net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1293 [inline] RIP: 0010:l2tp_xmit_skb+0x1204/0x18d0 net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1327 Code: 0f 0b 90 e9 21 f9 ff ff e8 e9 05 ec f6 90 0f 0b 90 e9 8d f9 ff ff e8 db 05 ec f6 90 0f 0b 90 e9 cc f9 ff ff e8 cd 05 ec f6 90 <0f> 0b 90 e9 de fa ff ff 44 89 f1 80 e1 07 80 c1 03 38 c1 0f 8c 4f RSP: 0018:ffffc90003d67878 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff8ad985e3 RBX: ffff8881a6400090 RCX: ffff8881697f0000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000034010 RDI: 000000000000ffff RBP: dffffc0000000000 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000004 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff520007acf00 R12: ffff8881baf20900 R13: 0000000000034010 R14: ffff8881a640008e R15: ffff8881760f7000 FS: 000055557e81f500(0000) GS:ffff8882a9467000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000200000033000 CR3: 00000001612f4000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 Call Trace: <TASK> pppol2tp_sendmsg+0x40a/0x5f0 net/l2tp/l2tp_ppp.c:302 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:727 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:742 [inline] sock_write_iter+0x503/0x550 net/socket.c:1195 do_iter_readv_writev+0x619/0x8c0 fs/read_write.c:-1 vfs_writev+0x33c/0x990 fs/read_write.c:1059 do_writev+0x154/0x2e0 fs/read_write.c:1105 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x14d/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f636479c629 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007ffffd4241c8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000014 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6364a15fa0 RCX: 00007f636479c629 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000200000000080 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f6364832b39 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f6364a15fac R14: 00007f6364a15fa0 R15: 00007f6364a15fa0 </TASK> [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/

CVE-2026-46161. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid10: fix divide-by-zero in setup_geo() with zero far_copies setup_geo() extracts near_copies (nc) and far_copies (fc) from the user-provided layout parameter without checking for zero. When fc=0 with the "improved" far set layout selected, 'geo->far_set_size = disks / fc' triggers a divide-by-zero. Validate nc and fc immediately after extraction, returning -1 if either is zero.

CVE-2026-46120. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip6_gre: Use cached t->net in ip6erspan_changelink(). After commit 5e72ce3e3980 ("net: ipv6: Use link netns in newlink() of rtnl_link_ops"), ip6erspan_newlink() correctly resolves the per-netns ip6gre hash via link_net. ip6erspan_changelink() was not converted in that series and still uses dev_net(dev), which diverges from the device's creation netns after IFLA_NET_NS_FD migration. This re-inserts the tunnel into the wrong per-netns hash. The original netns keeps a stale entry. When that netns is later destroyed, ip6gre_exit_rtnl_net() walks the stale entry, producing a slab-use-after-free reported by KASAN, followed by a kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c (LIST_POISON1) in unregister_netdevice_many_notify(). Reachable from an unprivileged user namespace (unshare --user --map-root-user --net). ip6gre_changelink() earlier in the same file already uses the cached t->net; only ip6erspan_changelink() has the wrong shape.

CVE-2026-31708. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix OOB read in smb2_ioctl_query_info QUERY_INFO path smb2_ioctl_query_info() has two response-copy branches: PASSTHRU_FSCTL and the default QUERY_INFO path. The QUERY_INFO branch clamps qi.input_buffer_length to the server-reported OutputBufferLength and then copies qi.input_buffer_length bytes from qi_rsp->Buffer to userspace, but it never verifies that the flexible-array payload actually fits within rsp_iov[1].iov_len. A malicious server can return OutputBufferLength larger than the actual QUERY_INFO response, causing copy_to_user() to walk past the response buffer and expose adjacent kernel heap to userspace. Guard the QUERY_INFO copy with a bounds check on the actual Buffer payload. Use struct_size(qi_rsp, Buffer, qi.input_buffer_length) rather than an open-coded addition so the guard cannot overflow on 32-bit builds.

CVE-2026-43421. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: f_ncm: Fix net_device lifecycle with device_move The network device outlived its parent gadget device during disconnection, resulting in dangling sysfs links and null pointer dereference problems. A prior attempt to solve this by removing SET_NETDEV_DEV entirely [1] was reverted due to power management ordering concerns and a NO-CARRIER regression. A subsequent attempt to defer net_device allocation to bind [2] broke 1:1 mapping between function instance and network device, making it impossible for configfs to report the resolved interface name. This results in a regression where the DHCP server fails on pmOS. Use device_move to reparent the net_device between the gadget device and /sys/devices/virtual/ across bind/unbind cycles. This preserves the network interface across USB reconnection, allowing the DHCP server to retain their binding. Introduce gether_attach_gadget()/gether_detach_gadget() helpers and use __free(detach_gadget) macro to undo attachment on bind failure. The bind_count ensures device_move executes only on the first bind. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-usb/[email protected]/

CVE-2026-46101. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: reject zero shift in nft_bitwise Reject zero shift operands for nft_bitwise left and right shift expressions during initialization. The carry propagation logic computes the carry from the adjacent 32-bit word using BITS_PER_TYPE(u32) - shift. A zero shift operand turns this into a 32-bit shift, which is undefined behaviour. Reject zero shift operands in the control plane, alongside the existing check for values greater than or equal to 32, so malformed rules never reach the packet path.

CVE-2026-43099. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: icmp: fix null-ptr-deref in icmp_build_probe() ipv6_stub->ipv6_dev_find() may return ERR_PTR(-EAFNOSUPPORT) when the IPv6 stack is not active (CONFIG_IPV6=m and not loaded), and passing this error pointer to dev_hold() will cause a kernel crash with null-ptr-deref. Instead, silently discard the request. RFC 8335 does not appear to define a specific response for the case where an IPv6 interface identifier is syntactically valid but the implementation cannot perform the lookup at runtime, and silently dropping the request may safer than misreporting "No Such Interface".

CVE-2026-46167. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: usblp: fix uninitialized heap leak via LPGETSTATUS ioctl Just like in a previous problem in this driver, usblp_ctrl_msg() will collapse the usb_control_msg() return value to 0/-errno, discarding the actual number of bytes transferred. Ideally that short command should be detected and error out, but many printers are known to send "incorrect" responses back so we can't just do that. statusbuf is kmalloc(8) at probe time and never filled before the first LPGETSTATUS ioctl. usblp_read_status() requests 1 byte. If a malicious printer responds with zero bytes, *statusbuf is one byte of stale kmalloc heap, sign-extended into the local int status, which the LPGETSTATUS path then copy_to_user()s directly to the ioctl caller. Fix this all by just zapping out the memory buffer when allocated at probe time. If a later call does a short read, the data will be identical to what the device sent it the last time, so there is no "leak" of information happening.

CVE-2026-46040. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: inotify: fix watch count leak when fsnotify_add_inode_mark_locked() fails When fsnotify_add_inode_mark_locked() fails in inotify_new_watch(), the error path calls inotify_remove_from_idr() but does not call dec_inotify_watches() to undo the preceding inc_inotify_watches(). This leaks a watch count, and repeated failures can exhaust the max_user_watches limit with -ENOSPC even when no watches are active. Prior to commit 1cce1eea0aff ("inotify: Convert to using per-namespace limits"), the watch count was incremented after fsnotify_add_mark_locked() succeeded, so this path was not affected. The conversion moved inc_inotify_watches() before the mark insertion without adding the corresponding rollback. Add the missing dec_inotify_watches() call in the error path.

CVE-2026-23339. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: nci: free skb on nci_transceive early error paths nci_transceive() takes ownership of the skb passed by the caller, but the -EPROTO, -EINVAL, and -EBUSY error paths return without freeing it. Due to issues clearing NCI_DATA_EXCHANGE fixed by subsequent changes the nci/nci_dev selftest hits the error path occasionally in NIPA, and kmemleak detects leaks: unreferenced object 0xff11000015ce6a40 (size 640): comm "nci_dev", pid 3954, jiffies 4295441246 hex dump (first 32 bytes): 6b 6b 6b 6b 00 a4 00 0c 02 e1 03 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkk.......kkkkk 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk backtrace (crc 7c40cc2a): kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof+0x492/0x630 __alloc_skb+0x11e/0x5f0 alloc_skb_with_frags+0xc6/0x8f0 sock_alloc_send_pskb+0x326/0x3f0 nfc_alloc_send_skb+0x94/0x1d0 rawsock_sendmsg+0x162/0x4c0 do_syscall_64+0x117/0xfc0

CVE-2026-23395. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix accepting multiple L2CAP_ECRED_CONN_REQ Currently the code attempts to accept requests regardless of the command identifier which may cause multiple requests to be marked as pending (FLAG_DEFER_SETUP) which can cause more than L2CAP_ECRED_MAX_CID(5) to be allocated in l2cap_ecred_rsp_defer causing an overflow. The spec is quite clear that the same identifier shall not be used on subsequent requests: 'Within each signaling channel a different Identifier shall be used for each successive request or indication.' https://www.bluetooth.com/wp-content/uploads/Files/Specification/HTML/Core-62/out/en/host/logical-link-control-and-adaptation-protocol-specification.html#UUID-32a25a06-4aa4-c6c7-77c5-dcfe3682355d So this attempts to check if there are any channels pending with the same identifier and rejects if any are found.

CVE-2026-23300. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: ipv6: fix panic when IPv4 route references loopback IPv6 nexthop When a standalone IPv6 nexthop object is created with a loopback device (e.g., "ip -6 nexthop add id 100 dev lo"), fib6_nh_init() misclassifies it as a reject route. This is because nexthop objects have no destination prefix (fc_dst=::), causing fib6_is_reject() to match any loopback nexthop. The reject path skips fib_nh_common_init(), leaving nhc_pcpu_rth_output unallocated. If an IPv4 route later references this nexthop, __mkroute_output() dereferences NULL nhc_pcpu_rth_output and panics. Simplify the check in fib6_nh_init() to only match explicit reject routes (RTF_REJECT) instead of using fib6_is_reject(). The loopback promotion heuristic in fib6_is_reject() is handled separately by ip6_route_info_create_nh(). After this change, the three cases behave as follows: 1. Explicit reject route ("ip -6 route add unreachable 2001:db8::/64"): RTF_REJECT is set, enters reject path, skips fib_nh_common_init(). No behavior change. 2. Implicit loopback reject route ("ip -6 route add 2001:db8::/32 dev lo"): RTF_REJECT is not set, takes normal path, fib_nh_common_init() is called. ip6_route_info_create_nh() still promotes it to reject afterward. nhc_pcpu_rth_output is allocated but unused, which is harmless. 3. Standalone nexthop object ("ip -6 nexthop add id 100 dev lo"): RTF_REJECT is not set, takes normal path, fib_nh_common_init() is called. nhc_pcpu_rth_output is properly allocated, fixing the crash when IPv4 routes reference this nexthop.

CVE-2026-31407. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: conntrack: add missing netlink policy validations Hyunwoo Kim reports out-of-bounds access in sctp and ctnetlink. These attributes are used by the kernel without any validation. Extend the netlink policies accordingly. Quoting the reporter: nlattr_to_sctp() assigns the user-supplied CTA_PROTOINFO_SCTP_STATE value directly to ct->proto.sctp.state without checking that it is within the valid range. [..] and: ... with exp->dir = 100, the access at ct->master->tuplehash[100] reads 5600 bytes past the start of a 320-byte nf_conn object, causing a slab-out-of-bounds read confirmed by UBSAN.

CVE-2026-23253. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: dvb-core: fix wrong reinitialization of ringbuffer on reopen dvb_dvr_open() calls dvb_ringbuffer_init() when a new reader opens the DVR device. dvb_ringbuffer_init() calls init_waitqueue_head(), which reinitializes the waitqueue list head to empty. Since dmxdev->dvr_buffer.queue is a shared waitqueue (all opens of the same DVR device share it), this orphans any existing waitqueue entries from io_uring poll or epoll, leaving them with stale prev/next pointers while the list head is reset to {self, self}. The waitqueue and spinlock in dvr_buffer are already properly initialized once in dvb_dmxdev_init(). The open path only needs to reset the buffer data pointer, size, and read/write positions. Replace the dvb_ringbuffer_init() call in dvb_dvr_open() with direct assignment of data/size and a call to dvb_ringbuffer_reset(), which properly resets pread, pwrite, and error with correct memory ordering without touching the waitqueue or spinlock.

CVE-2026-23302. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: annotate data-races around sk->sk_{data_ready,write_space} skmsg (and probably other layers) are changing these pointers while other cpus might read them concurrently. Add corresponding READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE() annotations for UDP, TCP and AF_UNIX.

CVE-2026-31685. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ip6t_eui64: reject invalid MAC header for all packets `eui64_mt6()` derives a modified EUI-64 from the Ethernet source address and compares it with the low 64 bits of the IPv6 source address. The existing guard only rejects an invalid MAC header when `par->fragoff != 0`. For packets with `par->fragoff == 0`, `eui64_mt6()` can still reach `eth_hdr(skb)` even when the MAC header is not valid. Fix this by removing the `par->fragoff != 0` condition so that packets with an invalid MAC header are rejected before accessing `eth_hdr(skb)`.

CVE-2026-31637. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: reject undecryptable rxkad response tickets rxkad_decrypt_ticket() decrypts the RXKAD response ticket and then parses the buffer as plaintext without checking whether crypto_skcipher_decrypt() succeeded. A malformed RESPONSE can therefore use a non-block-aligned ticket length, make the decrypt operation fail, and still drive the ticket parser with attacker-controlled bytes. Check the decrypt result and abort the connection with RXKADBADTICKET when ticket decryption fails.

CVE-2026-23277. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: teql: fix NULL pointer dereference in iptunnel_xmit on TEQL slave xmit teql_master_xmit() calls netdev_start_xmit(skb, slave) to transmit through slave devices, but does not update skb->dev to the slave device beforehand. When a gretap tunnel is a TEQL slave, the transmit path reaches iptunnel_xmit() which saves dev = skb->dev (still pointing to teql0 master) and later calls iptunnel_xmit_stats(dev, pkt_len). This function does: get_cpu_ptr(dev->tstats) Since teql_master_setup() does not set dev->pcpu_stat_type to NETDEV_PCPU_STAT_TSTATS, the core network stack never allocates tstats for teql0, so dev->tstats is NULL. get_cpu_ptr(NULL) computes NULL + __per_cpu_offset[cpu], resulting in a page fault. BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff8880e6659018 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 68bc067 P4D 68bc067 PUD 0 Oops: Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI RIP: 0010:iptunnel_xmit (./include/net/ip_tunnels.h:664 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel_core.c:89) Call Trace: <TASK> ip_tunnel_xmit (net/ipv4/ip_tunnel.c:847) __gre_xmit (net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:478) gre_tap_xmit (net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:779) teql_master_xmit (net/sched/sch_teql.c:319) dev_hard_start_xmit (net/core/dev.c:3887) sch_direct_xmit (net/sched/sch_generic.c:347) __dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4802) neigh_direct_output (net/core/neighbour.c:1660) ip_finish_output2 (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:237) __ip_finish_output.part.0 (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:315) ip_mc_output (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:369) ip_send_skb (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:1508) udp_send_skb (net/ipv4/udp.c:1195) udp_sendmsg (net/ipv4/udp.c:1485) inet_sendmsg (net/ipv4/af_inet.c:859) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2206) Fix this by setting skb->dev = slave before calling netdev_start_xmit(), so that tunnel xmit functions see the correct slave device with properly allocated tstats.

CVE-2026-31583. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: em28xx: fix use-after-free in em28xx_v4l2_open() em28xx_v4l2_open() reads dev->v4l2 without holding dev->lock, creating a race with em28xx_v4l2_init()'s error path and em28xx_v4l2_fini(), both of which free the em28xx_v4l2 struct and set dev->v4l2 to NULL under dev->lock. This race leads to two issues: - use-after-free in v4l2_fh_init() when accessing vdev->ctrl_handler, since the video_device is embedded in the freed em28xx_v4l2 struct. - NULL pointer dereference in em28xx_resolution_set() when accessing v4l2->norm, since dev->v4l2 has been set to NULL. Fix this by moving the mutex_lock() before the dev->v4l2 read and adding a NULL check for dev->v4l2 under the lock.

CVE-2026-23389. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ice: Fix memory leak in ice_set_ringparam() In ice_set_ringparam, tx_rings and xdp_rings are allocated before rx_rings. If the allocation of rx_rings fails, the code jumps to the done label leaking both tx_rings and xdp_rings. Furthermore, if the setup of an individual Rx ring fails during the loop, the code jumps to the free_tx label which releases tx_rings but leaks xdp_rings. Fix this by introducing a free_xdp label and updating the error paths to ensure both xdp_rings and tx_rings are properly freed if rx_rings allocation or setup fails. Compile tested only. Issue found using a prototype static analysis tool and code review.

CVE-2026-23368. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: phy: register phy led_triggers during probe to avoid AB-BA deadlock There is an AB-BA deadlock when both LEDS_TRIGGER_NETDEV and LED_TRIGGER_PHY are enabled: [ 1362.049207] [<8054e4b8>] led_trigger_register+0x5c/0x1fc <-- Trying to get lock "triggers_list_lock" via down_write(&triggers_list_lock); [ 1362.054536] [<80662830>] phy_led_triggers_register+0xd0/0x234 [ 1362.060329] [<8065e200>] phy_attach_direct+0x33c/0x40c [ 1362.065489] [<80651fc4>] phylink_fwnode_phy_connect+0x15c/0x23c [ 1362.071480] [<8066ee18>] mtk_open+0x7c/0xba0 [ 1362.075849] [<806d714c>] __dev_open+0x280/0x2b0 [ 1362.080384] [<806d7668>] __dev_change_flags+0x244/0x24c [ 1362.085598] [<806d7698>] dev_change_flags+0x28/0x78 [ 1362.090528] [<807150e4>] dev_ioctl+0x4c0/0x654 <-- Hold lock "rtnl_mutex" by calling rtnl_lock(); [ 1362.094985] [<80694360>] sock_ioctl+0x2f4/0x4e0 [ 1362.099567] [<802e9c4c>] sys_ioctl+0x32c/0xd8c [ 1362.104022] [<80014504>] syscall_common+0x34/0x58 Here LED_TRIGGER_PHY is registering LED triggers during phy_attach while holding RTNL and then taking triggers_list_lock. [ 1362.191101] [<806c2640>] register_netdevice_notifier+0x60/0x168 <-- Trying to get lock "rtnl_mutex" via rtnl_lock(); [ 1362.197073] [<805504ac>] netdev_trig_activate+0x194/0x1e4 [ 1362.202490] [<8054e28c>] led_trigger_set+0x1d4/0x360 <-- Hold lock "triggers_list_lock" by down_read(&triggers_list_lock); [ 1362.207511] [<8054eb38>] led_trigger_write+0xd8/0x14c [ 1362.212566] [<80381d98>] sysfs_kf_bin_write+0x80/0xbc [ 1362.217688] [<8037fcd8>] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x17c/0x28c [ 1362.223174] [<802cbd70>] vfs_write+0x21c/0x3c4 [ 1362.227712] [<802cc0c4>] ksys_write+0x78/0x12c [ 1362.232164] [<80014504>] syscall_common+0x34/0x58 Here LEDS_TRIGGER_NETDEV is being enabled on an LED. It first takes triggers_list_lock and then RTNL. A classical AB-BA deadlock. phy_led_triggers_registers() does not require the RTNL, it does not make any calls into the network stack which require protection. There is also no requirement the PHY has been attached to a MAC, the triggers only make use of phydev state. This allows the call to phy_led_triggers_registers() to be placed elsewhere. PHY probe() and release() don't hold RTNL, so solving the AB-BA deadlock.

CVE-2026-23318. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Use correct version for UAC3 header validation The entry of the validators table for UAC3 AC header descriptor is defined with the wrong protocol version UAC_VERSION_2, while it should have been UAC_VERSION_3. This results in the validator never matching for actual UAC3 devices (protocol == UAC_VERSION_3), causing their header descriptors to bypass validation entirely. A malicious USB device presenting a truncated UAC3 header could exploit this to cause out-of-bounds reads when the driver later accesses unvalidated descriptor fields. The bug was introduced in the same commit as the recently fixed UAC3 feature unit sub-type typo, and appears to be from the same copy-paste error when the UAC3 section was created from the UAC2 section.

CVE-2026-31629. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: llcp: add missing return after LLCP_CLOSED checks In nfc_llcp_recv_hdlc() and nfc_llcp_recv_disc(), when the socket state is LLCP_CLOSED, the code correctly calls release_sock() and nfc_llcp_sock_put() but fails to return. Execution falls through to the remainder of the function, which calls release_sock() and nfc_llcp_sock_put() again. This results in a double release_sock() and a refcount underflow via double nfc_llcp_sock_put(), leading to a use-after-free. Add the missing return statements after the LLCP_CLOSED branches in both functions to prevent the fall-through.

CVE-2026-23391. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: xt_CT: drop pending enqueued packets on template removal Templates refer to objects that can go away while packets are sitting in nfqueue refer to: - helper, this can be an issue on module removal. - timeout policy, nfnetlink_cttimeout might remove it. The use of templates with zone and event cache filter are safe, since this just copies values. Flush these enqueued packets in case the template rule gets removed.

CVE-2026-31673. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: af_unix: read UNIX_DIAG_VFS data under unix_state_lock Exact UNIX diag lookups hold a reference to the socket, but not to u->path. Meanwhile, unix_release_sock() clears u->path under unix_state_lock() and drops the path reference after unlocking. Read the inode and device numbers for UNIX_DIAG_VFS while holding unix_state_lock(), then emit the netlink attribute after dropping the lock. This keeps the VFS data stable while the reply is being built.

CVE-2026-23141. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: send: check for inline extents in range_is_hole_in_parent() Before accessing the disk_bytenr field of a file extent item we need to check if we are dealing with an inline extent. This is because for inline extents their data starts at the offset of the disk_bytenr field. So accessing the disk_bytenr means we are accessing inline data or in case the inline data is less than 8 bytes we can actually cause an invalid memory access if this inline extent item is the first item in the leaf or access metadata from other items.

CVE-2026-23370. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: platform/x86: dell-wmi-sysman: Don't hex dump plaintext password data set_new_password() hex dumps the entire buffer, which contains plaintext password data, including current and new passwords. Remove the hex dump to avoid leaking credentials.

CVE-2026-23359. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix stack-out-of-bounds write in devmap get_upper_ifindexes() iterates over all upper devices and writes their indices into an array without checking bounds. Also the callers assume that the max number of upper devices is MAX_NEST_DEV and allocate excluded_devices[1+MAX_NEST_DEV] on the stack, but that assumption is not correct and the number of upper devices could be larger than MAX_NEST_DEV (e.g., many macvlans), causing a stack-out-of-bounds write. Add a max parameter to get_upper_ifindexes() to avoid the issue. When there are too many upper devices, return -EOVERFLOW and abort the redirect. To reproduce, create more than MAX_NEST_DEV(8) macvlans on a device with an XDP program attached using BPF_F_BROADCAST | BPF_F_EXCLUDE_INGRESS. Then send a packet to the device to trigger the XDP redirect path.

CVE-2026-31642. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix call removal to use RCU safe deletion Fix rxrpc call removal from the rxnet->calls list to use list_del_rcu() rather than list_del_init() to prevent stuffing up reading /proc/net/rxrpc/calls from potentially getting into an infinite loop. This, however, means that list_empty() no longer works on an entry that's been deleted from the list, making it harder to detect prior deletion. Fix this by: Firstly, make rxrpc_destroy_all_calls() only dump the first ten calls that are unexpectedly still on the list. Limiting the number of steps means there's no need to call cond_resched() or to remove calls from the list here, thereby eliminating the need for rxrpc_put_call() to check for that. rxrpc_put_call() can then be fixed to unconditionally delete the call from the list as it is the only place that the deletion occurs.

CVE-2026-31698. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: ccp: Don't attempt to copy PDH cert to userspace if PSP command failed When retrieving the PDH cert, don't attempt to copy the blobs to userspace if the firmware command failed. If the failure was due to an invalid length, i.e. the userspace buffer+length was too small, copying the number of bytes _firmware_ requires will overflow the kernel-allocated buffer and leak data to userspace. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 Read of size 2084 at addr ffff8885c4ab8aa0 by task syz.0.186/21033 CPU: 51 UID: 0 PID: 21033 Comm: syz.0.186 Tainted: G U O 7.0.0-smp-DEV #28 PREEMPTLAZY Tainted: [U]=USER, [O]=OOT_MODULE Hardware name: Google, Inc. Arcadia_IT_80/Arcadia_IT_80, BIOS 34.84.12-0 11/17/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0xc5/0x110 ../lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description ../mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xbc/0x260 ../mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 ../mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_region_inline ../mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline] kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2c0 ../mm/kasan/generic.c:200 instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:236 [inline] sev_ioctl_do_pdh_export+0x3d3/0x7c0 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2347 sev_ioctl+0x2a2/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2568 vfs_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x11d/0x1b0 ../fs/ioctl.c:583 do_syscall_x64 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe0/0x800 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e </TASK> WARN if the driver says the command succeeded, but the firmware error code says otherwise, as __sev_do_cmd_locked() is expected to return -EIO on any firwmware error.

CVE-2026-23270. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks As Paolo said earlier [1]: "Since the blamed commit below, classify can return TC_ACT_CONSUMED while the current skb being held by the defragmentation engine. As reported by GangMin Kim, if such packet is that may cause a UaF when the defrag engine later on tries to tuch again such packet." act_ct was never meant to be used in the egress path, however some users are attaching it to egress today [2]. Attempting to reach a middle ground, we noticed that, while most qdiscs are not handling TC_ACT_CONSUMED, clsact/ingress qdiscs are. With that in mind, we address the issue by only allowing act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks. That way it's still possible to attach act_ct to egress (albeit only with clsact). [1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/674b8cbfc385c6f37fb29a1de08d8fe5c2b0fbee.1771321118.git.pabeni@redhat.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[email protected]/

CVE-2026-23396. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: fix NULL deref in mesh_matches_local() mesh_matches_local() unconditionally dereferences ie->mesh_config to compare mesh configuration parameters. When called from mesh_rx_csa_frame(), the parsed action-frame elements may not contain a Mesh Configuration IE, leaving ie->mesh_config NULL and triggering a kernel NULL pointer dereference. The other two callers are already safe: - ieee80211_mesh_rx_bcn_presp() checks !elems->mesh_config before calling mesh_matches_local() - mesh_plink_get_event() is only reached through mesh_process_plink_frame(), which checks !elems->mesh_config, too mesh_rx_csa_frame() is the only caller that passes raw parsed elements to mesh_matches_local() without guarding mesh_config. An adjacent attacker can exploit this by sending a crafted CSA action frame that includes a valid Mesh ID IE but omits the Mesh Configuration IE, crashing the kernel. The captured crash log: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address ... KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] Workqueue: events_unbound cfg80211_wiphy_work [...] Call Trace: <TASK> ? __pfx_mesh_matches_local (net/mac80211/mesh.c:65) ieee80211_mesh_rx_queued_mgmt (net/mac80211/mesh.c:1686) [...] ieee80211_iface_work (net/mac80211/iface.c:1754 net/mac80211/iface.c:1802) [...] cfg80211_wiphy_work (net/wireless/core.c:426) process_one_work (net/kernel/workqueue.c:3280) ? assign_work (net/kernel/workqueue.c:1219) worker_thread (net/kernel/workqueue.c:3352) ? __pfx_worker_thread (net/kernel/workqueue.c:3385) kthread (net/kernel/kthread.c:436) [...] ret_from_fork_asm (net/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:255) </TASK> This patch adds a NULL check for ie->mesh_config at the top of mesh_matches_local() to return false early when the Mesh Configuration IE is absent.

CVE-2026-31676. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: only handle RESPONSE during service challenge Only process RESPONSE packets while the service connection is still in RXRPC_CONN_SERVICE_CHALLENGING. Check that state under state_lock before running response verification and security initialization, then use a local secured flag to decide whether to queue the secured-connection work after the state transition. This keeps duplicate or late RESPONSE packets from re-running the setup path and removes the unlocked post-transition state test.

CVE-2026-31681. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: xt_multiport: validate range encoding in checkentry ports_match_v1() treats any non-zero pflags entry as the start of a port range and unconditionally consumes the next ports[] element as the range end. The checkentry path currently validates protocol, flags and count, but it does not validate the range encoding itself. As a result, malformed rules can mark the last slot as a range start or place two range starts back to back, leaving ports_match_v1() to step past the last valid ports[] element while interpreting the rule. Reject malformed multiport v1 rules in checkentry by validating that each range start has a following element and that the following element is not itself marked as another range start.

CVE-2026-23381. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: bridge: fix nd_tbl NULL dereference when IPv6 is disabled When booting with the 'ipv6.disable=1' parameter, the nd_tbl is never initialized because inet6_init() exits before ndisc_init() is called which initializes it. Then, if neigh_suppress is enabled and an ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery packet reaches the bridge, br_do_suppress_nd() will dereference ipv6_stub->nd_tbl which is NULL, passing it to neigh_lookup(). This causes a kernel NULL pointer dereference. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000268 Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI [...] RIP: 0010:neigh_lookup+0x16/0xe0 [...] Call Trace: <IRQ> ? neigh_lookup+0x16/0xe0 br_do_suppress_nd+0x160/0x290 [bridge] br_handle_frame_finish+0x500/0x620 [bridge] br_handle_frame+0x353/0x440 [bridge] __netif_receive_skb_core.constprop.0+0x298/0x1110 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x3d/0xa0 process_backlog+0xa0/0x140 __napi_poll+0x2c/0x170 net_rx_action+0x2c4/0x3a0 handle_softirqs+0xd0/0x270 do_softirq+0x3f/0x60 Fix this by replacing IS_ENABLED(IPV6) call with ipv6_mod_enabled() in the callers. This is in essence disabling NS/NA suppression when IPv6 is disabled.

CVE-2026-23290. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: pegasus: validate USB endpoints The pegasus driver should validate that the device it is probing has the proper number and types of USB endpoints it is expecting before it binds to it. If a malicious device were to not have the same urbs the driver will crash later on when it blindly accesses these endpoints.

CVE-2026-31625. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: alps: fix NULL pointer dereference in alps_raw_event() Commit ecfa6f34492c ("HID: Add HID_CLAIMED_INPUT guards in raw_event callbacks missing them") attempted to fix up the HID drivers that had missed the previous fix that was done in 2ff5baa9b527 ("HID: appleir: Fix potential NULL dereference at raw event handle"), but the alps driver was missed. Fix this up by properly checking in the hid-alps driver that it had been claimed correctly before attempting to process the raw event.

CVE-2026-23273. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: macvlan: observe an RCU grace period in macvlan_common_newlink() error path valis reported that a race condition still happens after my prior patch. macvlan_common_newlink() might have made @dev visible before detecting an error, and its caller will directly call free_netdev(dev). We must respect an RCU period, either in macvlan or the core networking stack. After adding a temporary mdelay(1000) in macvlan_forward_source_one() to open the race window, valis repro was: ip link add p1 type veth peer p2 ip link set address 00:00:00:00:00:20 dev p1 ip link set up dev p1 ip link set up dev p2 ip link add mv0 link p2 type macvlan mode source (ip link add invalid% link p2 type macvlan mode source macaddr add 00:00:00:00:00:20 &) ; sleep 0.5 ; ping -c1 -I p1 1.2.3.4 PING 1.2.3.4 (1.2.3.4): 56 data bytes RTNETLINK answers: Invalid argument BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in macvlan_forward_source (drivers/net/macvlan.c:408 drivers/net/macvlan.c:444) Read of size 8 at addr ffff888016bb89c0 by task e/175 CPU: 1 UID: 1000 PID: 175 Comm: e Not tainted 6.19.0-rc8+ #33 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.14.0-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:123) print_report (mm/kasan/report.c:379 mm/kasan/report.c:482) ? macvlan_forward_source (drivers/net/macvlan.c:408 drivers/net/macvlan.c:444) kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:597) ? macvlan_forward_source (drivers/net/macvlan.c:408 drivers/net/macvlan.c:444) macvlan_forward_source (drivers/net/macvlan.c:408 drivers/net/macvlan.c:444) ? tasklet_init (kernel/softirq.c:983) macvlan_handle_frame (drivers/net/macvlan.c:501) Allocated by task 169: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:58) kasan_save_track (./arch/x86/include/asm/current.h:25 mm/kasan/common.c:70 mm/kasan/common.c:79) __kasan_kmalloc (mm/kasan/common.c:419) __kvmalloc_node_noprof (./include/linux/kasan.h:263 mm/slub.c:5657 mm/slub.c:7140) alloc_netdev_mqs (net/core/dev.c:12012) rtnl_create_link (net/core/rtnetlink.c:3648) rtnl_newlink (net/core/rtnetlink.c:3830 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3957 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4072) rtnetlink_rcv_msg (net/core/rtnetlink.c:6958) netlink_rcv_skb (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550) netlink_unicast (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1319 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344) netlink_sendmsg (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:727 net/socket.c:742 net/socket.c:2206) __x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2209) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:131) Freed by task 169: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:58) kasan_save_track (./arch/x86/include/asm/current.h:25 mm/kasan/common.c:70 mm/kasan/common.c:79) kasan_save_free_info (mm/kasan/generic.c:587) __kasan_slab_free (mm/kasan/common.c:287) kfree (mm/slub.c:6674 mm/slub.c:6882) rtnl_newlink (net/core/rtnetlink.c:3845 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3957 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4072) rtnetlink_rcv_msg (net/core/rtnetlink.c:6958) netlink_rcv_skb (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550) netlink_unicast (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1319 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344) netlink_sendmsg (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:727 net/socket.c:742 net/socket.c:2206) __x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2209) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:131)

CVE-2026-31532. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: raw: fix ro->uniq use-after-free in raw_rcv() raw_release() unregisters raw CAN receive filters via can_rx_unregister(), but receiver deletion is deferred with call_rcu(). This leaves a window where raw_rcv() may still be running in an RCU read-side critical section after raw_release() frees ro->uniq, leading to a use-after-free of the percpu uniq storage. Move free_percpu(ro->uniq) out of raw_release() and into a raw-specific socket destructor. can_rx_unregister() takes an extra reference to the socket and only drops it from the RCU callback, so freeing uniq from sk_destruct ensures the percpu area is not released until the relevant callbacks have drained. [mkl: applied manually]

CVE-2026-31699. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: ccp: Don't attempt to copy CSR to userspace if PSP command failed When retrieving the PEK CSR, don't attempt to copy the blob to userspace if the firmware command failed. If the failure was due to an invalid length, i.e. the userspace buffer+length was too small, copying the number of bytes _firmware_ requires will overflow the kernel-allocated buffer and leak data to userspace. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 Read of size 2084 at addr ffff898144612e20 by task syz.9.219/21405 CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 21405 Comm: syz.9.219 Tainted: G U O 7.0.0-smp-DEV #28 PREEMPTLAZY Tainted: [U]=USER, [O]=OOT_MODULE Hardware name: Google, Inc. Arcadia_IT_80/Arcadia_IT_80, BIOS 12.62.0-0 11/19/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0xc5/0x110 ../lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description ../mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xbc/0x260 ../mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 ../mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_region_inline ../mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline] kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2c0 ../mm/kasan/generic.c:200 instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:236 [inline] sev_ioctl_do_pek_csr+0x31f/0x590 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:1872 sev_ioctl+0x3a4/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2562 vfs_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x11d/0x1b0 ../fs/ioctl.c:583 do_syscall_x64 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe0/0x800 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e </TASK> WARN if the driver says the command succeeded, but the firmware error code says otherwise, as __sev_do_cmd_locked() is expected to return -EIO on any firwmware error.

CVE-2026-23365. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: kalmia: validate USB endpoints The kalmia driver should validate that the device it is probing has the proper number and types of USB endpoints it is expecting before it binds to it. If a malicious device were to not have the same urbs the driver will crash later on when it blindly accesses these endpoints.

CVE-2026-23113. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/io-wq: check IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT inside work run loop Currently this is checked before running the pending work. Normally this is quite fine, as work items either end up blocking (which will create a new worker for other items), or they complete fairly quickly. But syzbot reports an issue where io-wq takes seemingly forever to exit, and with a bit of debugging, this turns out to be because it queues a bunch of big (2GB - 4096b) reads with a /dev/msr* file. Since this file type doesn't support ->read_iter(), loop_rw_iter() ends up handling them. Each read returns 16MB of data read, which takes 20 (!!) seconds. With a bunch of these pending, processing the whole chain can take a long time. Easily longer than the syzbot uninterruptible sleep timeout of 140 seconds. This then triggers a complaint off the io-wq exit path: INFO: task syz.4.135:6326 blocked for more than 143 seconds. Not tainted syzkaller #0 Blocked by coredump. "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. task:syz.4.135 state:D stack:26824 pid:6326 tgid:6324 ppid:5957 task_flags:0x400548 flags:0x00080000 Call Trace: <TASK> context_switch kernel/sched/core.c:5256 [inline] __schedule+0x1139/0x6150 kernel/sched/core.c:6863 __schedule_loop kernel/sched/core.c:6945 [inline] schedule+0xe7/0x3a0 kernel/sched/core.c:6960 schedule_timeout+0x257/0x290 kernel/time/sleep_timeout.c:75 do_wait_for_common kernel/sched/completion.c:100 [inline] __wait_for_common+0x2fc/0x4e0 kernel/sched/completion.c:121 io_wq_exit_workers io_uring/io-wq.c:1328 [inline] io_wq_put_and_exit+0x271/0x8a0 io_uring/io-wq.c:1356 io_uring_clean_tctx+0x10d/0x190 io_uring/tctx.c:203 io_uring_cancel_generic+0x69c/0x9a0 io_uring/cancel.c:651 io_uring_files_cancel include/linux/io_uring.h:19 [inline] do_exit+0x2ce/0x2bd0 kernel/exit.c:911 do_group_exit+0xd3/0x2a0 kernel/exit.c:1112 get_signal+0x2671/0x26d0 kernel/signal.c:3034 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x8f/0x7e0 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:337 __exit_to_user_mode_loop kernel/entry/common.c:41 [inline] exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x8c/0x540 kernel/entry/common.c:75 __exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:226 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:256 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:159 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:194 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4ee/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fa02738f749 RSP: 002b:00007fa0281ae0e8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000ca RAX: fffffffffffffe00 RBX: 00007fa0275e6098 RCX: 00007fa02738f749 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000080 RDI: 00007fa0275e6098 RBP: 00007fa0275e6090 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fa0275e6128 R14: 00007fff14e4fcb0 R15: 00007fff14e4fd98 There's really nothing wrong here, outside of processing these reads will take a LONG time. However, we can speed up the exit by checking the IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT inside the io_worker_handle_work() loop, as syzbot will exit the ring after queueing up all of these reads. Then once the first item is processed, io-wq will simply cancel the rest. That should avoid syzbot running into this complaint again.

CVE-2026-23319. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix a UAF issue in bpf_trampoline_link_cgroup_shim The root cause of this bug is that when 'bpf_link_put' reduces the refcount of 'shim_link->link.link' to zero, the resource is considered released but may still be referenced via 'tr->progs_hlist' in 'cgroup_shim_find'. The actual cleanup of 'tr->progs_hlist' in 'bpf_shim_tramp_link_release' is deferred. During this window, another process can cause a use-after-free via 'bpf_trampoline_link_cgroup_shim'. Based on Martin KaFai Lau's suggestions, I have created a simple patch. To fix this: Add an atomic non-zero check in 'bpf_trampoline_link_cgroup_shim'. Only increment the refcount if it is not already zero. Testing: I verified the fix by adding a delay in 'bpf_shim_tramp_link_release' to make the bug easier to trigger: static void bpf_shim_tramp_link_release(struct bpf_link *link) { /* ... */ if (!shim_link->trampoline) return; + msleep(100); WARN_ON_ONCE(bpf_trampoline_unlink_prog(&shim_link->link, shim_link->trampoline, NULL)); bpf_trampoline_put(shim_link->trampoline); } Before the patch, running a PoC easily reproduced the crash(almost 100%) with a call trace similar to KaiyanM's report. After the patch, the bug no longer occurs even after millions of iterations.

CVE-2026-31580. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bcache: fix cached_dev.sb_bio use-after-free and crash In our production environment, we have received multiple crash reports regarding libceph, which have caught our attention: ``` [6888366.280350] Call Trace: [6888366.280452] blk_update_request+0x14e/0x370 [6888366.280561] blk_mq_end_request+0x1a/0x130 [6888366.280671] rbd_img_handle_request+0x1a0/0x1b0 [rbd] [6888366.280792] rbd_obj_handle_request+0x32/0x40 [rbd] [6888366.280903] __complete_request+0x22/0x70 [libceph] [6888366.281032] osd_dispatch+0x15e/0xb40 [libceph] [6888366.281164] ? inet_recvmsg+0x5b/0xd0 [6888366.281272] ? ceph_tcp_recvmsg+0x6f/0xa0 [libceph] [6888366.281405] ceph_con_process_message+0x79/0x140 [libceph] [6888366.281534] ceph_con_v1_try_read+0x5d7/0xf30 [libceph] [6888366.281661] ceph_con_workfn+0x329/0x680 [libceph] ``` After analyzing the coredump file, we found that the address of dc->sb_bio has been freed. We know that cached_dev is only freed when it is stopped. Since sb_bio is a part of struct cached_dev, rather than an alloc every time. If the device is stopped while writing to the superblock, the released address will be accessed at endio. This patch hopes to wait for sb_write to complete in cached_dev_free. It should be noted that we analyzed the cause of the problem, then tell all details to the QWEN and adopted the modifications it made.

CVE-2026-31700. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap'd vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd() In tpacket_snd(), when PACKET_VNET_HDR is enabled, vnet_hdr points directly into the mmap'd TX ring buffer shared with userspace. The kernel validates the header via __packet_snd_vnet_parse() but then re-reads all fields later in virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(). A concurrent userspace thread can modify the vnet_hdr fields between validation and use, bypassing all safety checks. The non-TPACKET path (packet_snd()) already correctly copies vnet_hdr to a stack-local variable. All other vnet_hdr consumers in the kernel (tun.c, tap.c, virtio_net.c) also use stack copies. The TPACKET TX path is the only caller of virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() that reads directly from user-controlled shared memory. Fix this by copying vnet_hdr from the mmap'd ring buffer to a stack-local variable before validation and use, consistent with the approach used in packet_snd() and all other callers.

CVE-2026-31696. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix missing validation of ticket length in non-XDR key preparsing In rxrpc_preparse(), there are two paths for parsing key payloads: the XDR path (for large payloads) and the non-XDR path (for payloads <= 28 bytes). While the XDR path (rxrpc_preparse_xdr_rxkad()) correctly validates the ticket length against AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX, the non-XDR path fails to do so. This allows an unprivileged user to provide a very large ticket length. When this key is later read via rxrpc_read(), the total token size (toksize) calculation results in a value that exceeds AFSTOKEN_LENGTH_MAX, triggering a WARN_ON(). [ 2001.302904] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2108 at net/rxrpc/key.c:778 rxrpc_read+0x109/0x5c0 [rxrpc] Fix this by adding a check in the non-XDR parsing path of rxrpc_preparse() to ensure the ticket length does not exceed AFSTOKEN_RK_TIX_MAX, bringing it into parity with the XDR parsing logic.

CVE-2026-23157. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: do not strictly require dirty metadata threshold for metadata writepages [BUG] There is an internal report that over 1000 processes are waiting at the io_schedule_timeout() of balance_dirty_pages(), causing a system hang and trigger a kernel coredump. The kernel is v6.4 kernel based, but the root problem still applies to any upstream kernel before v6.18. [CAUSE] From Jan Kara for his wisdom on the dirty page balance behavior first. This cgroup dirty limit was what was actually playing the role here because the cgroup had only a small amount of memory and so the dirty limit for it was something like 16MB. Dirty throttling is responsible for enforcing that nobody can dirty (significantly) more dirty memory than there's dirty limit. Thus when a task is dirtying pages it periodically enters into balance_dirty_pages() and we let it sleep there to slow down the dirtying. When the system is over dirty limit already (either globally or within a cgroup of the running task), we will not let the task exit from balance_dirty_pages() until the number of dirty pages drops below the limit. So in this particular case, as I already mentioned, there was a cgroup with relatively small amount of memory and as a result with dirty limit set at 16MB. A task from that cgroup has dirtied about 28MB worth of pages in btrfs btree inode and these were practically the only dirty pages in that cgroup. So that means the only way to reduce the dirty pages of that cgroup is to writeback the dirty pages of btrfs btree inode, and only after that those processes can exit balance_dirty_pages(). Now back to the btrfs part, btree_writepages() is responsible for writing back dirty btree inode pages. The problem here is, there is a btrfs internal threshold that if the btree inode's dirty bytes are below the 32M threshold, it will not do any writeback. This behavior is to batch as much metadata as possible so we won't write back those tree blocks and then later re-COW them again for another modification. This internal 32MiB is higher than the existing dirty page size (28MiB), meaning no writeback will happen, causing a deadlock between btrfs and cgroup: - Btrfs doesn't want to write back btree inode until more dirty pages - Cgroup/MM doesn't want more dirty pages for btrfs btree inode Thus any process touching that btree inode is put into sleep until the number of dirty pages is reduced. Thanks Jan Kara a lot for the analysis of the root cause. [ENHANCEMENT] Since kernel commit b55102826d7d ("btrfs: set AS_KERNEL_FILE on the btree_inode"), btrfs btree inode pages will only be charged to the root cgroup which should have a much larger limit than btrfs' 32MiB threshold. So it should not affect newer kernels. But for all current LTS kernels, they are all affected by this problem, and backporting the whole AS_KERNEL_FILE may not be a good idea. Even for newer kernels I still think it's a good idea to get rid of the internal threshold at btree_writepages(), since for most cases cgroup/MM has a better view of full system memory usage than btrfs' fixed threshold. For internal callers using btrfs_btree_balance_dirty() since that function is already doing internal threshold check, we don't need to bother them. But for external callers of btree_writepages(), just respect their requests and write back whatever they want, ignoring the internal btrfs threshold to avoid such deadlock on btree inode dirty page balancing.

CVE-2026-23279. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: fix NULL pointer dereference in mesh_rx_csa_frame() In mesh_rx_csa_frame(), elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie is dereferenced at lines 1638 and 1642 without a prior NULL check: ifmsh->chsw_ttl = elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie->mesh_ttl; ... pre_value = le16_to_cpu(elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie->mesh_pre_value); The mesh_matches_local() check above only validates the Mesh ID, Mesh Configuration, and Supported Rates IEs. It does not verify the presence of the Mesh Channel Switch Parameters IE (element ID 118). When a received CSA action frame omits that IE, ieee802_11_parse_elems() leaves elems->mesh_chansw_params_ie as NULL, and the unconditional dereference causes a kernel NULL pointer dereference. A remote mesh peer with an established peer link (PLINK_ESTAB) can trigger this by sending a crafted SPECTRUM_MGMT/CHL_SWITCH action frame that includes a matching Mesh ID and Mesh Configuration IE but omits the Mesh Channel Switch Parameters IE. No authentication beyond the default open mesh peering is required. Crash confirmed on kernel 6.17.0-5-generic via mac80211_hwsim: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI RIP: 0010:ieee80211_mesh_rx_queued_mgmt+0x143/0x2a0 [mac80211] CR2: 0000000000000000 Fix by adding a NULL check for mesh_chansw_params_ie after mesh_matches_local() returns, consistent with how other optional IEs are guarded throughout the mesh code. The bug has been present since v3.13 (released 2014-01-19).

CVE-2026-23272. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: unconditionally bump set->nelems before insertion In case that the set is full, a new element gets published then removed without waiting for the RCU grace period, while RCU reader can be walking over it already. To address this issue, add the element transaction even if set is full, but toggle the set_full flag to report -ENFILE so the abort path safely unwinds the set to its previous state. As for element updates, decrement set->nelems to restore it. A simpler fix is to call synchronize_rcu() in the error path. However, with a large batch adding elements to already maxed-out set, this could cause noticeable slowdown of such batches.

CVE-2026-23397. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfnetlink_osf: validate individual option lengths in fingerprints nfnl_osf_add_callback() validates opt_num bounds and string NUL-termination but does not check individual option length fields. A zero-length option causes nf_osf_match_one() to enter the option matching loop even when foptsize sums to zero, which matches packets with no TCP options where ctx->optp is NULL: Oops: general protection fault KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: 0010:nf_osf_match_one (net/netfilter/nfnetlink_osf.c:98) Call Trace: nf_osf_match (net/netfilter/nfnetlink_osf.c:227) xt_osf_match_packet (net/netfilter/xt_osf.c:32) ipt_do_table (net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.c:293) nf_hook_slow (net/netfilter/core.c:623) ip_local_deliver (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:262) ip_rcv (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:573) Additionally, an MSS option (kind=2) with length < 4 causes out-of-bounds reads when nf_osf_match_one() unconditionally accesses optp[2] and optp[3] for MSS value extraction. While RFC 9293 section 3.2 specifies that the MSS option is always exactly 4 bytes (Kind=2, Length=4), the check uses "< 4" rather than "!= 4" because lengths greater than 4 do not cause memory safety issues -- the buffer is guaranteed to be at least foptsize bytes by the ctx->optsize == foptsize check. Reject fingerprints where any option has zero length, or where an MSS option has length less than 4, at add time rather than trusting these values in the packet matching hot path.

CVE-2026-23310. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf/bonding: reject vlan+srcmac xmit_hash_policy change when XDP is loaded bond_option_mode_set() already rejects mode changes that would make a loaded XDP program incompatible via bond_xdp_check(). However, bond_option_xmit_hash_policy_set() has no such guard. For 802.3ad and balance-xor modes, bond_xdp_check() returns false when xmit_hash_policy is vlan+srcmac, because the 802.1q payload is usually absent due to hardware offload. This means a user can: 1. Attach a native XDP program to a bond in 802.3ad/balance-xor mode with a compatible xmit_hash_policy (e.g. layer2+3). 2. Change xmit_hash_policy to vlan+srcmac while XDP remains loaded. This leaves bond->xdp_prog set but bond_xdp_check() now returning false for the same device. When the bond is later destroyed, dev_xdp_uninstall() calls bond_xdp_set(dev, NULL, NULL) to remove the program, which hits the bond_xdp_check() guard and returns -EOPNOTSUPP, triggering: WARN_ON(dev_xdp_install(dev, mode, bpf_op, NULL, 0, NULL)) Fix this by rejecting xmit_hash_policy changes to vlan+srcmac when an XDP program is loaded on a bond in 802.3ad or balance-xor mode. commit 39a0876d595b ("net, bonding: Disallow vlan+srcmac with XDP") introduced bond_xdp_check() which returns false for 802.3ad/balance-xor modes when xmit_hash_policy is vlan+srcmac. The check was wired into bond_xdp_set() to reject XDP attachment with an incompatible policy, but the symmetric path -- preventing xmit_hash_policy from being changed to an incompatible value after XDP is already loaded -- was left unguarded in bond_option_xmit_hash_policy_set(). Note: commit 094ee6017ea0 ("bonding: check xdp prog when set bond mode") later added a similar guard to bond_option_mode_set(), but bond_option_xmit_hash_policy_set() remained unprotected.

CVE-2026-23317. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vmwgfx: Return the correct value in vmw_translate_ptr functions Before the referenced fixes these functions used a lookup function that returned a pointer. This was changed to another lookup function that returned an error code with the pointer becoming an out parameter. The error path when the lookup failed was not changed to reflect this change and the code continued to return the PTR_ERR of the now uninitialized pointer. This could cause the vmw_translate_ptr functions to return success when they actually failed causing further uninitialized and OOB accesses.

CVE-2026-23271. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf: Fix __perf_event_overflow() vs perf_remove_from_context() race Make sure that __perf_event_overflow() runs with IRQs disabled for all possible callchains. Specifically the software events can end up running it with only preemption disabled. This opens up a race vs perf_event_exit_event() and friends that will go and free various things the overflow path expects to be present, like the BPF program.

CVE-2026-31451. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: replace BUG_ON with proper error handling in ext4_read_inline_folio Replace BUG_ON() with proper error handling when inline data size exceeds PAGE_SIZE. This prevents kernel panic and allows the system to continue running while properly reporting the filesystem corruption. The error is logged via ext4_error_inode(), the buffer head is released to prevent memory leak, and -EFSCORRUPTED is returned to indicate filesystem corruption.

CVE-2026-23357. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: mcp251x: fix deadlock in error path of mcp251x_open The mcp251x_open() function call free_irq() in its error path with the mpc_lock mutex held. But if an interrupt already occurred the interrupt handler will be waiting for the mpc_lock and free_irq() will deadlock waiting for the handler to finish. This issue is similar to the one fixed in commit 7dd9c26bd6cf ("can: mcp251x: fix deadlock if an interrupt occurs during mcp251x_open") but for the error path. To solve this issue move the call to free_irq() after the lock is released. Setting `priv->force_quit = 1` beforehand ensure that the IRQ handler will exit right away once it acquired the lock.

CVE-2026-31612. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: validate EaNameLength in smb2_get_ea() smb2_get_ea() reads ea_req->EaNameLength from the client request and passes it directly to strncmp() as the comparison length without verifying that the length of the name really is the size of the input buffer received. Fix this up by properly checking the size of the name based on the value received and the overall size of the request, to prevent a later strncmp() call to use the length as a "trusted" size of the buffer. Without this check, uninitialized heap values might be slowly leaked to the client.

CVE-2026-23367. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: radiotap: reject radiotap with unknown bits The radiotap parser is currently only used with the radiotap namespace (not with vendor namespaces), but if the undefined field 18 is used, the alignment/size is unknown as well. In this case, iterator->_next_ns_data isn't initialized (it's only set for skipping vendor namespaces), and syzbot points out that we later compare against this uninitialized value. Fix this by moving the rejection of unknown radiotap fields down to after the in-namespace lookup, so it will really use iterator->_next_ns_data only for vendor namespaces, even in case undefined fields are present.

CVE-2026-23281. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: libertas: fix use-after-free in lbs_free_adapter() The lbs_free_adapter() function uses timer_delete() (non-synchronous) for both command_timer and tx_lockup_timer before the structure is freed. This is incorrect because timer_delete() does not wait for any running timer callback to complete. If a timer callback is executing when lbs_free_adapter() is called, the callback will access freed memory since lbs_cfg_free() frees the containing structure immediately after lbs_free_adapter() returns. Both timer callbacks (lbs_cmd_timeout_handler and lbs_tx_lockup_handler) access priv->driver_lock, priv->cur_cmd, priv->dev, and other fields, which would all be use-after-free violations. Use timer_delete_sync() instead to ensure any running timer callback has completed before returning. This bug was introduced in commit 8f641d93c38a ("libertas: detect TX lockups and reset hardware") where del_timer() was used instead of del_timer_sync() in the cleanup path. The command_timer has had the same issue since the driver was first written.

CVE-2026-31704. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: use check_add_overflow() to prevent u16 DACL size overflow set_posix_acl_entries_dacl() and set_ntacl_dacl() accumulate ACE sizes in u16 variables. When a file has many POSIX ACL entries, the accumulated size can wrap past 65535, causing the pointer arithmetic (char *)pndace + *size to land within already-written ACEs. Subsequent writes then overwrite earlier entries, and pndacl->size gets a truncated value. Use check_add_overflow() at each accumulation point to detect the wrap before it corrupts the buffer, consistent with existing check_mul_overflow() usage elsewhere in smbacl.c.

CVE-2026-23336. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: cancel rfkill_block work in wiphy_unregister() There is a use-after-free error in cfg80211_shutdown_all_interfaces found by syzkaller: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in cfg80211_shutdown_all_interfaces+0x213/0x220 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888112a78d98 by task kworker/0:5/5326 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5326 Comm: kworker/0:5 Not tainted 6.19.0-rc2 #2 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: events cfg80211_rfkill_block_work Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 print_report+0xcd/0x630 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 cfg80211_shutdown_all_interfaces+0x213/0x220 cfg80211_rfkill_block_work+0x1e/0x30 process_one_work+0x9cf/0x1b70 worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf10 kthread+0x3c5/0x780 ret_from_fork+0x56d/0x700 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> The problem arises due to the rfkill_block work is not cancelled when wiphy is being unregistered. In order to fix the issue cancel the corresponding work in wiphy_unregister(). Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.

CVE-2026-23398. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: icmp: fix NULL pointer dereference in icmp_tag_validation() icmp_tag_validation() unconditionally dereferences the result of rcu_dereference(inet_protos[proto]) without checking for NULL. The inet_protos[] array is sparse -- only about 15 of 256 protocol numbers have registered handlers. When ip_no_pmtu_disc is set to 3 (hardened PMTU mode) and the kernel receives an ICMP Fragmentation Needed error with a quoted inner IP header containing an unregistered protocol number, the NULL dereference causes a kernel panic in softirq context. Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000002: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000010-0x0000000000000017] RIP: 0010:icmp_unreach (net/ipv4/icmp.c:1085 net/ipv4/icmp.c:1143) Call Trace: <IRQ> icmp_rcv (net/ipv4/icmp.c:1527) ip_protocol_deliver_rcu (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:207) ip_local_deliver_finish (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:242) ip_local_deliver (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:262) ip_rcv (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:573) __netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:6164) process_backlog (net/core/dev.c:6628) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:561) </IRQ> Add a NULL check before accessing icmp_strict_tag_validation. If the protocol has no registered handler, return false since it cannot perform strict tag validation.

CVE-2026-23291. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: pn533: properly drop the usb interface reference on disconnect When the device is disconnected from the driver, there is a "dangling" reference count on the usb interface that was grabbed in the probe callback. Fix this up by properly dropping the reference after we are done with it.

CVE-2026-31624. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: core: clamp report_size in s32ton() to avoid undefined shift s32ton() shifts by n-1 where n is the field's report_size, a value that comes directly from a HID device. The HID parser bounds report_size only to <= 256, so a broken HID device can supply a report descriptor with a wide field that triggers shift exponents up to 256 on a 32-bit type when an output report is built via hid_output_field() or hid_set_field(). Commit ec61b41918587 ("HID: core: fix shift-out-of-bounds in hid_report_raw_event") added the same n > 32 clamp to the function snto32(), but s32ton() was never given the same fix as I guess syzbot hadn't figured out how to fuzz a device the same way. Fix this up by just clamping the max value of n, just like snto32() does.

CVE-2026-31617. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: f_ncm: validate minimum block_len in ncm_unwrap_ntb() The block_len read from the host-supplied NTB header is checked against ntb_max but has no lower bound. When block_len is smaller than opts->ndp_size, the bounds check of: ndp_index > (block_len - opts->ndp_size) will underflow producing a huge unsigned value that ndp_index can never exceed, defeating the check entirely. The same underflow occurs in the datagram index checks against block_len - opts->dpe_size. With those checks neutered, a malicious USB host can choose ndp_index and datagram offsets that point past the actual transfer, and the skb_put_data() copies adjacent kernel memory into the network skb. Fix this by rejecting block lengths that cannot hold at least the NTB header plus one NDP. This will make block_len - opts->ndp_size and block_len - opts->dpe_size both well-defined. Commit 8d2b1a1ec9f5 ("CDC-NCM: avoid overflow in sanity checking") fixed a related class of issues on the host side of NCM.

CVE-2026-31611. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: require 3 sub-authorities before reading sub_auth[2] parse_dacl() compares each ACE SID against sid_unix_NFS_mode and on match reads sid.sub_auth[2] as the file mode. If sid_unix_NFS_mode is the prefix S-1-5-88-3 with num_subauth = 2 then compare_sids() compares only min(num_subauth, 2) sub-authorities so a client SID with num_subauth = 2 and sub_auth = {88, 3} will match. If num_subauth = 2 and the ACE is placed at the very end of the security descriptor, sub_auth[2] will be 4 bytes past end_of_acl. The out-of-band bytes will then be masked to the low 9 bits and applied as the file's POSIX mode, probably not something that is good to have happen. Fix this up by forcing the SID to actually carry a third sub-authority before reading it at all.

CVE-2026-23382. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: Add HID_CLAIMED_INPUT guards in raw_event callbacks missing them In commit 2ff5baa9b527 ("HID: appleir: Fix potential NULL dereference at raw event handle"), we handle the fact that raw event callbacks can happen even for a HID device that has not been "claimed" causing a crash if a broken device were attempted to be connected to the system. Fix up the remaining in-tree HID drivers that forgot to add this same check to resolve the same issue.

CVE-2026-31630. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: proc: size address buffers for %pISpc output The AF_RXRPC procfs helpers format local and remote socket addresses into fixed 50-byte stack buffers with "%pISpc". That is too small for the longest current-tree IPv6-with-port form the formatter can produce. In lib/vsprintf.c, the compressed IPv6 path uses a dotted-quad tail not only for v4mapped addresses, but also for ISATAP addresses via ipv6_addr_is_isatap(). As a result, a case such as [ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:0:5efe:255.255.255.255]:65535 is possible with the current formatter. That is 50 visible characters, so 51 bytes including the trailing NUL, which does not fit in the existing char[50] buffers used by net/rxrpc/proc.c. Size the buffers from the formatter's maximum textual form and switch the call sites to scnprintf(). Changes since v1: - correct the changelog to cite the actual maximum current-tree case explicitly - frame the proof around the ISATAP formatting path instead of the earlier mapped-v4 example

CVE-2026-31694. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: reject oversized dirents in page cache fuse_add_dirent_to_cache() computes a serialized dirent size from the server-controlled namelen field and copies the dirent into a single page-cache page. The existing logic only checks whether the dirent fits in the remaining space of the current page and advances to a fresh page if not. It never checks whether the dirent itself exceeds PAGE_SIZE. As a result, a malicious FUSE server can return a dirent with namelen=4095, producing a serialized record size of 4120 bytes. On 4 KiB page systems this causes memcpy() to overflow the cache page by 24 bytes into the following kernel page. Reject dirents that cannot fit in a single page before copying them into the readdir cache.

CVE-2026-23352. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/efi: defer freeing of boot services memory efi_free_boot_services() frees memory occupied by EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_CODE and EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_DATA using memblock_free_late(). There are two issue with that: memblock_free_late() should be used for memory allocated with memblock_alloc() while the memory reserved with memblock_reserve() should be freed with free_reserved_area(). More acutely, with CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT=y efi_free_boot_services() is called before deferred initialization of the memory map is complete. Benjamin Herrenschmidt reports that this causes a leak of ~140MB of RAM on EC2 t3a.nano instances which only have 512MB or RAM. If the freed memory resides in the areas that memory map for them is still uninitialized, they won't be actually freed because memblock_free_late() calls memblock_free_pages() and the latter skips uninitialized pages. Using free_reserved_area() at this point is also problematic because __free_page() accesses the buddy of the freed page and that again might end up in uninitialized part of the memory map. Delaying the entire efi_free_boot_services() could be problematic because in addition to freeing boot services memory it updates efi.memmap without any synchronization and that's undesirable late in boot when there is concurrency. More robust approach is to only defer freeing of the EFI boot services memory. Split efi_free_boot_services() in two. First efi_unmap_boot_services() collects ranges that should be freed into an array then efi_free_boot_services() later frees them after deferred init is complete.

CVE-2026-31613. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix OOB reads parsing symlink error response When a CREATE returns STATUS_STOPPED_ON_SYMLINK, smb2_check_message() returns success without any length validation, leaving the symlink parsers as the only defense against an untrusted server. symlink_data() walks SMB 3.1.1 error contexts with the loop test "p < end", but reads p->ErrorId at offset 4 and p->ErrorDataLength at offset 0. When the server-controlled ErrorDataLength advances p to within 1-7 bytes of end, the next iteration will read past it. When the matching context is found, sym->SymLinkErrorTag is read at offset 4 from p->ErrorContextData with no check that the symlink header itself fits. smb2_parse_symlink_response() then bounds-checks the substitute name using SMB2_SYMLINK_STRUCT_SIZE as the offset of PathBuffer from iov_base. That value is computed as sizeof(smb2_err_rsp) + sizeof(smb2_symlink_err_rsp), which is correct only when ErrorContextCount == 0. With at least one error context the symlink data sits 8 bytes deeper, and each skipped non-matching context shifts it further by 8 + ALIGN(ErrorDataLength, 8). The check is too short, allowing the substitute name read to run past iov_len. The out-of-bound heap bytes are UTF-16-decoded into the symlink target and returned to userspace via readlink(2). Fix this all up by making the loops test require the full context header to fit, rejecting sym if its header runs past end, and bound the substitute name against the actual position of sym->PathBuffer rather than a fixed offset. Because sub_offs and sub_len are 16bits, the pointer math will not overflow here with the new greater-than.

CVE-2026-23231. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: fix use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain() nf_tables_addchain() publishes the chain to table->chains via list_add_tail_rcu() (in nft_chain_add()) before registering hooks. If nf_tables_register_hook() then fails, the error path calls nft_chain_del() (list_del_rcu()) followed by nf_tables_chain_destroy() with no RCU grace period in between. This creates two use-after-free conditions: 1) Control-plane: nf_tables_dump_chains() traverses table->chains under rcu_read_lock(). A concurrent dump can still be walking the chain when the error path frees it. 2) Packet path: for NFPROTO_INET, nf_register_net_hook() briefly installs the IPv4 hook before IPv6 registration fails. Packets entering nft_do_chain() via the transient IPv4 hook can still be dereferencing chain->blob_gen_X when the error path frees the chain. Add synchronize_rcu() between nft_chain_del() and the chain destroy so that all RCU readers -- both dump threads and in-flight packet evaluation -- have finished before the chain is freed.

CVE-2026-23356. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drbd: fix "LOGIC BUG" in drbd_al_begin_io_nonblock() Even though we check that we "should" be able to do lc_get_cumulative() while holding the device->al_lock spinlock, it may still fail, if some other code path decided to do lc_try_lock() with bad timing. If that happened, we logged "LOGIC BUG for enr=...", but still did not return an error. The rest of the code now assumed that this request has references for the relevant activity log extents. The implcations are that during an active resync, mutual exclusivity of resync versus application IO is not guaranteed. And a potential crash at this point may not realizs that these extents could have been target of in-flight IO and would need to be resynced just in case. Also, once the request completes, it will give up activity log references it does not even hold, which will trigger a BUG_ON(refcnt == 0) in lc_put(). Fix: Do not crash the kernel for a condition that is harmless during normal operation: also catch "e->refcnt == 0", not only "e == NULL" when being noisy about "al_complete_io() called on inactive extent %u\n". And do not try to be smart and "guess" whether something will work, then be surprised when it does not. Deal with the fact that it may or may not work. If it does not, remember a possible "partially in activity log" state (only possible for requests that cross extent boundaries), and return an error code from drbd_al_begin_io_nonblock(). A latter call for the same request will then resume from where we left off.

CVE-2026-23304. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: fix NULL pointer deref in ip6_rt_get_dev_rcu() l3mdev_master_dev_rcu() can return NULL when the slave device is being un-slaved from a VRF. All other callers deal with this, but we lost the fallback to loopback in ip6_rt_pcpu_alloc() -> ip6_rt_get_dev_rcu() with commit 4832c30d5458 ("net: ipv6: put host and anycast routes on device with address"). KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000108-0x000000000000010f] RIP: 0010:ip6_rt_pcpu_alloc (net/ipv6/route.c:1418) Call Trace: ip6_pol_route (net/ipv6/route.c:2318) fib6_rule_lookup (net/ipv6/fib6_rules.c:115) ip6_route_output_flags (net/ipv6/route.c:2607) vrf_process_v6_outbound (drivers/net/vrf.c:437) I was tempted to rework the un-slaving code to clear the flag first and insert synchronize_rcu() before we remove the upper. But looks like the explicit fallback to loopback_dev is an established pattern. And I guess avoiding the synchronize_rcu() is nice, too.

CVE-2026-23343. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xdp: produce a warning when calculated tailroom is negative Many ethernet drivers report xdp Rx queue frag size as being the same as DMA write size. However, the only user of this field, namely bpf_xdp_frags_increase_tail(), clearly expects a truesize. Such difference leads to unspecific memory corruption issues under certain circumstances, e.g. in ixgbevf maximum DMA write size is 3 KB, so when running xskxceiver's XDP_ADJUST_TAIL_GROW_MULTI_BUFF, 6K packet fully uses all DMA-writable space in 2 buffers. This would be fine, if only rxq->frag_size was properly set to 4K, but value of 3K results in a negative tailroom, because there is a non-zero page offset. We are supposed to return -EINVAL and be done with it in such case, but due to tailroom being stored as an unsigned int, it is reported to be somewhere near UINT_MAX, resulting in a tail being grown, even if the requested offset is too much (it is around 2K in the abovementioned test). This later leads to all kinds of unspecific calltraces. [ 7340.337579] xskxceiver[1440]: segfault at 1da718 ip 00007f4161aeac9d sp 00007f41615a6a00 error 6 [ 7340.338040] xskxceiver[1441]: segfault at 7f410000000b ip 00000000004042b5 sp 00007f415bffecf0 error 4 [ 7340.338179] in libc.so.6[61c9d,7f4161aaf000+160000] [ 7340.339230] in xskxceiver[42b5,400000+69000] [ 7340.340300] likely on CPU 6 (core 0, socket 6) [ 7340.340302] Code: ff ff 01 e9 f4 fe ff ff 0f 1f 44 00 00 4c 39 f0 74 73 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 f0 0f b1 17 0f 85 ba 00 00 00 49 8b 87 88 00 00 00 <4c> 89 70 08 eb cc 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 8d bd f0 fe ff ff 89 85 ec fe [ 7340.340888] likely on CPU 3 (core 0, socket 3) [ 7340.345088] Code: 00 00 00 ba 00 00 00 00 be 00 00 00 00 89 c7 e8 31 ca ff ff 89 45 ec 8b 45 ec 85 c0 78 07 b8 00 00 00 00 eb 46 e8 0b c8 ff ff <8b> 00 83 f8 69 74 24 e8 ff c7 ff ff 8b 00 83 f8 0b 74 18 e8 f3 c7 [ 7340.404334] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x6d255010bdffc: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 7340.405972] CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 1439 Comm: xskxceiver Not tainted 6.19.0-rc1+ #21 PREEMPT(lazy) [ 7340.408006] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.17.0-5.fc42 04/01/2014 [ 7340.409716] RIP: 0010:lookup_swap_cgroup_id+0x44/0x80 [ 7340.410455] Code: 83 f8 1c 73 39 48 ba ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 03 48 8b 04 c5 20 55 fa bd 48 21 d1 48 89 ca 83 e1 01 48 d1 ea c1 e1 04 48 8d 04 90 <8b> 00 48 83 c4 10 d3 e8 c3 cc cc cc cc 31 c0 e9 98 b7 dd 00 48 89 [ 7340.412787] RSP: 0018:ffffcc5c04f7f6d0 EFLAGS: 00010202 [ 7340.413494] RAX: 0006d255010bdffc RBX: ffff891f477895a8 RCX: 0000000000000010 [ 7340.414431] RDX: 0001c17e3fffffff RSI: 00fa070000000000 RDI: 000382fc7fffffff [ 7340.415354] RBP: 00fa070000000000 R08: ffffcc5c04f7f8f8 R09: ffffcc5c04f7f7d0 [ 7340.416283] R10: ffff891f4c1a7000 R11: ffffcc5c04f7f9c8 R12: ffffcc5c04f7f7d0 [ 7340.417218] R13: 03ffffffffffffff R14: 00fa06fffffffe00 R15: ffff891f47789500 [ 7340.418229] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff891ffdfaa000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 7340.419489] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 7340.420286] CR2: 00007f415bfffd58 CR3: 0000000103f03002 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [ 7340.421237] PKRU: 55555554 [ 7340.421623] Call Trace: [ 7340.421987] <TASK> [ 7340.422309] ? softleaf_from_pte+0x77/0xa0 [ 7340.422855] swap_pte_batch+0xa7/0x290 [ 7340.423363] zap_nonpresent_ptes.constprop.0.isra.0+0xd1/0x270 [ 7340.424102] zap_pte_range+0x281/0x580 [ 7340.424607] zap_pmd_range.isra.0+0xc9/0x240 [ 7340.425177] unmap_page_range+0x24d/0x420 [ 7340.425714] unmap_vmas+0xa1/0x180 [ 7340.426185] exit_mmap+0xe1/0x3b0 [ 7340.426644] __mmput+0x41/0x150 [ 7340.427098] exit_mm+0xb1/0x110 [ 7340.427539] do_exit+0x1b2/0x460 [ 7340.427992] do_group_exit+0x2d/0xc0 [ 7340.428477] get_signal+0x79d/0x7e0 [ 7340.428957] arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x34/0x100 [ 7340.429571] exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x8e/0x4c0 [ 7340.430159] do_syscall_64+0x188/ ---truncated---

CVE-2026-23321. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: pm: in-kernel: always mark signal+subflow endp as used Syzkaller managed to find a combination of actions that was generating this warning: msk->pm.local_addr_used == 0 WARNING: net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1071 at __mark_subflow_endp_available net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1071 [inline], CPU#1: syz.2.17/961 WARNING: net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1071 at mptcp_nl_remove_subflow_and_signal_addr net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1103 [inline], CPU#1: syz.2.17/961 WARNING: net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1071 at mptcp_pm_nl_del_addr_doit+0x81d/0x8f0 net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1210, CPU#1: syz.2.17/961 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 961 Comm: syz.2.17 Not tainted 6.19.0-08368-gfafda3b4b06b #22 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 25.10 PC v2 (i440FX + PIIX, + 10.1 machine, 1996), BIOS 1.17.0-debian-1.17.0-1build1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:__mark_subflow_endp_available net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1071 [inline] RIP: 0010:mptcp_nl_remove_subflow_and_signal_addr net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1103 [inline] RIP: 0010:mptcp_pm_nl_del_addr_doit+0x81d/0x8f0 net/mptcp/pm_kernel.c:1210 Code: 89 c5 e8 46 30 6f fe e9 21 fd ff ff 49 83 ed 80 e8 38 30 6f fe 4c 89 ef be 03 00 00 00 e8 db 49 df fe eb ac e8 24 30 6f fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 e9 1d ff ff ff e8 16 30 6f fe eb 05 e8 0f 30 6f fe e8 9a RSP: 0018:ffffc90001663880 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff82de1a6c RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffff88800722b500 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff8880158b22d0 R08: 0000000000010425 R09: ffffffffffffffff R10: ffffffff82de18ba R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88800641a640 R13: ffff8880158b1880 R14: ffff88801ec3c900 R15: ffff88800641a650 FS: 00005555722c3500(0000) GS:ffff8880f909d000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f66346e0f60 CR3: 000000001607c000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0 Call Trace: <TASK> genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x117/0x180 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1115 genl_family_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:1195 [inline] genl_rcv_msg+0x3a8/0x3f0 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1210 netlink_rcv_skb+0x16d/0x240 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550 genl_rcv+0x28/0x40 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1219 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1318 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x3e9/0x4c0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344 netlink_sendmsg+0x4aa/0x5b0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:727 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0xc9/0xf0 net/socket.c:742 ____sys_sendmsg+0x272/0x3b0 net/socket.c:2592 ___sys_sendmsg+0x2de/0x320 net/socket.c:2646 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2678 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2683 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2681 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x110/0x1a0 net/socket.c:2681 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x143/0x440 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f66346f826d Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007ffc83d8bdc8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6634985fa0 RCX: 00007f66346f826d RDX: 00000000040000b0 RSI: 0000200000000740 RDI: 0000000000000007 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f6634985fa8 R13: 00007f6634985fac R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000001770 </TASK> The actions that caused that seem to be: - Set the MPTCP subflows limit to 0 - Create an MPTCP endpoint with both the 'signal' and 'subflow' flags - Create a new MPTCP connection from a different address: an ADD_ADDR linked to the MPTCP endpoint will be sent ('signal' flag), but no subflows is initiated ('subflow' flag) - Remove the MPTCP endpoint ---truncated---

CVE-2026-23204. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: cls_u32: use skb_header_pointer_careful() skb_header_pointer() does not fully validate negative @offset values. Use skb_header_pointer_careful() instead. GangMin Kim provided a report and a repro fooling u32_classify(): BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in u32_classify+0x1180/0x11b0 net/sched/cls_u32.c:221

CVE-2026-23378. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_ife: Fix metalist update behavior Whenever an ife action replace changes the metalist, instead of replacing the old data on the metalist, the current ife code is appending the new metadata. Aside from being innapropriate behavior, this may lead to an unbounded addition of metadata to the metalist which might cause an out of bounds error when running the encode op: [ 138.423369][ C1] ================================================================== [ 138.424317][ C1] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ife_tlv_meta_encode (net/ife/ife.c:168) [ 138.424906][ C1] Write of size 4 at addr ffff8880077f4ffe by task ife_out_out_bou/255 [ 138.425778][ C1] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 255 Comm: ife_out_out_bou Not tainted 7.0.0-rc1-00169-gfbdfa8da05b6 #624 PREEMPT(full) [ 138.425795][ C1] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011 [ 138.425800][ C1] Call Trace: [ 138.425804][ C1] <IRQ> [ 138.425808][ C1] dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:122) [ 138.425828][ C1] print_report (mm/kasan/report.c:379 mm/kasan/report.c:482) [ 138.425839][ C1] ? srso_alias_return_thunk (arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S:221) [ 138.425844][ C1] ? __virt_addr_valid (./arch/x86/include/asm/preempt.h:95 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/rcupdate.h:975 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/mmzone.h:2207 (discriminator 1) arch/x86/mm/physaddr.c:54 (discriminator 1)) [ 138.425853][ C1] ? ife_tlv_meta_encode (net/ife/ife.c:168) [ 138.425859][ C1] kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:221 mm/kasan/report.c:597) [ 138.425868][ C1] ? ife_tlv_meta_encode (net/ife/ife.c:168) [ 138.425878][ C1] kasan_check_range (mm/kasan/generic.c:186 (discriminator 1) mm/kasan/generic.c:200 (discriminator 1)) [ 138.425884][ C1] __asan_memset (mm/kasan/shadow.c:84 (discriminator 2)) [ 138.425889][ C1] ife_tlv_meta_encode (net/ife/ife.c:168) [ 138.425893][ C1] ? ife_tlv_meta_encode (net/ife/ife.c:171) [ 138.425898][ C1] ? srso_alias_return_thunk (arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S:221) [ 138.425903][ C1] ife_encode_meta_u16 (net/sched/act_ife.c:57) [ 138.425910][ C1] ? __pfx_do_raw_spin_lock (kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c:114) [ 138.425916][ C1] ? __asan_memcpy (mm/kasan/shadow.c:105 (discriminator 3)) [ 138.425921][ C1] ? __pfx_ife_encode_meta_u16 (net/sched/act_ife.c:45) [ 138.425927][ C1] ? srso_alias_return_thunk (arch/x86/lib/retpoline.S:221) [ 138.425931][ C1] tcf_ife_act (net/sched/act_ife.c:847 net/sched/act_ife.c:879) To solve this issue, fix the replace behavior by adding the metalist to the ife rcu data structure.

CVE-2026-23351. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_pipapo: split gc into unlink and reclaim phase Yiming Qian reports Use-after-free in the pipapo set type: Under a large number of expired elements, commit-time GC can run for a very long time in a non-preemptible context, triggering soft lockup warnings and RCU stall reports (local denial of service). We must split GC in an unlink and a reclaim phase. We cannot queue elements for freeing until pointers have been swapped. Expired elements are still exposed to both the packet path and userspace dumpers via the live copy of the data structure. call_rcu() does not protect us: dump operations or element lookups starting after call_rcu has fired can still observe the free'd element, unless the commit phase has made enough progress to swap the clone and live pointers before any new reader has picked up the old version. This a similar approach as done recently for the rbtree backend in commit 35f83a75529a ("netfilter: nft_set_rbtree: don't gc elements on insert").

CVE-2026-23278. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: always walk all pending catchall elements During transaction processing we might have more than one catchall element: 1 live catchall element and 1 pending element that is coming as part of the new batch. If the map holding the catchall elements is also going away, its required to toggle all catchall elements and not just the first viable candidate. Otherwise, we get: WARNING: ./include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h:1281 at nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables], CPU#2: nft/1404 RIP: 0010:nft_data_release+0xb7/0xe0 [nf_tables] [..] __nft_set_elem_destroy+0x106/0x380 [nf_tables] nf_tables_abort_release+0x348/0x8d0 [nf_tables] nf_tables_abort+0xcf2/0x3ac0 [nf_tables] nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0x9c9/0x20e0 [..]

CVE-2026-31622. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFC: digital: Bounds check NFC-A cascade depth in SDD response handler The NFC-A anti-collision cascade in digital_in_recv_sdd_res() appends 3 or 4 bytes to target->nfcid1 on each round, but the number of cascade rounds is controlled entirely by the peer device. The peer sets the cascade tag in the SDD_RES (deciding 3 vs 4 bytes) and the cascade-incomplete bit in the SEL_RES (deciding whether another round follows). ISO 14443-3 limits NFC-A to three cascade levels and target->nfcid1 is sized accordingly (NFC_NFCID1_MAXSIZE = 10), but nothing in the driver actually enforces this. This means a malicious peer can keep the cascade running, writing past the heap-allocated nfc_target with each round. Fix this by rejecting the response when the accumulated UID would exceed the buffer. Commit e329e71013c9 ("NFC: nci: Bounds check struct nfc_target arrays") fixed similar missing checks against the same field on the NCI path.

CVE-2026-23444. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: always free skb on ieee80211_tx_prepare_skb() failure ieee80211_tx_prepare_skb() has three error paths, but only two of them free the skb. The first error path (ieee80211_tx_prepare() returning TX_DROP) does not free it, while invoke_tx_handlers() failure and the fragmentation check both do. Add kfree_skb() to the first error path so all three are consistent, and remove the now-redundant frees in callers (ath9k, mt76, mac80211_hwsim) to avoid double-free. Document the skb ownership guarantee in the function's kdoc.

CVE-2026-23372. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: rawsock: cancel tx_work before socket teardown In rawsock_release(), cancel any pending tx_work and purge the write queue before orphaning the socket. rawsock_tx_work runs on the system workqueue and calls nfc_data_exchange which dereferences the NCI device. Without synchronization, tx_work can race with socket and device teardown when a process is killed (e.g. by SIGKILL), leading to use-after-free or leaked references. Set SEND_SHUTDOWN first so that if tx_work is already running it will see the flag and skip transmitting, then use cancel_work_sync to wait for any in-progress execution to finish, and finally purge any remaining queued skbs.

CVE-2026-23154. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fix segmentation of forwarding fraglist GRO This patch enhances GSO segment handling by properly checking the SKB_GSO_DODGY flag for frag_list GSO packets, addressing low throughput issues observed when a station accesses IPv4 servers via hotspots with an IPv6-only upstream interface. Specifically, it fixes a bug in GSO segmentation when forwarding GRO packets containing a frag_list. The function skb_segment_list cannot correctly process GRO skbs that have been converted by XLAT, since XLAT only translates the header of the head skb. Consequently, skbs in the frag_list may remain untranslated, resulting in protocol inconsistencies and reduced throughput. To address this, the patch explicitly sets the SKB_GSO_DODGY flag for GSO packets in XLAT's IPv4/IPv6 protocol translation helpers (bpf_skb_proto_4_to_6 and bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4). This marks GSO packets as potentially modified after protocol translation. As a result, GSO segmentation will avoid using skb_segment_list and instead falls back to skb_segment for packets with the SKB_GSO_DODGY flag. This ensures that only safe and fully translated frag_list packets are processed by skb_segment_list, resolving protocol inconsistencies and improving throughput when forwarding GRO packets converted by XLAT.

CVE-2026-31705. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix out-of-bounds write in smb2_get_ea() EA alignment smb2_get_ea() applies 4-byte alignment padding via memset() after writing each EA entry. The bounds check on buf_free_len is performed before the value memcpy, but the alignment memset fires unconditionally afterward with no check on remaining space. When the EA value exactly fills the remaining buffer (buf_free_len == 0 after value subtraction), the alignment memset writes 1-3 NUL bytes past the buf_free_len boundary. In compound requests where the response buffer is shared across commands, the first command (e.g., READ) can consume most of the buffer, leaving a tight remainder for the QUERY_INFO EA response. The alignment memset then overwrites past the physical kvmalloc allocation into adjacent kernel heap memory. Add a bounds check before the alignment memset to ensure buf_free_len can accommodate the padding bytes. This is the same bug pattern fixed by commit beef2634f81f ("ksmbd: fix potencial OOB in get_file_all_info() for compound requests") and commit fda9522ed6af ("ksmbd: fix OOB write in QUERY_INFO for compound requests"), both of which added bounds checks before unconditional writes in QUERY_INFO response handlers.

CVE-2026-31449. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: validate p_idx bounds in ext4_ext_correct_indexes ext4_ext_correct_indexes() walks up the extent tree correcting index entries when the first extent in a leaf is modified. Before accessing path[k].p_idx->ei_block, there is no validation that p_idx falls within the valid range of index entries for that level. If the on-disk extent header contains a corrupted or crafted eh_entries value, p_idx can point past the end of the allocated buffer, causing a slab-out-of-bounds read. Fix this by validating path[k].p_idx against EXT_LAST_INDEX() at both access sites: before the while loop and inside it. Return -EFSCORRUPTED if the index pointer is out of range, consistent with how other bounds violations are handled in the ext4 extent tree code.

CVE-2025-68265. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme: fix admin request_queue lifetime The namespaces can access the controller's admin request_queue, and stale references on the namespaces may exist after tearing down the controller. Ensure the admin request_queue is active by moving the controller's 'put' to after all controller references have been released to ensure no one is can access the request_queue. This fixes a reported use-after-free bug: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in blk_queue_enter+0x41c/0x4a0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88c0a53819f8 by task nvme/3287 CPU: 67 UID: 0 PID: 3287 Comm: nvme Tainted: G E 6.13.2-ga1582f1a031e #15 Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: Jabil /EGS 2S MB1, BIOS 1.00 06/18/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x4f/0x60 print_report+0xc4/0x620 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x70/0xb0 ? _raw_read_unlock_irqrestore+0x30/0x30 ? blk_queue_enter+0x41c/0x4a0 kasan_report+0xab/0xe0 ? blk_queue_enter+0x41c/0x4a0 blk_queue_enter+0x41c/0x4a0 ? __irq_work_queue_local+0x75/0x1d0 ? blk_queue_start_drain+0x70/0x70 ? irq_work_queue+0x18/0x20 ? vprintk_emit.part.0+0x1cc/0x350 ? wake_up_klogd_work_func+0x60/0x60 blk_mq_alloc_request+0x2b7/0x6b0 ? __blk_mq_alloc_requests+0x1060/0x1060 ? __switch_to+0x5b7/0x1060 nvme_submit_user_cmd+0xa9/0x330 nvme_user_cmd.isra.0+0x240/0x3f0 ? force_sigsegv+0xe0/0xe0 ? nvme_user_cmd64+0x400/0x400 ? vfs_fileattr_set+0x9b0/0x9b0 ? cgroup_update_frozen_flag+0x24/0x1c0 ? cgroup_leave_frozen+0x204/0x330 ? nvme_ioctl+0x7c/0x2c0 blkdev_ioctl+0x1a8/0x4d0 ? blkdev_common_ioctl+0x1930/0x1930 ? fdget+0x54/0x380 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x129/0x190 do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x160 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x7f765f703b0b Code: ff ff ff 85 c0 79 9b 49 c7 c4 ff ff ff ff 5b 5d 4c 89 e0 41 5c c3 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa b8 10 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d dd 52 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007ffe2cefe808 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffe2cefe860 RCX: 00007f765f703b0b RDX: 00007ffe2cefe860 RSI: 00000000c0484e41 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 00007f765f611d50 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000003 R13: 00000000c0484e41 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 00007ffe2cefea60 </TASK>

CVE-2026-23315. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: Fix possible oob access in mt76_connac2_mac_write_txwi_80211() Check frame length before accessing the mgmt fields in mt76_connac2_mac_write_txwi_80211 in order to avoid a possible oob access. [fix check to also cover mgmt->u.action.u.addba_req.capab, correct Fixes tag]

CVE-2026-23100. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/hugetlb: fix hugetlb_pmd_shared() Patch series "mm/hugetlb: fixes for PMD table sharing (incl. using mmu_gather)", v3. One functional fix, one performance regression fix, and two related comment fixes. I cleaned up my prototype I recently shared [1] for the performance fix, deferring most of the cleanups I had in the prototype to a later point. While doing that I identified the other things. The goal of this patch set is to be backported to stable trees "fairly" easily. At least patch #1 and #4. Patch #1 fixes hugetlb_pmd_shared() not detecting any sharing Patch #2 + #3 are simple comment fixes that patch #4 interacts with. Patch #4 is a fix for the reported performance regression due to excessive IPI broadcasts during fork()+exit(). The last patch is all about TLB flushes, IPIs and mmu_gather. Read: complicated There are plenty of cleanups in the future to be had + one reasonable optimization on x86. But that's all out of scope for this series. Runtime tested, with a focus on fixing the performance regression using the original reproducer [2] on x86. This patch (of 4): We switched from (wrongly) using the page count to an independent shared count. Now, shared page tables have a refcount of 1 (excluding speculative references) and instead use ptdesc->pt_share_count to identify sharing. We didn't convert hugetlb_pmd_shared(), so right now, we would never detect a shared PMD table as such, because sharing/unsharing no longer touches the refcount of a PMD table. Page migration, like mbind() or migrate_pages() would allow for migrating folios mapped into such shared PMD tables, even though the folios are not exclusive. In smaps we would account them as "private" although they are "shared", and we would be wrongly setting the PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE in the pagemap interface. Fix it by properly using ptdesc_pmd_is_shared() in hugetlb_pmd_shared().

CVE-2026-23379. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: ets: fix divide by zero in the offload path Offloading ETS requires computing each class' WRR weight: this is done by averaging over the sums of quanta as 'q_sum' and 'q_psum'. Using unsigned int, the same integer size as the individual DRR quanta, can overflow and even cause division by zero, like it happened in the following splat: Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI CPU: 13 UID: 0 PID: 487 Comm: tc Tainted: G E 6.19.0-virtme #45 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011 RIP: 0010:ets_offload_change+0x11f/0x290 [sch_ets] Code: e4 45 31 ff eb 03 41 89 c7 41 89 cb 89 ce 83 f9 0f 0f 87 b7 00 00 00 45 8b 08 31 c0 45 01 cc 45 85 c9 74 09 41 6b c4 64 31 d2 <41> f7 f2 89 c2 44 29 fa 45 89 df 41 83 fb 0f 0f 87 c7 00 00 00 44 RSP: 0018:ffffd0a180d77588 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 00000000ffffff38 RBX: ffff8d3d482ca000 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffd0a180d77660 RBP: ffffd0a180d77690 R08: ffff8d3d482ca2d8 R09: 00000000fffffffe R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000fffffffe R13: ffff8d3d472f2000 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f440b6c2740(0000) GS:ffff8d3dc9803000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000000003cdd2000 CR3: 0000000007b58002 CR4: 0000000000172ef0 Call Trace: <TASK> ets_qdisc_change+0x870/0xf40 [sch_ets] qdisc_create+0x12b/0x540 tc_modify_qdisc+0x6d7/0xbd0 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x168/0x6b0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x5c/0x110 netlink_unicast+0x1d6/0x2b0 netlink_sendmsg+0x22e/0x470 ____sys_sendmsg+0x38a/0x3c0 ___sys_sendmsg+0x99/0xe0 __sys_sendmsg+0x8a/0xf0 do_syscall_64+0x111/0xf80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f440b81c77e Code: 4d 89 d8 e8 d4 bc 00 00 4c 8b 5d f8 41 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 11 c9 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 8b 45 10 0f 05 <c9> c3 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 e7 e8 13 ff ff ff 0f 1f 00 f3 0f 1e fa RSP: 002b:00007fff951e4c10 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000481820 RCX: 00007f440b81c77e RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007fff951e4cd0 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007fff951e4c20 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 00007fff951f4fa8 R13: 00000000699ddede R14: 00007f440bb01000 R15: 0000000000486980 </TASK> Modules linked in: sch_ets(E) netdevsim(E) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- RIP: 0010:ets_offload_change+0x11f/0x290 [sch_ets] Code: e4 45 31 ff eb 03 41 89 c7 41 89 cb 89 ce 83 f9 0f 0f 87 b7 00 00 00 45 8b 08 31 c0 45 01 cc 45 85 c9 74 09 41 6b c4 64 31 d2 <41> f7 f2 89 c2 44 29 fa 45 89 df 41 83 fb 0f 0f 87 c7 00 00 00 44 RSP: 0018:ffffd0a180d77588 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 00000000ffffff38 RBX: ffff8d3d482ca000 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffd0a180d77660 RBP: ffffd0a180d77690 R08: ffff8d3d482ca2d8 R09: 00000000fffffffe R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000fffffffe R13: ffff8d3d472f2000 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f440b6c2740(0000) GS:ffff8d3dc9803000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000000003cdd2000 CR3: 0000000007b58002 CR4: 0000000000172ef0 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Kernel Offset: 0x30000000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff) ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception ]--- Fix this using 64-bit integers for 'q_sum' and 'q_psum'.

CVE-2026-23340. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: avoid qdisc_reset_all_tx_gt() vs dequeue race for lockless qdiscs When shrinking the number of real tx queues, netif_set_real_num_tx_queues() calls qdisc_reset_all_tx_gt() to flush qdiscs for queues which will no longer be used. qdisc_reset_all_tx_gt() currently serializes qdisc_reset() with qdisc_lock(). However, for lockless qdiscs, the dequeue path is serialized by qdisc_run_begin/end() using qdisc->seqlock instead, so qdisc_reset() can run concurrently with __qdisc_run() and free skbs while they are still being dequeued, leading to UAF. This can easily be reproduced on e.g. virtio-net by imposing heavy traffic while frequently changing the number of queue pairs: iperf3 -ub0 -c $peer -t 0 & while :; do ethtool -L eth0 combined 1 ethtool -L eth0 combined 2 done With KASAN enabled, this leads to reports like: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __qdisc_run+0x133f/0x1760 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ... __qdisc_run+0x133f/0x1760 __dev_queue_xmit+0x248f/0x3550 ip_finish_output2+0xa42/0x2110 ip_output+0x1a7/0x410 ip_send_skb+0x2e6/0x480 udp_send_skb+0xb0a/0x1590 udp_sendmsg+0x13c9/0x1fc0 ... </TASK> Allocated by task 1270 on cpu 5 at 44.558414s: ... alloc_skb_with_frags+0x84/0x7c0 sock_alloc_send_pskb+0x69a/0x830 __ip_append_data+0x1b86/0x48c0 ip_make_skb+0x1e8/0x2b0 udp_sendmsg+0x13a6/0x1fc0 ... Freed by task 1306 on cpu 3 at 44.558445s: ... kmem_cache_free+0x117/0x5e0 pfifo_fast_reset+0x14d/0x580 qdisc_reset+0x9e/0x5f0 netif_set_real_num_tx_queues+0x303/0x840 virtnet_set_channels+0x1bf/0x260 [virtio_net] ethnl_set_channels+0x684/0xae0 ethnl_default_set_doit+0x31a/0x890 ... Serialize qdisc_reset_all_tx_gt() against the lockless dequeue path by taking qdisc->seqlock for TCQ_F_NOLOCK qdiscs, matching the serialization model already used by dev_reset_queue(). Additionally clear QDISC_STATE_NON_EMPTY after reset so the qdisc state reflects an empty queue, avoiding needless re-scheduling.

CVE-2025-68206. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_ct: add seqadj extension for natted connections Sequence adjustment may be required for FTP traffic with PASV/EPSV modes. due to need to re-write packet payload (IP, port) on the ftp control connection. This can require changes to the TCP length and expected seq / ack_seq. The easiest way to reproduce this issue is with PASV mode. Example ruleset: table inet ftp_nat { ct helper ftp_helper { type "ftp" protocol tcp l3proto inet } chain prerouting { type filter hook prerouting priority 0; policy accept; tcp dport 21 ct state new ct helper set "ftp_helper" } } table ip nat { chain prerouting { type nat hook prerouting priority -100; policy accept; tcp dport 21 dnat ip prefix to ip daddr map { 192.168.100.1 : 192.168.13.2/32 } } chain postrouting { type nat hook postrouting priority 100 ; policy accept; tcp sport 21 snat ip prefix to ip saddr map { 192.168.13.2 : 192.168.100.1/32 } } } Note that the ftp helper gets assigned *after* the dnat setup. The inverse (nat after helper assign) is handled by an existing check in nf_nat_setup_info() and will not show the problem. Topoloy: +-------------------+ +----------------------------------+ | FTP: 192.168.13.2 | <-> | NAT: 192.168.13.3, 192.168.100.1 | +-------------------+ +----------------------------------+ | +-----------------------+ | Client: 192.168.100.2 | +-----------------------+ ftp nat changes do not work as expected in this case: Connected to 192.168.100.1. [..] ftp> epsv EPSV/EPRT on IPv4 off. ftp> ls 227 Entering passive mode (192,168,100,1,209,129). 421 Service not available, remote server has closed connection. Kernel logs: Missing nfct_seqadj_ext_add() setup call WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 0 at net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c:41 [..] __nf_nat_mangle_tcp_packet+0x100/0x160 [nf_nat] nf_nat_ftp+0x142/0x280 [nf_nat_ftp] help+0x4d1/0x880 [nf_conntrack_ftp] nf_confirm+0x122/0x2e0 [nf_conntrack] nf_hook_slow+0x3c/0xb0 .. Fix this by adding the required extension when a conntrack helper is assigned to a connection that has a nat binding.

CVE-2026-23296. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: core: Fix refcount leak for tagset_refcnt This leak will cause a hang when tearing down the SCSI host. For example, iscsid hangs with the following call trace: [130120.652718] scsi_alloc_sdev: Allocation failure during SCSI scanning, some SCSI devices might not be configured PID: 2528 TASK: ffff9d0408974e00 CPU: 3 COMMAND: "iscsid" #0 [ffffb5b9c134b9e0] __schedule at ffffffff860657d4 #1 [ffffb5b9c134ba28] schedule at ffffffff86065c6f #2 [ffffb5b9c134ba40] schedule_timeout at ffffffff86069fb0 #3 [ffffb5b9c134bab0] __wait_for_common at ffffffff8606674f #4 [ffffb5b9c134bb10] scsi_remove_host at ffffffff85bfe84b #5 [ffffb5b9c134bb30] iscsi_sw_tcp_session_destroy at ffffffffc03031c4 [iscsi_tcp] #6 [ffffb5b9c134bb48] iscsi_if_recv_msg at ffffffffc0292692 [scsi_transport_iscsi] #7 [ffffb5b9c134bb98] iscsi_if_rx at ffffffffc02929c2 [scsi_transport_iscsi] #8 [ffffb5b9c134bbf0] netlink_unicast at ffffffff85e551d6 #9 [ffffb5b9c134bc38] netlink_sendmsg at ffffffff85e554ef

CVE-2026-23292. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: Fix recursive locking in __configfs_open_file() In flush_write_buffer, &p->frag_sem is acquired and then the loaded store function is called, which, here, is target_core_item_dbroot_store(). This function called filp_open(), following which these functions were called (in reverse order), according to the call trace: down_read __configfs_open_file do_dentry_open vfs_open do_open path_openat do_filp_open file_open_name filp_open target_core_item_dbroot_store flush_write_buffer configfs_write_iter target_core_item_dbroot_store() tries to validate the new file path by trying to open the file path provided to it; however, in this case, the bug report shows: db_root: not a directory: /sys/kernel/config/target/dbroot indicating that the same configfs file was tried to be opened, on which it is currently working on. Thus, it is trying to acquire frag_sem semaphore of the same file of which it already holds the semaphore obtained in flush_write_buffer(), leading to acquiring the semaphore in a nested manner and a possibility of recursive locking. Fix this by modifying target_core_item_dbroot_store() to use kern_path() instead of filp_open() to avoid opening the file using filesystem-specific function __configfs_open_file(), and further modifying it to make this fix compatible.

CVE-2026-31586. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: blk-cgroup: fix use-after-free in cgwb_release_workfn() cgwb_release_workfn() calls css_put(wb->blkcg_css) and then later accesses wb->blkcg_css again via blkcg_unpin_online(). If css_put() drops the last reference, the blkcg can be freed asynchronously (css_free_rwork_fn -> blkcg_css_free -> kfree) before blkcg_unpin_online() dereferences the pointer to access blkcg->online_pin, resulting in a use-after-free: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in blkcg_unpin_online (./include/linux/instrumented.h:112 ./include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:400 ./include/linux/refcount.h:389 ./include/linux/refcount.h:432 ./include/linux/refcount.h:450 block/blk-cgroup.c:1367) Write of size 4 at addr ff11000117aa6160 by task kworker/71:1/531 Workqueue: cgwb_release cgwb_release_workfn Call Trace: <TASK> blkcg_unpin_online (./include/linux/instrumented.h:112 ./include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:400 ./include/linux/refcount.h:389 ./include/linux/refcount.h:432 ./include/linux/refcount.h:450 block/blk-cgroup.c:1367) cgwb_release_workfn (mm/backing-dev.c:629) process_scheduled_works (kernel/workqueue.c:3278 kernel/workqueue.c:3385) Freed by task 1016: kfree (./include/linux/kasan.h:235 mm/slub.c:2689 mm/slub.c:6246 mm/slub.c:6561) css_free_rwork_fn (kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:5542) process_scheduled_works (kernel/workqueue.c:3302 kernel/workqueue.c:3385) ** Stack based on commit 66672af7a095 ("Add linux-next specific files for 20260410") I am seeing this crash sporadically in Meta fleet across multiple kernel versions. A full reproducer is available at: https://github.com/leitao/debug/blob/main/reproducers/repro_blkcg_uaf.sh (The race window is narrow. To make it easily reproducible, inject a msleep(100) between css_put() and blkcg_unpin_online() in cgwb_release_workfn(). With that delay and a KASAN-enabled kernel, the reproducer triggers the splat reliably in less than a second.) Fix this by moving blkcg_unpin_online() before css_put(), so the cgwb's CSS reference keeps the blkcg alive while blkcg_unpin_online() accesses it.

CVE-2026-23255. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: add proper RCU protection to /proc/net/ptype Yin Fengwei reported an RCU stall in ptype_seq_show() and provided a patch. Real issue is that ptype_seq_next() and ptype_seq_show() violate RCU rules. ptype_seq_show() runs under rcu_read_lock(), and reads pt->dev to get device name without any barrier. At the same time, concurrent writers can remove a packet_type structure (which is correctly freed after an RCU grace period) and clear pt->dev without an RCU grace period. Define ptype_iter_state to carry a dev pointer along seq_net_private: struct ptype_iter_state { struct seq_net_private p; struct net_device *dev; // added in this patch }; We need to record the device pointer in ptype_get_idx() and ptype_seq_next() so that ptype_seq_show() is safe against concurrent pt->dev changes. We also need to add full RCU protection in ptype_seq_next(). (Missing READ_ONCE() when reading list.next values) Many thanks to Dong Chenchen for providing a repro.

CVE-2026-31500. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btintel: serialize btintel_hw_error() with hci_req_sync_lock btintel_hw_error() issues two __hci_cmd_sync() calls (HCI_OP_RESET and Intel exception-info retrieval) without holding hci_req_sync_lock(). This lets it race against hci_dev_do_close() -> btintel_shutdown_combined(), which also runs __hci_cmd_sync() under the same lock. When both paths manipulate hdev->req_status/req_rsp concurrently, the close path may free the response skb first, and the still-running hw_error path hits a slab-use-after-free in kfree_skb(). Wrap the whole recovery sequence in hci_req_sync_lock/unlock so it is serialized with every other synchronous HCI command issuer. Below is the data race report and the kasan report: BUG: data-race in __hci_cmd_sync_sk / btintel_shutdown_combined read of hdev->req_rsp at net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:199 by task kworker/u17:1/83: __hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x12f2/0x1c30 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:200 __hci_cmd_sync+0x55/0x80 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:223 btintel_hw_error+0x114/0x670 drivers/bluetooth/btintel.c:254 hci_error_reset+0x348/0xa30 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:1030 write/free by task ioctl/22580: btintel_shutdown_combined+0xd0/0x360 drivers/bluetooth/btintel.c:3648 hci_dev_close_sync+0x9ae/0x2c10 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:5246 hci_dev_do_close+0x232/0x460 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:526 BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sk_skb_reason_drop+0x43/0x380 net/core/skbuff.c:1202 Read of size 4 at addr ffff888144a738dc by task kworker/u17:1/83: __hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x12f2/0x1c30 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:200 __hci_cmd_sync+0x55/0x80 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:223 btintel_hw_error+0x186/0x670 drivers/bluetooth/btintel.c:260

CVE-2026-23442. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: add NULL checks for idev in SRv6 paths __in6_dev_get() can return NULL when the device has no IPv6 configuration (e.g. MTU < IPV6_MIN_MTU or after NETDEV_UNREGISTER). Add NULL checks for idev returned by __in6_dev_get() in both seg6_hmac_validate_skb() and ipv6_srh_rcv() to prevent potential NULL pointer dereferences.

CVE-2026-23066. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix recvmsg() unconditional requeue If rxrpc_recvmsg() fails because MSG_DONTWAIT was specified but the call at the front of the recvmsg queue already has its mutex locked, it requeues the call - whether or not the call is already queued. The call may be on the queue because MSG_PEEK was also passed and so the call was not dequeued or because the I/O thread requeued it. The unconditional requeue may then corrupt the recvmsg queue, leading to things like UAFs or refcount underruns. Fix this by only requeuing the call if it isn't already on the queue - and moving it to the front if it is already queued. If we don't queue it, we have to put the ref we obtained by dequeuing it. Also, MSG_PEEK doesn't dequeue the call so shouldn't call rxrpc_notify_socket() for the call if we didn't use up all the data on the queue, so fix that also.

CVE-2026-31697. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: ccp: Don't attempt to copy ID to userspace if PSP command failed When retrieving the ID for the CPU, don't attempt to copy the ID blob to userspace if the firmware command failed. If the failure was due to an invalid length, i.e. the userspace buffer+length was too small, copying the number of bytes _firmware_ requires will overflow the kernel-allocated buffer and leak data to userspace. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 Read of size 64 at addr ffff8881867f5960 by task syz.0.906/24388 CPU: 130 UID: 0 PID: 24388 Comm: syz.0.906 Tainted: G U O 7.0.0-smp-DEV #28 PREEMPTLAZY Tainted: [U]=USER, [O]=OOT_MODULE Hardware name: Google, Inc. Arcadia_IT_80/Arcadia_IT_80, BIOS 12.62.0-0 11/19/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0xc5/0x110 ../lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description ../mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xbc/0x260 ../mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xa2/0xe0 ../mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_region_inline ../mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline] kasan_check_range+0x264/0x2c0 ../mm/kasan/generic.c:200 instrument_copy_to_user ../include/linux/instrumented.h:129 [inline] _inline_copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:205 [inline] _copy_to_user+0x66/0xa0 ../lib/usercopy.c:26 copy_to_user ../include/linux/uaccess.h:236 [inline] sev_ioctl_do_get_id2+0x361/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2222 sev_ioctl+0x25f/0x490 ../drivers/crypto/ccp/sev-dev.c:2575 vfs_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl ../fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x11d/0x1b0 ../fs/ioctl.c:583 do_syscall_x64 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe0/0x800 ../arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e </TASK> WARN if the driver says the command succeeded, but the firmware error code says otherwise, as __sev_do_cmd_locked() is expected to return -EIO on any firwmware error.

CVE-2026-23274. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: xt_IDLETIMER: reject rev0 reuse of ALARM timer labels IDLETIMER revision 0 rules reuse existing timers by label and always call mod_timer() on timer->timer. If the label was created first by revision 1 with XT_IDLETIMER_ALARM, the object uses alarm timer semantics and timer->timer is never initialized. Reusing that object from revision 0 causes mod_timer() on an uninitialized timer_list, triggering debugobjects warnings and possible panic when panic_on_warn=1. Fix this by rejecting revision 0 rule insertion when an existing timer with the same label is of ALARM type.

CVE-2026-23303. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: Don't log plaintext credentials in cifs_set_cifscreds When debug logging is enabled, cifs_set_cifscreds() logs the key payload and exposes the plaintext username and password. Remove the debug log to avoid exposing credentials.

CVE-2026-23399. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nf_tables: nft_dynset: fix possible stateful expression memleak in error path If cloning the second stateful expression in the element via GFP_ATOMIC fails, then the first stateful expression remains in place without being released.   unreferenced object (percpu) 0x607b97e9cab8 (size 16):     comm "softirq", pid 0, jiffies 4294931867     hex dump (first 16 bytes on cpu 3):       00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00     backtrace (crc 0):       pcpu_alloc_noprof+0x453/0xd80       nft_counter_clone+0x9c/0x190 [nf_tables]       nft_expr_clone+0x8f/0x1b0 [nf_tables]       nft_dynset_new+0x2cb/0x5f0 [nf_tables]       nft_rhash_update+0x236/0x11c0 [nf_tables]       nft_dynset_eval+0x11f/0x670 [nf_tables]       nft_do_chain+0x253/0x1700 [nf_tables]       nft_do_chain_ipv4+0x18d/0x270 [nf_tables]       nf_hook_slow+0xaa/0x1e0       ip_local_deliver+0x209/0x330

CVE-2026-23364. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Compare MACs in constant time To prevent timing attacks, MAC comparisons need to be constant-time. Replace the memcmp() with the correct function, crypto_memneq().

CVE-2026-23245. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_gate: snapshot parameters with RCU on replace The gate action can be replaced while the hrtimer callback or dump path is walking the schedule list. Convert the parameters to an RCU-protected snapshot and swap updates under tcf_lock, freeing the previous snapshot via call_rcu(). When REPLACE omits the entry list, preserve the existing schedule so the effective state is unchanged.

CVE-2026-23388. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Squashfs: check metadata block offset is within range Syzkaller reports a "general protection fault in squashfs_copy_data" This is ultimately caused by a corrupted index look-up table, which produces a negative metadata block offset. This is subsequently passed to squashfs_copy_data (via squashfs_read_metadata) where the negative offset causes an out of bounds access. The fix is to check that the offset is within range in squashfs_read_metadata. This will trap this and other cases.

CVE-2026-23312. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: kaweth: validate USB endpoints The kaweth driver should validate that the device it is probing has the proper number and types of USB endpoints it is expecting before it binds to it. If a malicious device were to not have the same urbs the driver will crash later on when it blindly accesses these endpoints.

CVE-2026-23392. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error Call synchronize_rcu() after unregistering the hooks from error path, since a hook that already refers to this flowtable can be already registered, exposing this flowtable to packet path and nfnetlink_hook control plane. This error path is rare, it should only happen by reaching the maximum number hooks or by failing to set up to hardware offload, just call synchronize_rcu(). There is a check for already used device hooks by different flowtable that could result in EEXIST at this late stage. The hook parser can be updated to perform this check earlier to this error path really becomes rarely exercised. Uncovered by KASAN reported as use-after-free from nfnetlink_hook path when dumping hooks.

CVE-2025-68239. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: binfmt_misc: restore write access before closing files opened by open_exec() bm_register_write() opens an executable file using open_exec(), which internally calls do_open_execat() and denies write access on the file to avoid modification while it is being executed. However, when an error occurs, bm_register_write() closes the file using filp_close() directly. This does not restore the write permission, which may cause subsequent write operations on the same file to fail. Fix this by calling exe_file_allow_write_access() before filp_close() to restore the write permission properly.

CVE-2026-31488. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Do not skip unrelated mode changes in DSC validation Starting with commit 17ce8a6907f7 ("drm/amd/display: Add dsc pre-validation in atomic check"), amdgpu resets the CRTC state mode_changed flag to false when recomputing the DSC configuration results in no timing change for a particular stream. However, this is incorrect in scenarios where a change in MST/DSC configuration happens in the same KMS commit as another (unrelated) mode change. For example, the integrated panel of a laptop may be configured differently (e.g., HDR enabled/disabled) depending on whether external screens are attached. In this case, plugging in external DP-MST screens may result in the mode_changed flag being dropped incorrectly for the integrated panel if its DSC configuration did not change during precomputation in pre_validate_dsc(). At this point, however, dm_update_crtc_state() has already created new streams for CRTCs with DSC-independent mode changes. In turn, amdgpu_dm_commit_streams() will never release the old stream, resulting in a memory leak. amdgpu_dm_atomic_commit_tail() will never acquire a reference to the new stream either, which manifests as a use-after-free when the stream gets disabled later on: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in dc_stream_release+0x25/0x90 [amdgpu] Write of size 4 at addr ffff88813d836524 by task kworker/9:9/29977 Workqueue: events drm_mode_rmfb_work_fn Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x6e/0xa0 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x88/0x320 ? dc_stream_release+0x25/0x90 [amdgpu] print_report+0xfc/0x1ff ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __virt_addr_valid+0x225/0x4e0 ? dc_stream_release+0x25/0x90 [amdgpu] kasan_report+0xe1/0x180 ? dc_stream_release+0x25/0x90 [amdgpu] kasan_check_range+0x125/0x200 dc_stream_release+0x25/0x90 [amdgpu] dc_state_destruct+0x14d/0x5c0 [amdgpu] dc_state_release.part.0+0x4e/0x130 [amdgpu] dm_atomic_destroy_state+0x3f/0x70 [amdgpu] drm_atomic_state_default_clear+0x8ee/0xf30 ? drm_mode_object_put.part.0+0xb1/0x130 __drm_atomic_state_free+0x15c/0x2d0 atomic_remove_fb+0x67e/0x980 Since there is no reliable way of figuring out whether a CRTC has unrelated mode changes pending at the time of DSC validation, remember the value of the mode_changed flag from before the point where a CRTC was marked as potentially affected by a change in DSC configuration. Reset the mode_changed flag to this earlier value instead in pre_validate_dsc(). (cherry picked from commit cc7c7121ae082b7b82891baa7280f1ff2608f22b)

CVE-2025-21835. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: f_midi: fix MIDI Streaming descriptor lengths While the MIDI jacks are configured correctly, and the MIDIStreaming endpoint descriptors are filled with the correct information, bNumEmbMIDIJack and bLength are set incorrectly in these descriptors. This does not matter when the numbers of in and out ports are equal, but when they differ the host will receive broken descriptors with uninitialized stack memory leaking into the descriptor for whichever value is smaller. The precise meaning of "in" and "out" in the port counts is not clearly defined and can be confusing. But elsewhere the driver consistently uses this to match the USB meaning of IN and OUT viewed from the host, so that "in" ports send data to the host and "out" ports receive data from it.

CVE-2025-21763. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: neighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify() __neigh_notify() can be called without RTNL or RCU protection. Use RCU protection to avoid potential UAF.

CVE-2024-58072. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtlwifi: remove unused check_buddy_priv Commit 2461c7d60f9f ("rtlwifi: Update header file") introduced a global list of private data structures. Later on, commit 26634c4b1868 ("rtlwifi Modify existing bits to match vendor version 2013.02.07") started adding the private data to that list at probe time and added a hook, check_buddy_priv to find the private data from a similar device. However, that function was never used. Besides, though there is a lock for that list, it is never used. And when the probe fails, the private data is never removed from the list. This would cause a second probe to access freed memory. Remove the unused hook, structures and members, which will prevent the potential race condition on the list and its corruption during a second probe when probe fails.

CVE-2025-21753. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free when attempting to join an aborted transaction When we are trying to join the current transaction and if it's aborted, we read its 'aborted' field after unlocking fs_info->trans_lock and without holding any extra reference count on it. This means that a concurrent task that is aborting the transaction may free the transaction before we read its 'aborted' field, leading to a use-after-free. Fix this by reading the 'aborted' field while holding fs_info->trans_lock since any freeing task must first acquire that lock and set fs_info->running_transaction to NULL before freeing the transaction. This was reported by syzbot and Dmitry with the following stack traces from KASAN: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in join_transaction+0xd9b/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:278 Read of size 4 at addr ffff888011839024 by task kworker/u4:9/1128 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1128 Comm: kworker/u4:9 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-00019-gc45323b7560e #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 join_transaction+0xd9b/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:278 start_transaction+0xaf8/0x1670 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:697 flush_space+0x448/0xcf0 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:803 btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x159/0x510 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:1321 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3236 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa66/0x1840 kernel/workqueue.c:3317 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3398 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 </TASK> Allocated by task 5315: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x243/0x390 mm/slub.c:4329 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:901 [inline] join_transaction+0x144/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:308 start_transaction+0xaf8/0x1670 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:697 btrfs_create_common+0x1b2/0x2e0 fs/btrfs/inode.c:6572 lookup_open fs/namei.c:3649 [inline] open_last_lookups fs/namei.c:3748 [inline] path_openat+0x1c03/0x3590 fs/namei.c:3984 do_filp_open+0x27f/0x4e0 fs/namei.c:4014 do_sys_openat2+0x13e/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1402 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1417 [inline] __do_sys_creat fs/open.c:1495 [inline] __se_sys_creat fs/open.c:1489 [inline] __x64_sys_creat+0x123/0x170 fs/open.c:1489 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 5336: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:582 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x59/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:264 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2353 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4613 [inline] kfree+0x196/0x430 mm/slub.c:4761 cleanup_transaction fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2063 [inline] btrfs_commit_transaction+0x2c97/0x3720 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2598 insert_balance_item+0x1284/0x20b0 fs/btrfs/volumes.c:3757 btrfs_balance+0x992/ ---truncated---

CVE-2025-21758. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: mcast: add RCU protection to mld_newpack() mld_newpack() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held. Note that we no longer can use sock_alloc_send_skb() because ipv6.igmp_sk uses GFP_KERNEL allocations which can sleep. Instead use alloc_skb() and charge the net->ipv6.igmp_sk socket under RCU protection.

CVE-2025-21745. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-cgroup: Fix class @block_class's subsystem refcount leakage blkcg_fill_root_iostats() iterates over @block_class's devices by class_dev_iter_(init|next)(), but does not end iterating with class_dev_iter_exit(), so causes the class's subsystem refcount leakage. Fix by ending the iterating with class_dev_iter_exit().

CVE-2025-21735. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFC: nci: Add bounds checking in nci_hci_create_pipe() The "pipe" variable is a u8 which comes from the network. If it's more than 127, then it results in memory corruption in the caller, nci_hci_connect_gate().

CVE-2024-57977. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: memcg: fix soft lockup in the OOM process A soft lockup issue was found in the product with about 56,000 tasks were in the OOM cgroup, it was traversing them when the soft lockup was triggered. watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 23s! [VM Thread:1503066] CPU: 2 PID: 1503066 Comm: VM Thread Kdump: loaded Tainted: G Hardware name: Huawei Cloud OpenStack Nova, BIOS RIP: 0010:console_unlock+0x343/0x540 RSP: 0000:ffffb751447db9a0 EFLAGS: 00000247 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffff13 RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00000000ffffffff RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000004 RDI: 0000000000000247 RBP: ffffffffafc71f90 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000040 R10: 0000000000000080 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffffafc74bd0 R13: ffffffffaf60a220 R14: 0000000000000247 R15: 0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f2fe6ad91f0 CR3: 00000004b2076003 CR4: 0000000000360ee0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: vprintk_emit+0x193/0x280 printk+0x52/0x6e dump_task+0x114/0x130 mem_cgroup_scan_tasks+0x76/0x100 dump_header+0x1fe/0x210 oom_kill_process+0xd1/0x100 out_of_memory+0x125/0x570 mem_cgroup_out_of_memory+0xb5/0xd0 try_charge+0x720/0x770 mem_cgroup_try_charge+0x86/0x180 mem_cgroup_try_charge_delay+0x1c/0x40 do_anonymous_page+0xb5/0x390 handle_mm_fault+0xc4/0x1f0 This is because thousands of processes are in the OOM cgroup, it takes a long time to traverse all of them. As a result, this lead to soft lockup in the OOM process. To fix this issue, call 'cond_resched' in the 'mem_cgroup_scan_tasks' function per 1000 iterations. For global OOM, call 'touch_softlockup_watchdog' per 1000 iterations to avoid this issue.

CVE-2024-58063. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtlwifi: fix memory leaks and invalid access at probe error path Deinitialize at reverse order when probe fails. When init_sw_vars fails, rtl_deinit_core should not be called, specially now that it destroys the rtl_wq workqueue. And call rtl_pci_deinit and deinit_sw_vars, otherwise, memory will be leaked. Remove pci_set_drvdata call as it will already be cleaned up by the core driver code and could lead to memory leaks too. cf. commit 8d450935ae7f ("wireless: rtlwifi: remove unnecessary pci_set_drvdata()") and commit 3d86b93064c7 ("rtlwifi: Fix PCI probe error path orphaned memory").

CVE-2024-58013. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix slab-use-after-free Read in mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_sync This fixes the following crash: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_sync+0x3a/0xd0 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5543 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88814128f898 by task kworker/u9:4/5961 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5961 Comm: kworker/u9:4 Not tainted 6.12.0-syzkaller-10684-gf1cd565ce577 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Workqueue: hci0 hci_cmd_sync_work Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_sync+0x3a/0xd0 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5543 hci_cmd_sync_work+0x22b/0x400 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:332 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3229 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa63/0x1850 kernel/workqueue.c:3310 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 </TASK> Allocated by task 16026: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x243/0x390 mm/slub.c:4314 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:901 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1037 [inline] mgmt_pending_new+0x65/0x250 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:269 mgmt_pending_add+0x36/0x120 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:296 remove_adv_monitor+0x102/0x1b0 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5568 hci_mgmt_cmd+0xc47/0x11d0 net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c:1712 hci_sock_sendmsg+0x7b8/0x11c0 net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c:1832 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x221/0x270 net/socket.c:726 sock_write_iter+0x2d7/0x3f0 net/socket.c:1147 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:586 [inline] vfs_write+0xaeb/0xd30 fs/read_write.c:679 ksys_write+0x18f/0x2b0 fs/read_write.c:731 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 16022: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:582 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x59/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:264 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2338 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4598 [inline] kfree+0x196/0x420 mm/slub.c:4746 mgmt_pending_foreach+0xd1/0x130 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:259 __mgmt_power_off+0x183/0x430 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:9550 hci_dev_close_sync+0x6c4/0x11c0 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:5208 hci_dev_do_close net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:483 [inline] hci_dev_close+0x112/0x210 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:508 sock_do_ioctl+0x158/0x460 net/socket.c:1209 sock_ioctl+0x626/0x8e0 net/socket.c:1328 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:906 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xf5/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:892 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

CVE-2024-58058. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ubifs: skip dumping tnc tree when zroot is null Clearing slab cache will free all znode in memory and make c->zroot.znode = NULL, then dumping tnc tree will access c->zroot.znode which cause null pointer dereference.

CVE-2025-38584. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: padata: Fix pd UAF once and for all There is a race condition/UAF in padata_reorder that goes back to the initial commit. A reference count is taken at the start of the process in padata_do_parallel, and released at the end in padata_serial_worker. This reference count is (and only is) required for padata_replace to function correctly. If padata_replace is never called then there is no issue. In the function padata_reorder which serves as the core of padata, as soon as padata is added to queue->serial.list, and the associated spin lock released, that padata may be processed and the reference count on pd would go away. Fix this by getting the next padata before the squeue->serial lock is released. In order to make this possible, simplify padata_reorder by only calling it once the next padata arrives.

CVE-2025-39863. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: fix use-after-free when rescheduling brcmf_btcoex_info work The brcmf_btcoex_detach() only shuts down the btcoex timer, if the flag timer_on is false. However, the brcmf_btcoex_timerfunc(), which runs as timer handler, sets timer_on to false. This creates critical race conditions: 1.If brcmf_btcoex_detach() is called while brcmf_btcoex_timerfunc() is executing, it may observe timer_on as false and skip the call to timer_shutdown_sync(). 2.The brcmf_btcoex_timerfunc() may then reschedule the brcmf_btcoex_info worker after the cancel_work_sync() has been executed, resulting in use-after-free bugs. The use-after-free bugs occur in two distinct scenarios, depending on the timing of when the brcmf_btcoex_info struct is freed relative to the execution of its worker thread. Scenario 1: Freed before the worker is scheduled The brcmf_btcoex_info is deallocated before the worker is scheduled. A race condition can occur when schedule_work(&bt_local->work) is called after the target memory has been freed. The sequence of events is detailed below: CPU0 | CPU1 brcmf_btcoex_detach | brcmf_btcoex_timerfunc | bt_local->timer_on = false; if (cfg->btcoex->timer_on) | ... | cancel_work_sync(); | ... | kfree(cfg->btcoex); // FREE | | schedule_work(&bt_local->work); // USE Scenario 2: Freed after the worker is scheduled The brcmf_btcoex_info is freed after the worker has been scheduled but before or during its execution. In this case, statements within the brcmf_btcoex_handler() — such as the container_of macro and subsequent dereferences of the brcmf_btcoex_info object will cause a use-after-free access. The following timeline illustrates this scenario: CPU0 | CPU1 brcmf_btcoex_detach | brcmf_btcoex_timerfunc | bt_local->timer_on = false; if (cfg->btcoex->timer_on) | ... | cancel_work_sync(); | ... | schedule_work(); // Reschedule | kfree(cfg->btcoex); // FREE | brcmf_btcoex_handler() // Worker /* | btci = container_of(....); // USE The kfree() above could | ... also occur at any point | btci-> // USE during the worker's execution| */ | To resolve the race conditions, drop the conditional check and call timer_shutdown_sync() directly. It can deactivate the timer reliably, regardless of its current state. Once stopped, the timer_on state is then set to false.

CVE-2025-21832. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block: don't revert iter for -EIOCBQUEUED blkdev_read_iter() has a few odd checks, like gating the position and count adjustment on whether or not the result is bigger-than-or-equal to zero (where bigger than makes more sense), and not checking the return value of blkdev_direct_IO() before doing an iov_iter_revert(). The latter can lead to attempting to revert with a negative value, which when passed to iov_iter_revert() as an unsigned value will lead to throwing a WARN_ON() because unroll is bigger than MAX_RW_COUNT. Be sane and don't revert for -EIOCBQUEUED, like what is done in other spots.

CVE-2025-21728. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Send signals asynchronously if !preemptible BPF programs can execute in all kinds of contexts and when a program running in a non-preemptible context uses the bpf_send_signal() kfunc, it will cause issues because this kfunc can sleep. Change `irqs_disabled()` to `!preemptible()`.

CVE-2025-21764. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ndisc: use RCU protection in ndisc_alloc_skb() ndisc_alloc_skb() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held. Add RCU protection to avoid possible UAF.

CVE-2024-56657. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: control: Avoid WARN() for symlink errors Using WARN() for showing the error of symlink creations don't give more information than telling that something goes wrong, since the usual code path is a lregister callback from each control element creation. More badly, the use of WARN() rather confuses fuzzer as if it were serious issues. This patch downgrades the warning messages to use the normal dev_err() instead of WARN(). For making it clearer, add the function name to the prefix, too.

CVE-2024-47809. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dlm: fix possible lkb_resource null dereference This patch fixes a possible null pointer dereference when this function is called from request_lock() as lkb->lkb_resource is not assigned yet, only after validate_lock_args() by calling attach_lkb(). Another issue is that a resource name could be a non printable bytearray and we cannot assume to be ASCII coded. The log functionality is probably never being hit when DLM is used in normal way and no debug logging is enabled. The null pointer dereference can only occur on a new created lkb that does not have the resource assigned yet, it probably never hits the null pointer dereference but we should be sure that other changes might not change this behaviour and we actually can hit the mentioned null pointer dereference. In this patch we just drop the printout of the resource name, the lkb id is enough to make a possible connection to a resource name if this exists.

CVE-2025-38162. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_pipapo: prevent overflow in lookup table allocation When calculating the lookup table size, ensure the following multiplication does not overflow: - desc->field_len[] maximum value is U8_MAX multiplied by NFT_PIPAPO_GROUPS_PER_BYTE(f) that can be 2, worst case. - NFT_PIPAPO_BUCKETS(f->bb) is 2^8, worst case. - sizeof(unsigned long), from sizeof(*f->lt), lt in struct nft_pipapo_field. Then, use check_mul_overflow() to multiply by bucket size and then use check_add_overflow() to the alignment for avx2 (if needed). Finally, add lt_size_check_overflow() helper and use it to consolidate this. While at it, replace leftover allocation using the GFP_KERNEL to GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT for consistency, in pipapo_resize().

CVE-2025-22105. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bonding: check xdp prog when set bond mode Following operations can trigger a warning[1]: ip netns add ns1 ip netns exec ns1 ip link add bond0 type bond mode balance-rr ip netns exec ns1 ip link set dev bond0 xdp obj af_xdp_kern.o sec xdp ip netns exec ns1 ip link set bond0 type bond mode broadcast ip netns del ns1 When delete the namespace, dev_xdp_uninstall() is called to remove xdp program on bond dev, and bond_xdp_set() will check the bond mode. If bond mode is changed after attaching xdp program, the warning may occur. Some bond modes (broadcast, etc.) do not support native xdp. Set bond mode with xdp program attached is not good. Add check for xdp program when set bond mode. [1] ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 11 at net/core/dev.c:9912 unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x8d9/0x930 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 11 Comm: kworker/u4:0 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc4 #107 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.15.0-0-g2dd4b9b3f840-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x8d9/0x930 Code: 00 00 48 c7 c6 6f e3 a2 82 48 c7 c7 d0 b3 96 82 e8 9c 10 3e ... RSP: 0018:ffffc90000063d80 EFLAGS: 00000282 RAX: 00000000ffffffa1 RBX: ffff888004959000 RCX: 00000000ffffdfff RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000ffffffea RDI: ffffc90000063b48 RBP: ffffc90000063e28 R08: ffffffff82d39b28 R09: 0000000000009ffb R10: 0000000000000175 R11: ffffffff82d09b40 R12: ffff8880049598e8 R13: 0000000000000001 R14: dead000000000100 R15: ffffc90000045000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff888007a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000000000d406b60 CR3: 000000000483e000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __warn+0x83/0x130 ? unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x8d9/0x930 ? report_bug+0x18e/0x1a0 ? handle_bug+0x54/0x90 ? exc_invalid_op+0x18/0x70 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20 ? unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x8d9/0x930 ? bond_net_exit_batch_rtnl+0x5c/0x90 cleanup_net+0x237/0x3d0 process_one_work+0x163/0x390 worker_thread+0x293/0x3b0 ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 kthread+0xec/0x1e0 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork+0x2f/0x50 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

CVE-2025-21708. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: rtl8150: enable basic endpoint checking Syzkaller reports [1] encountering a common issue of utilizing a wrong usb endpoint type during URB submitting stage. This, in turn, triggers a warning shown below. For now, enable simple endpoint checking (specifically, bulk and interrupt eps, testing control one is not essential) to mitigate the issue with a view to do other related cosmetic changes later, if they are necessary. [1] Syzkaller report: usb 1-1: BOGUS urb xfer, pipe 3 != type 1 WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 2586 at drivers/usb/core/urb.c:503 usb_submit_urb+0xe4b/0x1730 driv> Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2586 Comm: dhcpcd Not tainted 6.11.0-rc4-syzkaller-00069-gfc88bb11617> Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/06/2024 RIP: 0010:usb_submit_urb+0xe4b/0x1730 drivers/usb/core/urb.c:503 Code: 84 3c 02 00 00 e8 05 e4 fc fc 4c 89 ef e8 fd 25 d7 fe 45 89 e0 89 e9 4c 89 f2 48 8> RSP: 0018:ffffc9000441f740 EFLAGS: 00010282 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff888112487a00 RCX: ffffffff811a99a9 RDX: ffff88810df6ba80 RSI: ffffffff811a99b6 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000000000000003 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: ffff8881023bf0a8 R14: ffff888112452a20 R15: ffff888112487a7c FS: 00007fc04eea5740(0000) GS:ffff8881f6300000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f0a1de9f870 CR3: 000000010dbd0000 CR4: 00000000003506f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> rtl8150_open+0x300/0xe30 drivers/net/usb/rtl8150.c:733 __dev_open+0x2d4/0x4e0 net/core/dev.c:1474 __dev_change_flags+0x561/0x720 net/core/dev.c:8838 dev_change_flags+0x8f/0x160 net/core/dev.c:8910 devinet_ioctl+0x127a/0x1f10 net/ipv4/devinet.c:1177 inet_ioctl+0x3aa/0x3f0 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:1003 sock_do_ioctl+0x116/0x280 net/socket.c:1222 sock_ioctl+0x22e/0x6c0 net/socket.c:1341 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:907 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:893 [inline] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x193/0x220 fs/ioctl.c:893 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x250 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fc04ef73d49 ... This change has not been tested on real hardware.

CVE-2025-21844. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: Add check for next_buffer in receive_encrypted_standard() Add check for the return value of cifs_buf_get() and cifs_small_buf_get() in receive_encrypted_standard() to prevent null pointer dereference.

CVE-2025-38105. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Kill timer properly at removal The USB-audio MIDI code initializes the timer, but in a rare case, the driver might be freed without the disconnect call. This leaves the timer in an active state while the assigned object is released via snd_usbmidi_free(), which ends up with a kernel warning when the debug configuration is enabled, as spotted by fuzzer. For avoiding the problem, put timer_shutdown_sync() at snd_usbmidi_free(), so that the timer can be killed properly. While we're at it, replace the existing timer_delete_sync() at the disconnect callback with timer_shutdown_sync(), too.

CVE-2025-21846. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: acct: perform last write from workqueue In [1] it was reported that the acct(2) system call can be used to trigger NULL deref in cases where it is set to write to a file that triggers an internal lookup. This can e.g., happen when pointing acc(2) to /sys/power/resume. At the point the where the write to this file happens the calling task has already exited and called exit_fs(). A lookup will thus trigger a NULL-deref when accessing current->fs. Reorganize the code so that the the final write happens from the workqueue but with the caller's credentials. This preserves the (strange) permission model and has almost no regression risk. This api should stop to exist though.

CVE-2025-21862. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drop_monitor: fix incorrect initialization order Syzkaller reports the following bug: BUG: spinlock bad magic on CPU#1, syz-executor.0/7995 lock: 0xffff88805303f3e0, .magic: 00000000, .owner: <none>/-1, .owner_cpu: 0 CPU: 1 PID: 7995 Comm: syz-executor.0 Tainted: G E 5.10.209+ #1 Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware Virtual Platform/440BX Desktop Reference Platform, BIOS 6.00 11/12/2020 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline] dump_stack+0x119/0x179 lib/dump_stack.c:118 debug_spin_lock_before kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c:83 [inline] do_raw_spin_lock+0x1f6/0x270 kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c:112 __raw_spin_lock_irqsave include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:117 [inline] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x50/0x70 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:159 reset_per_cpu_data+0xe6/0x240 [drop_monitor] net_dm_cmd_trace+0x43d/0x17a0 [drop_monitor] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x22f/0x330 net/netlink/genetlink.c:739 genl_family_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:783 [inline] genl_rcv_msg+0x341/0x5a0 net/netlink/genetlink.c:800 netlink_rcv_skb+0x14d/0x440 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2497 genl_rcv+0x29/0x40 net/netlink/genetlink.c:811 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1322 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x54b/0x800 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1348 netlink_sendmsg+0x914/0xe00 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1916 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:651 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x157/0x190 net/socket.c:663 ____sys_sendmsg+0x712/0x870 net/socket.c:2378 ___sys_sendmsg+0xf8/0x170 net/socket.c:2432 __sys_sendmsg+0xea/0x1b0 net/socket.c:2461 do_syscall_64+0x30/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x62/0xc7 RIP: 0033:0x7f3f9815aee9 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b0 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f3f972bf0c8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f3f9826d050 RCX: 00007f3f9815aee9 RDX: 0000000020000000 RSI: 0000000020001300 RDI: 0000000000000007 RBP: 00007f3f981b63bd R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 000000000000006e R14: 00007f3f9826d050 R15: 00007ffe01ee6768 If drop_monitor is built as a kernel module, syzkaller may have time to send a netlink NET_DM_CMD_START message during the module loading. This will call the net_dm_monitor_start() function that uses a spinlock that has not yet been initialized. To fix this, let's place resource initialization above the registration of a generic netlink family. Found by InfoTeCS on behalf of Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.

CVE-2025-21704. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: cdc-acm: Check control transfer buffer size before access If the first fragment is shorter than struct usb_cdc_notification, we can't calculate an expected_size. Log an error and discard the notification instead of reading lengths from memory outside the received data, which can lead to memory corruption when the expected_size decreases between fragments, causing `expected_size - acm->nb_index` to wrap. This issue has been present since the beginning of git history; however, it only leads to memory corruption since commit ea2583529cd1 ("cdc-acm: reassemble fragmented notifications"). A mitigating factor is that acm_ctrl_irq() can only execute after userspace has opened /dev/ttyACM*; but if ModemManager is running, ModemManager will do that automatically depending on the USB device's vendor/product IDs and its other interfaces.

CVE-2024-26982. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Squashfs: check the inode number is not the invalid value of zero Syskiller has produced an out of bounds access in fill_meta_index(). That out of bounds access is ultimately caused because the inode has an inode number with the invalid value of zero, which was not checked. The reason this causes the out of bounds access is due to following sequence of events: 1. Fill_meta_index() is called to allocate (via empty_meta_index()) and fill a metadata index. It however suffers a data read error and aborts, invalidating the newly returned empty metadata index. It does this by setting the inode number of the index to zero, which means unused (zero is not a valid inode number). 2. When fill_meta_index() is subsequently called again on another read operation, locate_meta_index() returns the previous index because it matches the inode number of 0. Because this index has been returned it is expected to have been filled, and because it hasn't been, an out of bounds access is performed. This patch adds a sanity check which checks that the inode number is not zero when the inode is created and returns -EINVAL if it is. [[email protected]: whitespace fix]

CVE-2025-21865. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gtp: Suppress list corruption splat in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl(). Brad Spengler reported the list_del() corruption splat in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl(). [0] Commit eb28fd76c0a0 ("gtp: Destroy device along with udp socket's netns dismantle.") added the for_each_netdev() loop in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() to destroy devices in each netns as done in geneve and ip tunnels. However, this could trigger ->dellink() twice for the same device during ->exit_batch_rtnl(). Say we have two netns A & B and gtp device B that resides in netns B but whose UDP socket is in netns A. 1. cleanup_net() processes netns A and then B. 2. gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() finds the device B while iterating netns A's gn->gtp_dev_list and calls ->dellink(). [ device B is not yet unlinked from netns B as unregister_netdevice_many() has not been called. ] 3. gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() finds the device B while iterating netns B's for_each_netdev() and calls ->dellink(). gtp_dellink() cleans up the device's hash table, unlinks the dev from gn->gtp_dev_list, and calls unregister_netdevice_queue(). Basically, calling gtp_dellink() multiple times is fine unless CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST is enabled. Let's remove for_each_netdev() in gtp_net_exit_batch_rtnl() and delegate the destruction to default_device_exit_batch() as done in bareudp. [0]: list_del corruption, ffff8880aaa62c00->next (autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc00/0x1000 [slab object]) is LIST_POISON1 (ffffffffffffff02) (prev is 0xffffffffffffff04) kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:58! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1804 Comm: kworker/u8:7 Tainted: G T 6.12.13-grsec-full-20250211091339 #1 Tainted: [T]=RANDSTRUCT Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff84947381>] __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0x141/0x200 lib/list_debug.c:58 Code: c2 76 91 31 c0 e8 9f b1 f7 fc 0f 0b 4d 89 f0 48 c7 c1 02 ff ff ff 48 89 ea 48 89 ee 48 c7 c7 e0 c2 76 91 31 c0 e8 7f b1 f7 fc <0f> 0b 4d 89 e8 48 c7 c1 04 ff ff ff 48 89 ea 48 89 ee 48 c7 c7 60 RSP: 0018:fffffe8040b4fbd0 EFLAGS: 00010283 RAX: 00000000000000cc RBX: dffffc0000000000 RCX: ffffffff818c4054 RDX: ffffffff84947381 RSI: ffffffff818d1512 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff8880aaa62c00 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffffbd008169f32 R10: fffffe8040b4f997 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: a1988d84f24943e4 R13: ffffffffffffff02 R14: ffffffffffffff04 R15: ffff8880aaa62c08 RBX: kasan shadow of 0x0 RCX: __wake_up_klogd.part.0+0x74/0xe0 kernel/printk/printk.c:4554 RDX: __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0x141/0x200 lib/list_debug.c:58 RSI: vprintk+0x72/0x100 kernel/printk/printk_safe.c:71 RBP: autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc00/0x1000 [slab object] RSP: process kstack fffffe8040b4fbd0+0x7bd0/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R09: kasan shadow of process kstack fffffe8040b4f990+0x7990/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R10: process kstack fffffe8040b4f997+0x7997/0x8000 [kworker/u8:7+netns 1804 ] R15: autoslab_size_M_dev_P_net_core_dev_11127_8_1328_8_S_4096_A_64_n_139+0xc08/0x1000 [slab object] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff888116000000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000748f5372c000 CR3: 0000000015408000 CR4: 00000000003406f0 shadow CR4: 00000000003406f0 Stack: 0000000000000000 ffffffff8a0c35e7 ffffffff8a0c3603 ffff8880aaa62c00 ffff8880aaa62c00 0000000000000004 ffff88811145311c 0000000000000005 0000000000000001 ffff8880aaa62000 fffffe8040b4fd40 ffffffff8a0c360d Call Trace: <TASK> [<ffffffff8a0c360d>] __list_del_entry_valid include/linux/list.h:131 [inline] fffffe8040b4fc28 [<ffffffff8a0c360d>] __list_del_entry include/linux/list.h:248 [inline] fffffe8040b4fc28 [<ffffffff8a0c360d>] list_del include/linux/list.h:262 [inl ---truncated---

CVE-2025-39997. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: fix race condition to UAF in snd_usbmidi_free The previous commit 0718a78f6a9f ("ALSA: usb-audio: Kill timer properly at removal") patched a UAF issue caused by the error timer. However, because the error timer kill added in this patch occurs after the endpoint delete, a race condition to UAF still occurs, albeit rarely. Additionally, since kill-cleanup for urb is also missing, freed memory can be accessed in interrupt context related to urb, which can cause UAF. Therefore, to prevent this, error timer and urb must be killed before freeing the heap memory.

CVE-2025-21705. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: handle fastopen disconnect correctly Syzbot was able to trigger a data stream corruption: WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 9846 at net/mptcp/protocol.c:1024 __mptcp_clean_una+0xddb/0xff0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:1024 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9846 Comm: syz-executor351 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc2-syzkaller-00059-g00a5acdbf398 #0 Hardware name: Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 11/25/2024 RIP: 0010:__mptcp_clean_una+0xddb/0xff0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:1024 Code: fa ff ff 48 8b 4c 24 18 80 e1 07 fe c1 38 c1 0f 8c 8e fa ff ff 48 8b 7c 24 18 e8 e0 db 54 f6 e9 7f fa ff ff e8 e6 80 ee f5 90 <0f> 0b 90 4c 8b 6c 24 40 4d 89 f4 e9 04 f5 ff ff 44 89 f1 80 e1 07 RSP: 0018:ffffc9000c0cf400 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff8bb0dd5a RBX: ffff888033f5d230 RCX: ffff888059ce8000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffffc9000c0cf518 R08: ffffffff8bb0d1dd R09: 1ffff110170c8928 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed10170c8929 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: ffff888033f5d220 R14: dffffc0000000000 R15: ffff8880592b8000 FS: 00007f6e866496c0(0000) GS:ffff8880b8600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f6e86f491a0 CR3: 00000000310e6000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> __mptcp_clean_una_wakeup+0x7f/0x2d0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:1074 mptcp_release_cb+0x7cb/0xb30 net/mptcp/protocol.c:3493 release_sock+0x1aa/0x1f0 net/core/sock.c:3640 inet_wait_for_connect net/ipv4/af_inet.c:609 [inline] __inet_stream_connect+0x8bd/0xf30 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:703 mptcp_sendmsg_fastopen+0x2a2/0x530 net/mptcp/protocol.c:1755 mptcp_sendmsg+0x1884/0x1b10 net/mptcp/protocol.c:1830 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x1a6/0x270 net/socket.c:726 ____sys_sendmsg+0x52a/0x7e0 net/socket.c:2583 ___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2637 [inline] __sys_sendmsg+0x269/0x350 net/socket.c:2669 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f6e86ebfe69 Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 b1 1f 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b0 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f6e86649168 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f6e86f491b8 RCX: 00007f6e86ebfe69 RDX: 0000000030004001 RSI: 0000000020000080 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f6e86f491b0 R08: 00007f6e866496c0 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f6e86f491bc R13: 000000000000006e R14: 00007ffe445d9420 R15: 00007ffe445d9508 </TASK> The root cause is the bad handling of disconnect() generated internally by the MPTCP protocol in case of connect FASTOPEN errors. Address the issue increasing the socket disconnect counter even on such a case, to allow other threads waiting on the same socket lock to properly error out.

CVE-2025-39748. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Forget ranges when refining tnum after JSET Syzbot reported a kernel warning due to a range invariant violation on the following BPF program. 0: call bpf_get_netns_cookie 1: if r0 == 0 goto <exit> 2: if r0 & Oxffffffff goto <exit> The issue is on the path where we fall through both jumps. That path is unreachable at runtime: after insn 1, we know r0 != 0, but with the sign extension on the jset, we would only fallthrough insn 2 if r0 == 0. Unfortunately, is_branch_taken() isn't currently able to figure this out, so the verifier walks all branches. The verifier then refines the register bounds using the second condition and we end up with inconsistent bounds on this unreachable path: 1: if r0 == 0 goto <exit> r0: u64=[0x1, 0xffffffffffffffff] var_off=(0, 0xffffffffffffffff) 2: if r0 & 0xffffffff goto <exit> r0 before reg_bounds_sync: u64=[0x1, 0xffffffffffffffff] var_off=(0, 0) r0 after reg_bounds_sync: u64=[0x1, 0] var_off=(0, 0) Improving the range refinement for JSET to cover all cases is tricky. We also don't expect many users to rely on JSET given LLVM doesn't generate those instructions. So instead of improving the range refinement for JSETs, Eduard suggested we forget the ranges whenever we're narrowing tnums after a JSET. This patch implements that approach.

CVE-2024-58017. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: printk: Fix signed integer overflow when defining LOG_BUF_LEN_MAX Shifting 1 << 31 on a 32-bit int causes signed integer overflow, which leads to undefined behavior. To prevent this, cast 1 to u32 before performing the shift, ensuring well-defined behavior. This change explicitly avoids any potential overflow by ensuring that the shift occurs on an unsigned 32-bit integer.

CVE-2025-21814. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ptp: Ensure info->enable callback is always set The ioctl and sysfs handlers unconditionally call the ->enable callback. Not all drivers implement that callback, leading to NULL dereferences. Example of affected drivers: ptp_s390.c, ptp_vclock.c and ptp_mock.c. Instead use a dummy callback if no better was specified by the driver.

CVE-2023-54271. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-cgroup: Fix NULL deref caused by blkg_policy_data being installed before init blk-iocost sometimes causes the following crash: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000e0 ... RIP: 0010:_raw_spin_lock+0x17/0x30 Code: be 01 02 00 00 e8 79 38 39 ff 31 d2 89 d0 5d c3 0f 1f 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 48 89 e5 65 ff 05 48 d0 34 7e b9 01 00 00 00 31 c0 <f0> 0f b1 0f 75 02 5d c3 89 c6 e8 ea 04 00 00 5d c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 RSP: 0018:ffffc900023b3d40 EFLAGS: 00010046 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000e0 RCX: 0000000000000001 RDX: ffffc900023b3d20 RSI: ffffc900023b3cf0 RDI: 00000000000000e0 RBP: ffffc900023b3d40 R08: ffffc900023b3c10 R09: 0000000000000003 R10: 0000000000000064 R11: 000000000000000a R12: ffff888102337000 R13: fffffffffffffff2 R14: ffff88810af408c8 R15: ffff8881070c3600 FS: 00007faaaf364fc0(0000) GS:ffff88842fdc0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00000000000000e0 CR3: 00000001097b1000 CR4: 0000000000350ea0 Call Trace: <TASK> ioc_weight_write+0x13d/0x410 cgroup_file_write+0x7a/0x130 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0xf5/0x170 vfs_write+0x298/0x370 ksys_write+0x5f/0xb0 __x64_sys_write+0x1b/0x20 do_syscall_64+0x3d/0x80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0 This happens because iocg->ioc is NULL. The field is initialized by ioc_pd_init() and never cleared. The NULL deref is caused by blkcg_activate_policy() installing blkg_policy_data before initializing it. blkcg_activate_policy() was doing the following: 1. Allocate pd's for all existing blkg's and install them in blkg->pd[]. 2. Initialize all pd's. 3. Online all pd's. blkcg_activate_policy() only grabs the queue_lock and may release and re-acquire the lock as allocation may need to sleep. ioc_weight_write() grabs blkcg->lock and iterates all its blkg's. The two can race and if ioc_weight_write() runs during #1 or between #1 and #2, it can encounter a pd which is not initialized yet, leading to crash. The crash can be reproduced with the following script: #!/bin/bash echo +io > /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.subtree_control systemd-run --unit touch-sda --scope dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1 iflag=direct echo 100 > /sys/fs/cgroup/system.slice/io.weight bash -c "echo '8:0 enable=1' > /sys/fs/cgroup/io.cost.qos" & sleep .2 echo 100 > /sys/fs/cgroup/system.slice/io.weight with the following patch applied: > diff --git a/block/blk-cgroup.c b/block/blk-cgroup.c > index fc49be622e05..38d671d5e10c 100644 > --- a/block/blk-cgroup.c > +++ b/block/blk-cgroup.c > @@ -1553,6 +1553,12 @@ int blkcg_activate_policy(struct gendisk *disk, const struct blkcg_policy *pol) > pd->online = false; > } > > + if (system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) { > + spin_unlock_irq(&q->queue_lock); > + ssleep(1); > + spin_lock_irq(&q->queue_lock); > + } > + > /* all allocated, init in the same order */ > if (pol->pd_init_fn) > list_for_each_entry_reverse(blkg, &q->blkg_list, q_node) I don't see a reason why all pd's should be allocated, initialized and onlined together. The only ordering requirement is that parent blkgs to be initialized and onlined before children, which is guaranteed from the walking order. Let's fix the bug by allocating, initializing and onlining pd for each blkg and holding blkcg->lock over initialization and onlining. This ensures that an installed blkg is always fully initialized and onlined removing the the race window.

CVE-2024-57979. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pps: Fix a use-after-free On a board running ntpd and gpsd, I'm seeing a consistent use-after-free in sys_exit() from gpsd when rebooting: pps pps1: removed ------------[ cut here ]------------ kobject: '(null)' (00000000db4bec24): is not initialized, yet kobject_put() is being called. WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 440 at lib/kobject.c:734 kobject_put+0x120/0x150 CPU: 2 UID: 299 PID: 440 Comm: gpsd Not tainted 6.11.0-rc6-00308-gb31c44928842 #1 Hardware name: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.1 (DT) pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : kobject_put+0x120/0x150 lr : kobject_put+0x120/0x150 sp : ffffffc0803d3ae0 x29: ffffffc0803d3ae0 x28: ffffff8042dc9738 x27: 0000000000000001 x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffffff8042dc9040 x24: ffffff8042dc9440 x23: ffffff80402a4620 x22: ffffff8042ef4bd0 x21: ffffff80405cb600 x20: 000000000008001b x19: ffffff8040b3b6e0 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 696e6920746f6e20 x14: 7369203a29343263 x13: 205d303434542020 x12: 0000000000000000 x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 0000000000000000 x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000 x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: kobject_put+0x120/0x150 cdev_put+0x20/0x3c __fput+0x2c4/0x2d8 ____fput+0x1c/0x38 task_work_run+0x70/0xfc do_exit+0x2a0/0x924 do_group_exit+0x34/0x90 get_signal+0x7fc/0x8c0 do_signal+0x128/0x13b4 do_notify_resume+0xdc/0x160 el0_svc+0xd4/0xf8 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x140/0x14c el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ...followed by more symptoms of corruption, with similar stacks: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:62! Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops - BUG: Fatal exception This happens because pps_device_destruct() frees the pps_device with the embedded cdev immediately after calling cdev_del(), but, as the comment above cdev_del() notes, fops for previously opened cdevs are still callable even after cdev_del() returns. I think this bug has always been there: I can't explain why it suddenly started happening every time I reboot this particular board. In commit d953e0e837e6 ("pps: Fix a use-after free bug when unregistering a source."), George Spelvin suggested removing the embedded cdev. That seems like the simplest way to fix this, so I've implemented his suggestion, using __register_chrdev() with pps_idr becoming the source of truth for which minor corresponds to which device. But now that pps_idr defines userspace visibility instead of cdev_add(), we need to be sure the pps->dev refcount can't reach zero while userspace can still find it again. So, the idr_remove() call moves to pps_unregister_cdev(), and pps_idr now holds a reference to pps->dev. pps_core: source serial1 got cdev (251:1) <...> pps pps1: removed pps_core: unregistering pps1 pps_core: deallocating pps1

CVE-2025-21766. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: use RCU protection in __ip_rt_update_pmtu() __ip_rt_update_pmtu() must use RCU protection to make sure the net structure it reads does not disappear.

CVE-2024-58077. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: soc-pcm: don't use soc_pcm_ret() on .prepare callback commit 1f5664351410 ("ASoC: lower "no backend DAIs enabled for ... Port" log severity") ignores -EINVAL error message on common soc_pcm_ret(). It is used from many functions, ignoring -EINVAL is over-kill. The reason why -EINVAL was ignored was it really should only be used upon invalid parameters coming from userspace and in that case we don't want to log an error since we do not want to give userspace a way to do a denial-of-service attack on the syslog / diskspace. So don't use soc_pcm_ret() on .prepare callback is better idea.

CVE-2024-58009. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: handle NULL sock pointer in l2cap_sock_alloc A NULL sock pointer is passed into l2cap_sock_alloc() when it is called from l2cap_sock_new_connection_cb() and the error handling paths should also be aware of it. Seemingly a more elegant solution would be to swap bt_sock_alloc() and l2cap_chan_create() calls since they are not interdependent to that moment but then l2cap_chan_create() adds the soon to be deallocated and still dummy-initialized channel to the global list accessible by many L2CAP paths. The channel would be removed from the list in short period of time but be a bit more straight-forward here and just check for NULL instead of changing the order of function calls. Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE static analysis tool.

CVE-2023-52927. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: allow exp not to be removed in nf_ct_find_expectation Currently nf_conntrack_in() calling nf_ct_find_expectation() will remove the exp from the hash table. However, in some scenario, we expect the exp not to be removed when the created ct will not be confirmed, like in OVS and TC conntrack in the following patches. This patch allows exp not to be removed by setting IPS_CONFIRMED in the status of the tmpl.

CVE-2025-21703. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netem: Update sch->q.qlen before qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() notifies parent qdisc only if child qdisc becomes empty, therefore we need to reduce the backlog of the child qdisc before calling it. Otherwise it would miss the opportunity to call cops->qlen_notify(), in the case of DRR, it resulted in UAF since DRR uses ->qlen_notify() to maintain its active list.

CVE-2025-21700. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: Disallow replacing of child qdisc from one parent to another Lion Ackermann was able to create a UAF which can be abused for privilege escalation with the following script Step 1. create root qdisc tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1:0 drr step2. a class for packet aggregation do demonstrate uaf tc class add dev lo classid 1:1 drr step3. a class for nesting tc class add dev lo classid 1:2 drr step4. a class to graft qdisc to tc class add dev lo classid 1:3 drr step5. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2:0 plug limit 1024 step6. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:2 handle 3:0 drr step7. tc class add dev lo classid 3:1 drr step 8. tc qdisc add dev lo parent 3:1 handle 4:0 pfifo step 9. Display the class/qdisc layout tc class ls dev lo class drr 1:1 root leaf 2: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:2 root leaf 3: quantum 64Kb class drr 3:1 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb tc qdisc ls qdisc drr 1: dev lo root refcnt 2 qdisc plug 2: dev lo parent 1:1 qdisc pfifo 4: dev lo parent 3:1 limit 1000p qdisc drr 3: dev lo parent 1:2 step10. trigger the bug <=== prevented by this patch tc qdisc replace dev lo parent 1:3 handle 4:0 step 11. Redisplay again the qdiscs/classes tc class ls dev lo class drr 1:1 root leaf 2: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:2 root leaf 3: quantum 64Kb class drr 1:3 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb class drr 3:1 root leaf 4: quantum 64Kb tc qdisc ls qdisc drr 1: dev lo root refcnt 2 qdisc plug 2: dev lo parent 1:1 qdisc pfifo 4: dev lo parent 3:1 refcnt 2 limit 1000p qdisc drr 3: dev lo parent 1:2 Observe that a) parent for 4:0 does not change despite the replace request. There can only be one parent. b) refcount has gone up by two for 4:0 and c) both class 1:3 and 3:1 are pointing to it. Step 12. send one packet to plug echo "" | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888,priority=$((0x10001)) step13. send one packet to the grafted fifo echo "" | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888,priority=$((0x10003)) step14. lets trigger the uaf tc class delete dev lo classid 1:3 tc class delete dev lo classid 1:1 The semantics of "replace" is for a del/add _on the same node_ and not a delete from one node(3:1) and add to another node (1:3) as in step10. While we could "fix" with a more complex approach there could be consequences to expectations so the patch takes the preventive approach of "disallow such config". Joint work with Lion Ackermann <[email protected]>

CVE-2024-57996. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: sch_sfq: don't allow 1 packet limit The current implementation does not work correctly with a limit of 1. iproute2 actually checks for this and this patch adds the check in kernel as well. This fixes the following syzkaller reported crash: UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in net/sched/sch_sfq.c:210:6 index 65535 is out of range for type 'struct sfq_head[128]' CPU: 0 PID: 2569 Comm: syz-executor101 Not tainted 5.10.0-smp-DEV #1 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:79 [inline] dump_stack+0x125/0x19f lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:148 [inline] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xed/0x120 lib/ubsan.c:347 sfq_link net/sched/sch_sfq.c:210 [inline] sfq_dec+0x528/0x600 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:238 sfq_dequeue+0x39b/0x9d0 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:500 sfq_reset+0x13/0x50 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:525 qdisc_reset+0xfe/0x510 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1026 tbf_reset+0x3d/0x100 net/sched/sch_tbf.c:319 qdisc_reset+0xfe/0x510 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1026 dev_reset_queue+0x8c/0x140 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1296 netdev_for_each_tx_queue include/linux/netdevice.h:2350 [inline] dev_deactivate_many+0x6dc/0xc20 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1362 __dev_close_many+0x214/0x350 net/core/dev.c:1468 dev_close_many+0x207/0x510 net/core/dev.c:1506 unregister_netdevice_many+0x40f/0x16b0 net/core/dev.c:10738 unregister_netdevice_queue+0x2be/0x310 net/core/dev.c:10695 unregister_netdevice include/linux/netdevice.h:2893 [inline] __tun_detach+0x6b6/0x1600 drivers/net/tun.c:689 tun_detach drivers/net/tun.c:705 [inline] tun_chr_close+0x104/0x1b0 drivers/net/tun.c:3640 __fput+0x203/0x840 fs/file_table.c:280 task_work_run+0x129/0x1b0 kernel/task_work.c:185 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:33 [inline] do_exit+0x5ce/0x2200 kernel/exit.c:931 do_group_exit+0x144/0x310 kernel/exit.c:1046 __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1057 [inline] __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1055 [inline] __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3b/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1055 do_syscall_64+0x6c/0xd0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x61/0xcb RIP: 0033:0x7fe5e7b52479 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at RIP 0x7fe5e7b5244f. RSP: 002b:00007ffd3c800398 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fe5e7b52479 RDX: 000000000000003c RSI: 00000000000000e7 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: 00007fe5e7bcd2d0 R08: ffffffffffffffb8 R09: 0000000000000014 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fe5e7bcd2d0 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007fe5e7bcdd20 R15: 00007fe5e7b24270 The crash can be also be reproduced with the following (with a tc recompiled to allow for sfq limits of 1): tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root tbf rate 1Kbit burst 100b lat 1s ../iproute2-6.9.0/tc/tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 2: parent 1:10 sfq limit 1 ifconfig dummy0 up ping -I dummy0 -f -c2 -W0.1 8.8.8.8 sleep 1 Scenario that triggers the crash: * the first packet is sent and queued in TBF and SFQ; qdisc qlen is 1 * TBF dequeues: it peeks from SFQ which moves the packet to the gso_skb list and keeps qdisc qlen set to 1. TBF is out of tokens so it schedules itself for later. * the second packet is sent and TBF tries to queues it to SFQ. qdisc qlen is now 2 and because the SFQ limit is 1 the packet is dropped by SFQ. At this point qlen is 1, and all of the SFQ slots are empty, however q->tail is not NULL. At this point, assuming no more packets are queued, when sch_dequeue runs again it will decrement the qlen for the current empty slot causing an underflow and the subsequent out of bounds access.

CVE-2023-53292. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-mq: fix NULL dereference on q->elevator in blk_mq_elv_switch_none After grabbing q->sysfs_lock, q->elevator may become NULL because of elevator switch. Fix the NULL dereference on q->elevator by checking it with lock.

CVE-2024-57981. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: xhci: Fix NULL pointer dereference on certain command aborts If a command is queued to the final usable TRB of a ring segment, the enqueue pointer is advanced to the subsequent link TRB and no further. If the command is later aborted, when the abort completion is handled the dequeue pointer is advanced to the first TRB of the next segment. If no further commands are queued, xhci_handle_stopped_cmd_ring() sees the ring pointers unequal and assumes that there is a pending command, so it calls xhci_mod_cmd_timer() which crashes if cur_cmd was NULL. Don't attempt timer setup if cur_cmd is NULL. The subsequent doorbell ring likely is unnecessary too, but it's harmless. Leave it alone. This is probably Bug 219532, but no confirmation has been received. The issue has been independently reproduced and confirmed fixed using a USB MCU programmed to NAK the Status stage of SET_ADDRESS forever. Everything continued working normally after several prevented crashes.

CVE-2025-21682. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: eth: bnxt: always recalculate features after XDP clearing, fix null-deref Recalculate features when XDP is detached. Before: # ip li set dev eth0 xdp obj xdp_dummy.bpf.o sec xdp # ip li set dev eth0 xdp off # ethtool -k eth0 | grep gro rx-gro-hw: off [requested on] After: # ip li set dev eth0 xdp obj xdp_dummy.bpf.o sec xdp # ip li set dev eth0 xdp off # ethtool -k eth0 | grep gro rx-gro-hw: on The fact that HW-GRO doesn't get re-enabled automatically is just a minor annoyance. The real issue is that the features will randomly come back during another reconfiguration which just happens to invoke netdev_update_features(). The driver doesn't handle reconfiguring two things at a time very robustly. Starting with commit 98ba1d931f61 ("bnxt_en: Fix RSS logic in __bnxt_reserve_rings()") we only reconfigure the RSS hash table if the "effective" number of Rx rings has changed. If HW-GRO is enabled "effective" number of rings is 2x what user sees. So if we are in the bad state, with HW-GRO re-enablement "pending" after XDP off, and we lower the rings by / 2 - the HW-GRO rings doing 2x and the ethtool -L doing / 2 may cancel each other out, and the: if (old_rx_rings != bp->hw_resc.resv_rx_rings && condition in __bnxt_reserve_rings() will be false. The RSS map won't get updated, and we'll crash with: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000168 RIP: 0010:__bnxt_hwrm_vnic_set_rss+0x13a/0x1a0 bnxt_hwrm_vnic_rss_cfg_p5+0x47/0x180 __bnxt_setup_vnic_p5+0x58/0x110 bnxt_init_nic+0xb72/0xf50 __bnxt_open_nic+0x40d/0xab0 bnxt_open_nic+0x2b/0x60 ethtool_set_channels+0x18c/0x1d0 As we try to access a freed ring. The issue is present since XDP support was added, really, but prior to commit 98ba1d931f61 ("bnxt_en: Fix RSS logic in __bnxt_reserve_rings()") it wasn't causing major issues.

CVE-2024-58020. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: multitouch: Add NULL check in mt_input_configured devm_kasprintf() can return a NULL pointer on failure,but this returned value in mt_input_configured() is not checked. Add NULL check in mt_input_configured(), to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference error.

CVE-2024-58002. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: uvcvideo: Remove dangling pointers When an async control is written, we copy a pointer to the file handle that started the operation. That pointer will be used when the device is done. Which could be anytime in the future. If the user closes that file descriptor, its structure will be freed, and there will be one dangling pointer per pending async control, that the driver will try to use. Clean all the dangling pointers during release(). To avoid adding a performance penalty in the most common case (no async operation), a counter has been introduced with some logic to make sure that it is properly handled.

CVE-2025-21762. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arp: use RCU protection in arp_xmit() arp_xmit() can be called without RTNL or RCU protection. Use RCU protection to avoid potential UAF.

CVE-2024-56647. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: Fix icmp host relookup triggering ip_rt_bug arp link failure may trigger ip_rt_bug while xfrm enabled, call trace is: WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at net/ipv4/route.c:1241 ip_rt_bug+0x14/0x20 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc6-00077-g2e1b3cc9d7f7 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:ip_rt_bug+0x14/0x20 Call Trace: <IRQ> ip_send_skb+0x14/0x40 __icmp_send+0x42d/0x6a0 ipv4_link_failure+0xe2/0x1d0 arp_error_report+0x3c/0x50 neigh_invalidate+0x8d/0x100 neigh_timer_handler+0x2e1/0x330 call_timer_fn+0x21/0x120 __run_timer_base.part.0+0x1c9/0x270 run_timer_softirq+0x4c/0x80 handle_softirqs+0xac/0x280 irq_exit_rcu+0x62/0x80 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x77/0x90 The script below reproduces this scenario: ip xfrm policy add src 0.0.0.0/0 dst 0.0.0.0/0 \ dir out priority 0 ptype main flag localok icmp ip l a veth1 type veth ip a a 192.168.141.111/24 dev veth0 ip l s veth0 up ping 192.168.141.155 -c 1 icmp_route_lookup() create input routes for locally generated packets while xfrm relookup ICMP traffic.Then it will set input route (dst->out = ip_rt_bug) to skb for DESTUNREACH. For ICMP err triggered by locally generated packets, dst->dev of output route is loopback. Generally, xfrm relookup verification is not required on loopback interfaces (net.ipv4.conf.lo.disable_xfrm = 1). Skip icmp relookup for locally generated packets to fix it.

CVE-2025-21796. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: clear acl_access/acl_default after releasing them If getting acl_default fails, acl_access and acl_default will be released simultaneously. However, acl_access will still retain a pointer pointing to the released posix_acl, which will trigger a WARNING in nfs3svc_release_getacl like this: ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 26 PID: 3199 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 Modules linked in: CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 3199 Comm: nfsd Not tainted 6.12.0-rc6-00079-g04ae226af01f-dirty #8 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.1-2.fc37 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 Code: cc cc 0f b6 1d b3 20 a5 03 80 fb 01 0f 87 65 48 d8 00 83 e3 01 75 e4 48 c7 c7 c0 3b 9b 85 c6 05 97 20 a5 03 01 e8 fb 3e 30 ff <0f> 0b eb cd 0f b6 1d 8a3 RSP: 0018:ffffc90008637cd8 EFLAGS: 00010282 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff83904fde RDX: dffffc0000000000 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: ffff88871ed36380 RBP: ffff888158beeb40 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffff520010c6f56 R10: ffffc90008637ab7 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: ffff888140e77400 R14: ffff888140e77408 R15: ffffffff858b42c0 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88871ed00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000562384d32158 CR3: 000000055cc6a000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 ? __warn+0xa5/0x140 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 ? report_bug+0x1b1/0x1e0 ? handle_bug+0x53/0xa0 ? exc_invalid_op+0x17/0x40 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20 ? tick_nohz_tick_stopped+0x1e/0x40 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb5/0x170 nfs3svc_release_getacl+0xc9/0xe0 svc_process_common+0x5db/0xb60 ? __pfx_svc_process_common+0x10/0x10 ? __rcu_read_unlock+0x69/0xa0 ? __pfx_nfsd_dispatch+0x10/0x10 ? svc_xprt_received+0xa1/0x120 ? xdr_init_decode+0x11d/0x190 svc_process+0x2a7/0x330 svc_handle_xprt+0x69d/0x940 svc_recv+0x180/0x2d0 nfsd+0x168/0x200 ? __pfx_nfsd+0x10/0x10 kthread+0x1a2/0x1e0 ? kthread+0xf4/0x1e0 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork+0x34/0x60 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel: panic_on_warn set ... Clear acl_access/acl_default after posix_acl_release is called to prevent UAF from being triggered.

CVE-2025-21744. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: fix NULL pointer dereference in brcmf_txfinalize() On removal of the device or unloading of the kernel module a potential NULL pointer dereference occurs. The following sequence deletes the interface: brcmf_detach() brcmf_remove_interface() brcmf_del_if() Inside the brcmf_del_if() function the drvr->if2bss[ifidx] is updated to BRCMF_BSSIDX_INVALID (-1) if the bsscfgidx matches. After brcmf_remove_interface() call the brcmf_proto_detach() function is called providing the following sequence: brcmf_detach() brcmf_proto_detach() brcmf_proto_msgbuf_detach() brcmf_flowring_detach() brcmf_msgbuf_delete_flowring() brcmf_msgbuf_remove_flowring() brcmf_flowring_delete() brcmf_get_ifp() brcmf_txfinalize() Since brcmf_get_ip() can and actually will return NULL in this case the call to brcmf_txfinalize() will result in a NULL pointer dereference inside brcmf_txfinalize() when trying to update ifp->ndev->stats.tx_errors. This will only happen if a flowring still has an skb. Although the NULL pointer dereference has only been seen when trying to update the tx statistic, all other uses of the ifp pointer have been guarded as well with an early return if ifp is NULL.

CVE-2025-21724. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommufd/iova_bitmap: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in iova_bitmap_offset_to_index() Resolve a UBSAN shift-out-of-bounds issue in iova_bitmap_offset_to_index() where shifting the constant "1" (of type int) by bitmap->mapped.pgshift (an unsigned long value) could result in undefined behavior. The constant "1" defaults to a 32-bit "int", and when "pgshift" exceeds 31 (e.g., pgshift = 63) the shift operation overflows, as the result cannot be represented in a 32-bit type. To resolve this, the constant is updated to "1UL", promoting it to an unsigned long type to match the operand's type.

CVE-2025-21864. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: drop secpath at the same time as we currently drop dst Xiumei reported hitting the WARN in xfrm6_tunnel_net_exit while running tests that boil down to: - create a pair of netns - run a basic TCP test over ipcomp6 - delete the pair of netns The xfrm_state found on spi_byaddr was not deleted at the time we delete the netns, because we still have a reference on it. This lingering reference comes from a secpath (which holds a ref on the xfrm_state), which is still attached to an skb. This skb is not leaked, it ends up on sk_receive_queue and then gets defer-free'd by skb_attempt_defer_free. The problem happens when we defer freeing an skb (push it on one CPU's defer_list), and don't flush that list before the netns is deleted. In that case, we still have a reference on the xfrm_state that we don't expect at this point. We already drop the skb's dst in the TCP receive path when it's no longer needed, so let's also drop the secpath. At this point, tcp_filter has already called into the LSM hooks that may require the secpath, so it should not be needed anymore. However, in some of those places, the MPTCP extension has just been attached to the skb, so we cannot simply drop all extensions.

CVE-2025-21830. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: landlock: Handle weird files A corrupted filesystem (e.g. bcachefs) might return weird files. Instead of throwing a warning and allowing access to such file, treat them as regular files.

CVE-2025-21725. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix oops due to unset link speed It isn't guaranteed that NETWORK_INTERFACE_INFO::LinkSpeed will always be set by the server, so the client must handle any values and then prevent oopses like below from happening: Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1323 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7 #2 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa45/0x1460 [cifs] Code: 00 00 48 89 df e8 3b cd 1b c1 41 f6 44 24 2c 04 0f 84 50 01 00 00 48 89 ef e8 e7 d0 1b c1 49 8b 44 24 18 31 d2 49 8d 7c 24 28 <48> f7 74 24 18 48 89 c3 e8 6e cf 1b c1 41 8b 6c 24 28 49 8d 7c 24 RSP: 0018:ffffc90001817be0 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88811230022c RCX: ffffffffc041bd99 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000567 RDI: ffff888112300228 RBP: ffff888112300218 R08: fffff52000302f5f R09: ffffed1022fa58ac R10: ffff888117d2c566 R11: 00000000fffffffe R12: ffff888112300200 R13: 000000012a15343f R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ffff888113f2db58 FS: 00007fe27119e740(0000) GS:ffff888148600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fe2633c5000 CR3: 0000000124da0000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die_body.cold+0x19/0x27 ? die+0x2e/0x50 ? do_trap+0x159/0x1b0 ? cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa45/0x1460 [cifs] ? do_error_trap+0x90/0x130 ? cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa45/0x1460 [cifs] ? exc_divide_error+0x39/0x50 ? cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa45/0x1460 [cifs] ? asm_exc_divide_error+0x1a/0x20 ? cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa39/0x1460 [cifs] ? cifs_debug_data_proc_show+0xa45/0x1460 [cifs] ? seq_read_iter+0x42e/0x790 seq_read_iter+0x19a/0x790 proc_reg_read_iter+0xbe/0x110 ? __pfx_proc_reg_read_iter+0x10/0x10 vfs_read+0x469/0x570 ? do_user_addr_fault+0x398/0x760 ? __pfx_vfs_read+0x10/0x10 ? find_held_lock+0x8a/0xa0 ? __pfx_lock_release+0x10/0x10 ksys_read+0xd3/0x170 ? __pfx_ksys_read+0x10/0x10 ? __rcu_read_unlock+0x50/0x270 ? mark_held_locks+0x1a/0x90 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x1d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe271288911 Code: 00 48 8b 15 01 25 10 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 b8 ff ff ff ff eb bd e8 20 ad 01 00 f3 0f 1e fa 80 3d b5 a7 10 00 00 74 13 31 c0 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 4f c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 48 89 e5 48 83 ec RSP: 002b:00007ffe87c079d8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000000 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000040000 RCX: 00007fe271288911 RDX: 0000000000040000 RSI: 00007fe2633c6000 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007ffe87c07a00 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007fe2713e6380 R10: 0000000000000022 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000040000 R13: 00007fe2633c6000 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000 </TASK> Fix this by setting cifs_server_iface::speed to a sane value (1Gbps) by default when link speed is unset.

CVE-2025-21858. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: geneve: Fix use-after-free in geneve_find_dev(). syzkaller reported a use-after-free in geneve_find_dev() [0] without repro. geneve_configure() links struct geneve_dev.next to net_generic(net, geneve_net_id)->geneve_list. The net here could differ from dev_net(dev) if IFLA_NET_NS_PID, IFLA_NET_NS_FD, or IFLA_TARGET_NETNSID is set. When dev_net(dev) is dismantled, geneve_exit_batch_rtnl() finally calls unregister_netdevice_queue() for each dev in the netns, and later the dev is freed. However, its geneve_dev.next is still linked to the backend UDP socket netns. Then, use-after-free will occur when another geneve dev is created in the netns. Let's call geneve_dellink() instead in geneve_destroy_tunnels(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in geneve_find_dev drivers/net/geneve.c:1295 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in geneve_configure+0x234/0x858 drivers/net/geneve.c:1343 Read of size 2 at addr ffff000054d6ee24 by task syz.1.4029/13441 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 13441 Comm: syz.1.4029 Not tainted 6.13.0-g0ad9617c78ac #24 dc35ca22c79fb82e8e7bc5c9c9adafea898b1e3d Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Call trace: show_stack+0x38/0x50 arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:466 (C) __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x108 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x16c/0x6f0 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0xc0/0x120 mm/kasan/report.c:602 __asan_report_load2_noabort+0x20/0x30 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:379 geneve_find_dev drivers/net/geneve.c:1295 [inline] geneve_configure+0x234/0x858 drivers/net/geneve.c:1343 geneve_newlink+0xb8/0x128 drivers/net/geneve.c:1634 rtnl_newlink_create+0x23c/0x868 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3795 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3906 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x1054/0x1630 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4021 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x61c/0x918 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6911 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1dc/0x398 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2543 rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6938 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1322 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x618/0x838 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1348 netlink_sendmsg+0x5fc/0x8b0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1892 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:713 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:728 [inline] ____sys_sendmsg+0x410/0x6f8 net/socket.c:2568 ___sys_sendmsg+0x178/0x1d8 net/socket.c:2622 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2654 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2659 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2657 [inline] __arm64_sys_sendmsg+0x12c/0x1c8 net/socket.c:2657 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x90/0x278 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:49 el0_svc_common+0x13c/0x250 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:132 do_el0_svc+0x54/0x70 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:151 el0_svc+0x4c/0xa8 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:744 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x78/0x108 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:762 el0t_64_sync+0x198/0x1a0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:600 Allocated by task 13247: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x30/0x68 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_alloc_info+0x44/0x58 mm/kasan/generic.c:568 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x84/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4298 [inline] __kmalloc_node_noprof+0x2a0/0x560 mm/slub.c:4304 __kvmalloc_node_noprof+0x9c/0x230 mm/util.c:645 alloc_netdev_mqs+0xb8/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:11470 rtnl_create_link+0x2b8/0xb50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3604 rtnl_newlink_create+0x19c/0x868 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3780 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3906 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x1054/0x1630 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4021 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x61c/0x918 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6911 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1dc/0x398 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2543 rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6938 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_n ---truncated---

CVE-2025-21790. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: check vxlan_vnigroup_init() return value vxlan_init() must check vxlan_vnigroup_init() success otherwise a crash happens later, spotted by syzbot. Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc000000002c: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000160-0x0000000000000167] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 7313 Comm: syz-executor147 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc1-syzkaller-00276-g69b54314c975 #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:vxlan_vnigroup_uninit+0x89/0x500 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_vnifilter.c:912 Code: 00 48 8b 44 24 08 4c 8b b0 98 41 00 00 49 8d 86 60 01 00 00 48 89 c2 48 89 44 24 10 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 0f 85 4d 04 00 00 49 8b 86 60 01 00 00 48 ba 00 00 00 RSP: 0018:ffffc9000cc1eea8 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: ffffffff8672effb RDX: 000000000000002c RSI: ffffffff8672ecb9 RDI: ffff8880461b4f18 RBP: ffff8880461b4ef4 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000020000 R13: ffff8880461b0d80 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: dffffc0000000000 FS: 00007fecfa95d6c0(0000) GS:ffff88806a600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fecfa95cfb8 CR3: 000000004472c000 CR4: 0000000000352ef0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> vxlan_uninit+0x1ab/0x200 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_core.c:2942 unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x12d6/0x1f30 net/core/dev.c:11824 unregister_netdevice_many net/core/dev.c:11866 [inline] unregister_netdevice_queue+0x307/0x3f0 net/core/dev.c:11736 register_netdevice+0x1829/0x1eb0 net/core/dev.c:10901 __vxlan_dev_create+0x7c6/0xa30 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_core.c:3981 vxlan_newlink+0xd1/0x130 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_core.c:4407 rtnl_newlink_create net/core/rtnetlink.c:3795 [inline] __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3906 [inline]

CVE-2025-23131. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dlm: prevent NPD when writing a positive value to event_done do_uevent returns the value written to event_done. In case it is a positive value, new_lockspace would undo all the work, and lockspace would not be set. __dlm_new_lockspace, however, would treat that positive value as a success due to commit 8511a2728ab8 ("dlm: fix use count with multiple joins"). Down the line, device_create_lockspace would pass that NULL lockspace to dlm_find_lockspace_local, leading to a NULL pointer dereference. Treating such positive values as successes prevents the problem. Given this has been broken for so long, this is unlikely to break userspace expectations.

CVE-2025-21838. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: core: flush gadget workqueue after device removal device_del() can lead to new work being scheduled in gadget->work workqueue. This is observed, for example, with the dwc3 driver with the following call stack: device_del() gadget_unbind_driver() usb_gadget_disconnect_locked() dwc3_gadget_pullup() dwc3_gadget_soft_disconnect() usb_gadget_set_state() schedule_work(&gadget->work) Move flush_work() after device_del() to ensure the workqueue is cleaned up.

CVE-2024-57993. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: hid-thrustmaster: Fix warning in thrustmaster_probe by adding endpoint check syzbot has found a type mismatch between a USB pipe and the transfer endpoint, which is triggered by the hid-thrustmaster driver[1]. There is a number of similar, already fixed issues [2]. In this case as in others, implementing check for endpoint type fixes the issue. [1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=040e8b3db6a96908d470 [2] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=348331f63b034f89b622

CVE-2024-49998. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: dsa: improve shutdown sequence Alexander Sverdlin presents 2 problems during shutdown with the lan9303 driver. One is specific to lan9303 and the other just happens to reproduce there. The first problem is that lan9303 is unique among DSA drivers in that it calls dev_get_drvdata() at "arbitrary runtime" (not probe, not shutdown, not remove): phy_state_machine() -> ... -> dsa_user_phy_read() -> ds->ops->phy_read() -> lan9303_phy_read() -> chip->ops->phy_read() -> lan9303_mdio_phy_read() -> dev_get_drvdata() But we never stop the phy_state_machine(), so it may continue to run after dsa_switch_shutdown(). Our common pattern in all DSA drivers is to set drvdata to NULL to suppress the remove() method that may come afterwards. But in this case it will result in an NPD. The second problem is that the way in which we set dp->conduit->dsa_ptr = NULL; is concurrent with receive packet processing. dsa_switch_rcv() checks once whether dev->dsa_ptr is NULL, but afterwards, rather than continuing to use that non-NULL value, dev->dsa_ptr is dereferenced again and again without NULL checks: dsa_conduit_find_user() and many other places. In between dereferences, there is no locking to ensure that what was valid once continues to be valid. Both problems have the common aspect that closing the conduit interface solves them. In the first case, dev_close(conduit) triggers the NETDEV_GOING_DOWN event in dsa_user_netdevice_event() which closes user ports as well. dsa_port_disable_rt() calls phylink_stop(), which synchronously stops the phylink state machine, and ds->ops->phy_read() will thus no longer call into the driver after this point. In the second case, dev_close(conduit) should do this, as per Documentation/networking/driver.rst: | Quiescence | ---------- | | After the ndo_stop routine has been called, the hardware must | not receive or transmit any data. All in flight packets must | be aborted. If necessary, poll or wait for completion of | any reset commands. So it should be sufficient to ensure that later, when we zeroize conduit->dsa_ptr, there will be no concurrent dsa_switch_rcv() call on this conduit. The addition of the netif_device_detach() function is to ensure that ioctls, rtnetlinks and ethtool requests on the user ports no longer propagate down to the driver - we're no longer prepared to handle them. The race condition actually did not exist when commit 0650bf52b31f ("net: dsa: be compatible with masters which unregister on shutdown") first introduced dsa_switch_shutdown(). It was created later, when we stopped unregistering the user interfaces from a bad spot, and we just replaced that sequence with a racy zeroization of conduit->dsa_ptr (one which doesn't ensure that the interfaces aren't up).

CVE-2025-21706. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: pm: only set fullmesh for subflow endp With the in-kernel path-manager, it is possible to change the 'fullmesh' flag. The code in mptcp_pm_nl_fullmesh() expects to change it only on 'subflow' endpoints, to recreate more or less subflows using the linked address. Unfortunately, the set_flags() hook was a bit more permissive, and allowed 'implicit' endpoints to get the 'fullmesh' flag while it is not allowed before. That's what syzbot found, triggering the following warning: WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6499 at net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 __mark_subflow_endp_available net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 [inline] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6499 at net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 mptcp_pm_nl_fullmesh net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1980 [inline] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6499 at net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 mptcp_nl_set_flags net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:2003 [inline] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6499 at net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 mptcp_pm_nl_set_flags+0x974/0xdc0 net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:2064 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6499 Comm: syz.1.413 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc5-syzkaller-00172-gd1bf27c4e176 #0 Hardware name: Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 RIP: 0010:__mark_subflow_endp_available net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1496 [inline] RIP: 0010:mptcp_pm_nl_fullmesh net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1980 [inline] RIP: 0010:mptcp_nl_set_flags net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:2003 [inline] RIP: 0010:mptcp_pm_nl_set_flags+0x974/0xdc0 net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:2064 Code: 01 00 00 49 89 c5 e8 fb 45 e8 f5 e9 b8 fc ff ff e8 f1 45 e8 f5 4c 89 f7 be 03 00 00 00 e8 44 1d 0b f9 eb a0 e8 dd 45 e8 f5 90 <0f> 0b 90 e9 17 ff ff ff 89 d9 80 e1 07 38 c1 0f 8c c9 fc ff ff 48 RSP: 0018:ffffc9000d307240 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff8bb72e03 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffff88807da88000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffffc9000d307430 R08: ffffffff8bb72cf0 R09: 1ffff1100b842a5e R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed100b842a5f R12: ffff88801e2e5ac0 R13: ffff88805c214800 R14: ffff88805c2152e8 R15: 1ffff1100b842a5d FS: 00005555619f6500(0000) GS:ffff8880b8600000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000020002840 CR3: 00000000247e6000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> genl_family_rcv_msg_doit net/netlink/genetlink.c:1115 [inline] genl_family_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:1195 [inline] genl_rcv_msg+0xb14/0xec0 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1210 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1e3/0x430 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2542 genl_rcv+0x28/0x40 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1219 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1321 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x7f6/0x990 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1347 netlink_sendmsg+0x8e4/0xcb0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1891 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x221/0x270 net/socket.c:726 ____sys_sendmsg+0x52a/0x7e0 net/socket.c:2583 ___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2637 [inline] __sys_sendmsg+0x269/0x350 net/socket.c:2669 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f5fe8785d29 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fff571f5558 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f5fe8975fa0 RCX: 00007f5fe8785d29 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000020000480 RDI: 0000000000000007 RBP: 00007f5fe8801b08 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f5fe8975fa0 R14: 00007f5fe8975fa0 R15: 000000 ---truncated---

CVE-2025-21863. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring: prevent opcode speculation sqe->opcode is used for different tables, make sure we santitise it against speculations.

CVE-2024-57986. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: core: Fix assumption that Resolution Multipliers must be in Logical Collections A report in 2019 by the syzbot fuzzer was found to be connected to two errors in the HID core associated with Resolution Multipliers. One of the errors was fixed by commit ea427a222d8b ("HID: core: Fix deadloop in hid_apply_multiplier."), but the other has not been fixed. This error arises because hid_apply_multipler() assumes that every Resolution Multiplier control is contained in a Logical Collection, i.e., there's no way the routine can ever set multiplier_collection to NULL. This is in spite of the fact that the function starts with a big comment saying: * "The Resolution Multiplier control must be contained in the same * Logical Collection as the control(s) to which it is to be applied. ... * If no Logical Collection is * defined, the Resolution Multiplier is associated with all * controls in the report." * HID Usage Table, v1.12, Section 4.3.1, p30 * * Thus, search from the current collection upwards until we find a * logical collection... The comment and the code overlook the possibility that none of the collections found may be a Logical Collection. The fix is to set the multiplier_collection pointer to NULL if the collection found isn't a Logical Collection.

CVE-2025-21738. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ata: libata-sff: Ensure that we cannot write outside the allocated buffer reveliofuzzing reported that a SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl with out_len set to 0xd42, SCSI command set to ATA_16 PASS-THROUGH, ATA command set to ATA_NOP, and protocol set to ATA_PROT_PIO, can cause ata_pio_sector() to write outside the allocated buffer, overwriting random memory. While a ATA device is supposed to abort a ATA_NOP command, there does seem to be a bug either in libata-sff or QEMU, where either this status is not set, or the status is cleared before read by ata_sff_hsm_move(). Anyway, that is most likely a separate bug. Looking at __atapi_pio_bytes(), it already has a safety check to ensure that __atapi_pio_bytes() cannot write outside the allocated buffer. Add a similar check to ata_pio_sector(), such that also ata_pio_sector() cannot write outside the allocated buffer.

CVE-2025-21765. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: use RCU protection in ip6_default_advmss() ip6_default_advmss() needs rcu protection to make sure the net structure it reads does not disappear.

CVE-2024-58005. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tpm: Change to kvalloc() in eventlog/acpi.c The following failure was reported on HPE ProLiant D320: [ 10.693310][ T1] tpm_tis STM0925:00: 2.0 TPM (device-id 0x3, rev-id 0) [ 10.848132][ T1] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 10.853559][ T1] WARNING: CPU: 59 PID: 1 at mm/page_alloc.c:4727 __alloc_pages_noprof+0x2ca/0x330 [ 10.862827][ T1] Modules linked in: [ 10.866671][ T1] CPU: 59 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.12.0-lp155.2.g52785e2-default #1 openSUSE Tumbleweed (unreleased) 588cd98293a7c9eba9013378d807364c088c9375 [ 10.882741][ T1] Hardware name: HPE ProLiant DL320 Gen12/ProLiant DL320 Gen12, BIOS 1.20 10/28/2024 [ 10.892170][ T1] RIP: 0010:__alloc_pages_noprof+0x2ca/0x330 [ 10.898103][ T1] Code: 24 08 e9 4a fe ff ff e8 34 36 fa ff e9 88 fe ff ff 83 fe 0a 0f 86 b3 fd ff ff 80 3d 01 e7 ce 01 00 75 09 c6 05 f8 e6 ce 01 01 <0f> 0b 45 31 ff e9 e5 fe ff ff f7 c2 00 00 08 00 75 42 89 d9 80 e1 [ 10.917750][ T1] RSP: 0000:ffffb7cf40077980 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 10.923777][ T1] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000040cc0 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 10.931727][ T1] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000000c RDI: 0000000000040cc0 The above transcript shows that ACPI pointed a 16 MiB buffer for the log events because RSI maps to the 'order' parameter of __alloc_pages_noprof(). Address the bug by moving from devm_kmalloc() to devm_add_action() and kvmalloc() and devm_add_action().

CVE-2025-21756. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock: Keep the binding until socket destruction Preserve sockets bindings; this includes both resulting from an explicit bind() and those implicitly bound through autobind during connect(). Prevents socket unbinding during a transport reassignment, which fixes a use-after-free: 1. vsock_create() (refcnt=1) calls vsock_insert_unbound() (refcnt=2) 2. transport->release() calls vsock_remove_bound() without checking if sk was bound and moved to bound list (refcnt=1) 3. vsock_bind() assumes sk is in unbound list and before __vsock_insert_bound(vsock_bound_sockets()) calls __vsock_remove_bound() which does: list_del_init(&vsk->bound_table); // nop sock_put(&vsk->sk); // refcnt=0 BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __vsock_bind+0x62e/0x730 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88816b46a74c by task a.out/2057 dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x90 print_report+0x174/0x4f6 kasan_report+0xb9/0x190 __vsock_bind+0x62e/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e Allocated by task 2057: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x85/0x90 kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x131/0x450 sk_prot_alloc+0x5b/0x220 sk_alloc+0x2c/0x870 __vsock_create.constprop.0+0x2e/0xb60 vsock_create+0xe4/0x420 __sock_create+0x241/0x650 __sys_socket+0xf2/0x1a0 __x64_sys_socket+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e Freed by task 2057: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x37/0x60 __kasan_slab_free+0x4b/0x70 kmem_cache_free+0x1a1/0x590 __sk_destruct+0x388/0x5a0 __vsock_bind+0x5e1/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 2057 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xce/0x150 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xce/0x150 __vsock_bind+0x66d/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 2057 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xee/0x150 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xee/0x150 vsock_remove_bound+0x187/0x1e0 __vsock_release+0x383/0x4a0 vsock_release+0x90/0x120 __sock_release+0xa3/0x250 sock_close+0x14/0x20 __fput+0x359/0xa80 task_work_run+0x107/0x1d0 do_exit+0x847/0x2560 do_group_exit+0xb8/0x250 __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3a/0x50 x64_sys_call+0xfec/0x14f0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

CVE-2024-56719. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: stmmac: fix TSO DMA API usage causing oops Commit 66600fac7a98 ("net: stmmac: TSO: Fix unbalanced DMA map/unmap for non-paged SKB data") moved the assignment of tx_skbuff_dma[]'s members to be later in stmmac_tso_xmit(). The buf (dma cookie) and len stored in this structure are passed to dma_unmap_single() by stmmac_tx_clean(). The DMA API requires that the dma cookie passed to dma_unmap_single() is the same as the value returned from dma_map_single(). However, by moving the assignment later, this is not the case when priv->dma_cap.addr64 > 32 as "des" is offset by proto_hdr_len. This causes problems such as: dwc-eth-dwmac 2490000.ethernet eth0: Tx DMA map failed and with DMA_API_DEBUG enabled: DMA-API: dwc-eth-dwmac 2490000.ethernet: device driver tries to +free DMA memory it has not allocated [device address=0x000000ffffcf65c0] [size=66 bytes] Fix this by maintaining "des" as the original DMA cookie, and use tso_des to pass the offset DMA cookie to stmmac_tso_allocator(). Full details of the crashes can be found at: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/ https://lore.kernel.org/all/klkzp5yn5kq5efgtrow6wbvnc46bcqfxs65nz3qy77ujr5turc@bwwhelz2l4dw/

CVE-2024-58083. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: Explicitly verify target vCPU is online in kvm_get_vcpu() Explicitly verify the target vCPU is fully online _prior_ to clamping the index in kvm_get_vcpu(). If the index is "bad", the nospec clamping will generate '0', i.e. KVM will return vCPU0 instead of NULL. In practice, the bug is unlikely to cause problems, as it will only come into play if userspace or the guest is buggy or misbehaving, e.g. KVM may send interrupts to vCPU0 instead of dropping them on the floor. However, returning vCPU0 when it shouldn't exist per online_vcpus is problematic now that KVM uses an xarray for the vCPUs array, as KVM needs to insert into the xarray before publishing the vCPU to userspace (see commit c5b077549136 ("KVM: Convert the kvm->vcpus array to a xarray")), i.e. before vCPU creation is guaranteed to succeed. As a result, incorrectly providing access to vCPU0 will trigger a use-after-free if vCPU0 is dereferenced and kvm_vm_ioctl_create_vcpu() bails out of vCPU creation due to an error and frees vCPU0. Commit afb2acb2e3a3 ("KVM: Fix vcpu_array[0] races") papered over that issue, but in doing so introduced an unsolvable teardown conundrum. Preventing accesses to vCPU0 before it's fully online will allow reverting commit afb2acb2e3a3, without re-introducing the vcpu_array[0] UAF race.

CVE-2025-21702. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pfifo_tail_enqueue: Drop new packet when sch->limit == 0 Expected behaviour: In case we reach scheduler's limit, pfifo_tail_enqueue() will drop a packet in scheduler's queue and decrease scheduler's qlen by one. Then, pfifo_tail_enqueue() enqueue new packet and increase scheduler's qlen by one. Finally, pfifo_tail_enqueue() return `NET_XMIT_CN` status code. Weird behaviour: In case we set `sch->limit == 0` and trigger pfifo_tail_enqueue() on a scheduler that has no packet, the 'drop a packet' step will do nothing. This means the scheduler's qlen still has value equal 0. Then, we continue to enqueue new packet and increase scheduler's qlen by one. In summary, we can leverage pfifo_tail_enqueue() to increase qlen by one and return `NET_XMIT_CN` status code. The problem is: Let's say we have two qdiscs: Qdisc_A and Qdisc_B. - Qdisc_A's type must have '->graft()' function to create parent/child relationship. Let's say Qdisc_A's type is `hfsc`. Enqueue packet to this qdisc will trigger `hfsc_enqueue`. - Qdisc_B's type is pfifo_head_drop. Enqueue packet to this qdisc will trigger `pfifo_tail_enqueue`. - Qdisc_B is configured to have `sch->limit == 0`. - Qdisc_A is configured to route the enqueued's packet to Qdisc_B. Enqueue packet through Qdisc_A will lead to: - hfsc_enqueue(Qdisc_A) -> pfifo_tail_enqueue(Qdisc_B) - Qdisc_B->q.qlen += 1 - pfifo_tail_enqueue() return `NET_XMIT_CN` - hfsc_enqueue() check for `NET_XMIT_SUCCESS` and see `NET_XMIT_CN` => hfsc_enqueue() don't increase qlen of Qdisc_A. The whole process lead to a situation where Qdisc_A->q.qlen == 0 and Qdisc_B->q.qlen == 1. Replace 'hfsc' with other type (for example: 'drr') still lead to the same problem. This violate the design where parent's qlen should equal to the sum of its childrens'qlen. Bug impact: This issue can be used for user->kernel privilege escalation when it is reachable.

CVE-2025-38192. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: clear the dst when changing skb protocol A not-so-careful NAT46 BPF program can crash the kernel if it indiscriminately flips ingress packets from v4 to v6: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 ip6_rcv_core (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:190:20) ipv6_rcv (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:306:8) process_backlog (net/core/dev.c:6186:4) napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:6906:9) net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7028:13) do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:462:3) netif_rx (net/core/dev.c:5326:3) dev_loopback_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4015:2) ip_mc_finish_output (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:363:8) NF_HOOK (./include/linux/netfilter.h:314:9) ip_mc_output (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:400:5) dst_output (./include/net/dst.h:459:9) ip_local_out (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:130:9) ip_send_skb (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:1496:8) udp_send_skb (net/ipv4/udp.c:1040:8) udp_sendmsg (net/ipv4/udp.c:1328:10) The output interface has a 4->6 program attached at ingress. We try to loop the multicast skb back to the sending socket. Ingress BPF runs as part of netif_rx(), pushes a valid v6 hdr and changes skb->protocol to v6. We enter ip6_rcv_core which tries to use skb_dst(). But the dst is still an IPv4 one left after IPv4 mcast output. Clear the dst in all BPF helpers which change the protocol. Try to preserve metadata dsts, those may carry non-routing metadata.

CVE-2025-38704. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rcu/nocb: Fix possible invalid rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread pointer access In the preparation stage of CPU online, if the corresponding the rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread does not exist, will be created, there is a situation where the rdp's rcuop kthreads creation fails, and then de-offload this CPU's rdp, does not assign this CPU's rdp->nocb_cb_kthread pointer, but this rdp's->nocb_gp_rdp and rdp's->rdp_gp->nocb_gp_kthread is still valid. This will cause the subsequent re-offload operation of this offline CPU, which will pass the conditional check and the kthread_unpark() will access invalid rdp's->nocb_cb_kthread pointer. This commit therefore use rdp's->nocb_gp_kthread instead of rdp_gp's->nocb_gp_kthread for safety check.

CVE-2024-58071. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: team: prevent adding a device which is already a team device lower Prevent adding a device which is already a team device lower, e.g. adding veth0 if vlan1 was already added and veth0 is a lower of vlan1. This is not useful in practice and can lead to recursive locking: $ ip link add veth0 type veth peer name veth1 $ ip link set veth0 up $ ip link set veth1 up $ ip link add link veth0 name veth0.1 type vlan protocol 802.1Q id 1 $ ip link add team0 type team $ ip link set veth0.1 down $ ip link set veth0.1 master team0 team0: Port device veth0.1 added $ ip link set veth0 down $ ip link set veth0 master team0 ============================================ WARNING: possible recursive locking detected 6.13.0-rc2-virtme-00441-ga14a429069bb #46 Not tainted -------------------------------------------- ip/7684 is trying to acquire lock: ffff888016848e00 (team->team_lock_key){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) but task is already holding lock: ffff888016848e00 (team->team_lock_key){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: team_add_slave (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1147 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1977) other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(team->team_lock_key); lock(team->team_lock_key); *** DEADLOCK *** May be due to missing lock nesting notation 2 locks held by ip/7684: stack backtrace: CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 7684 Comm: ip Not tainted 6.13.0-rc2-virtme-00441-ga14a429069bb #46 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:122) print_deadlock_bug.cold (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3040) __lock_acquire (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3893 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5226) ? netlink_broadcast_filtered (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1548) lock_acquire.part.0 (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:467 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5851) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) ? trace_lock_acquire (./include/trace/events/lock.h:24 (discriminator 2)) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) ? lock_acquire (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5822) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) __mutex_lock (kernel/locking/mutex.c:587 kernel/locking/mutex.c:735) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) ? fib_sync_up (net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c:2167) ? team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) team_device_event (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2928 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2951 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2973) notifier_call_chain (kernel/notifier.c:85) call_netdevice_notifiers_info (net/core/dev.c:1996) __dev_notify_flags (net/core/dev.c:8993) ? __dev_change_flags (net/core/dev.c:8975) dev_change_flags (net/core/dev.c:9027) vlan_device_event (net/8021q/vlan.c:85 net/8021q/vlan.c:470) ? br_device_event (net/bridge/br.c:143) notifier_call_chain (kernel/notifier.c:85) call_netdevice_notifiers_info (net/core/dev.c:1996) dev_open (net/core/dev.c:1519 net/core/dev.c:1505) team_add_slave (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1219 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1977) ? __pfx_team_add_slave (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1972) do_set_master (net/core/rtnetlink.c:2917) do_setlink.isra.0 (net/core/rtnetlink.c:3117)

CVE-2025-21767. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clocksource: Use migrate_disable() to avoid calling get_random_u32() in atomic context The following bug report happened with a PREEMPT_RT kernel: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/spinlock_rt.c:48 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 2012, name: kwatchdog preempt_count: 1, expected: 0 RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0 get_random_u32+0x4f/0x110 clocksource_verify_choose_cpus+0xab/0x1a0 clocksource_verify_percpu.part.0+0x6b/0x330 clocksource_watchdog_kthread+0x193/0x1a0 It is due to the fact that clocksource_verify_choose_cpus() is invoked with preemption disabled. This function invokes get_random_u32() to obtain random numbers for choosing CPUs. The batched_entropy_32 local lock and/or the base_crng.lock spinlock in driver/char/random.c will be acquired during the call. In PREEMPT_RT kernel, they are both sleeping locks and so cannot be acquired in atomic context. Fix this problem by using migrate_disable() to allow smp_processor_id() to be reliably used without introducing atomic context. preempt_disable() is then called after clocksource_verify_choose_cpus() but before the clocksource measurement is being run to avoid introducing unexpected latency.

CVE-2025-21779. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Reject Hyper-V's SEND_IPI hypercalls if local APIC isn't in-kernel Advertise support for Hyper-V's SEND_IPI and SEND_IPI_EX hypercalls if and only if the local API is emulated/virtualized by KVM, and explicitly reject said hypercalls if the local APIC is emulated in userspace, i.e. don't rely on userspace to opt-in to KVM_CAP_HYPERV_ENFORCE_CPUID. Rejecting SEND_IPI and SEND_IPI_EX fixes a NULL-pointer dereference if Hyper-V enlightenments are exposed to the guest without an in-kernel local APIC: dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd __kasan_report.cold+0x34/0x84 kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 __apic_accept_irq+0x3a/0x5c0 kvm_hv_send_ipi.isra.0+0x34e/0x820 kvm_hv_hypercall+0x8d9/0x9d0 kvm_emulate_hypercall+0x506/0x7e0 __vmx_handle_exit+0x283/0xb60 vmx_handle_exit+0x1d/0xd0 vcpu_enter_guest+0x16b0/0x24c0 vcpu_run+0xc0/0x550 kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x170/0x6d0 kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x413/0xb20 __se_sys_ioctl+0x111/0x160 do_syscal1_64+0x30/0x40 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1 Note, checking the sending vCPU is sufficient, as the per-VM irqchip_mode can't be modified after vCPUs are created, i.e. if one vCPU has an in-kernel local APIC, then all vCPUs have an in-kernel local APIC.

CVE-2024-58079. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: uvcvideo: Fix crash during unbind if gpio unit is in use We used the wrong device for the device managed functions. We used the usb device, when we should be using the interface device. If we unbind the driver from the usb interface, the cleanup functions are never called. In our case, the IRQ is never disabled. If an IRQ is triggered, it will try to access memory sections that are already free, causing an OOPS. We cannot use the function devm_request_threaded_irq here. The devm_* clean functions may be called after the main structure is released by uvc_delete. Luckily this bug has small impact, as it is only affected by devices with gpio units and the user has to unbind the device, a disconnect will not trigger this error.

CVE-2024-36922. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: read txq->read_ptr under lock If we read txq->read_ptr without lock, we can read the same value twice, then obtain the lock, and reclaim from there to two different places, but crucially reclaim the same entry twice, resulting in the WARN_ONCE() a little later. Fix that by reading txq->read_ptr under lock.

CVE-2024-58061. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: prohibit deactivating all links In the internal API this calls this is a WARN_ON, but that should remain since internally we want to know about bugs that may cause this. Prevent deactivating all links in the debugfs write directly.

CVE-2025-21727. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: padata: fix UAF in padata_reorder A bug was found when run ltp test: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in padata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88bbfe003524 by task kworker/u113:2/3039206 CPU: 0 PID: 3039206 Comm: kworker/u113:2 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.6.0+ Workqueue: pdecrypt_parallel padata_parallel_worker Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x32/0x50 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6b/0x3d0 print_report+0xdd/0x2c0 kasan_report+0xa5/0xd0 padata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0 padata_reorder+0x131/0x220 padata_parallel_worker+0x3d/0xc0 process_one_work+0x2ec/0x5a0 If 'mdelay(10)' is added before calling 'padata_find_next' in the 'padata_reorder' function, this issue could be reproduced easily with ltp test (pcrypt_aead01). This can be explained as bellow: pcrypt_aead_encrypt ... padata_do_parallel refcount_inc(&pd->refcnt); // add refcnt ... padata_do_serial padata_reorder // pd while (1) { padata_find_next(pd, true); // using pd queue_work_on ... padata_serial_worker crypto_del_alg padata_put_pd_cnt // sub refcnt padata_free_shell padata_put_pd(ps->pd); // pd is freed // loop again, but pd is freed // call padata_find_next, UAF } In the padata_reorder function, when it loops in 'while', if the alg is deleted, the refcnt may be decreased to 0 before entering 'padata_find_next', which leads to UAF. As mentioned in [1], do_serial is supposed to be called with BHs disabled and always happen under RCU protection, to address this issue, add synchronize_rcu() in 'padata_free_shell' wait for all _do_serial calls to finish. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/jfjz5d7zwbytztackem7ibzalm5lnxldi2eofeiczqmqs2m7o6@fq426cwnjtkm/

CVE-2025-21760. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ndisc: extend RCU protection in ndisc_send_skb() ndisc_send_skb() can be called without RTNL or RCU held. Acquire rcu_read_lock() earlier, so that we can use dev_net_rcu() and avoid a potential UAF.

CVE-2024-58068. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: OPP: fix dev_pm_opp_find_bw_*() when bandwidth table not initialized If a driver calls dev_pm_opp_find_bw_ceil/floor() the retrieve bandwidth from the OPP table but the bandwidth table was not created because the interconnect properties were missing in the OPP consumer node, the kernel will crash with: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000004 ... pc : _read_bw+0x8/0x10 lr : _opp_table_find_key+0x9c/0x174 ... Call trace: _read_bw+0x8/0x10 (P) _opp_table_find_key+0x9c/0x174 (L) _find_key+0x98/0x168 dev_pm_opp_find_bw_ceil+0x50/0x88 ... In order to fix the crash, create an assert function to check if the bandwidth table was created before trying to get a bandwidth with _read_bw().

CVE-2025-21719. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries syzbot found that calling mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries would crash [1], because c->mfc_un.res.minvif / c->mfc_un.res.maxvif alias to "struct sk_buff_head unresolved", which contain two pointers. This code never worked, lets remove it. [1] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff5fff2d536613 KASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0xfffefff96a9b3098-0xfffefff96a9b309f] Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7321 Comm: syz.0.16 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-g1950a0af2d55 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 pstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline] pc : mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 lr : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:289 [inline] lr : mr_table_dump+0x694/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 Call trace: mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline] (P) mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 (P) mr_rtm_dumproute+0x254/0x454 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:382 ipmr_rtm_dumproute+0x248/0x4b4 net/ipv4/ipmr.c:2648 rtnl_dump_all+0x2e4/0x4e8 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4327 rtnl_dumpit+0x98/0x1d0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6791 netlink_dump+0x4f0/0xbc0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2317 netlink_recvmsg+0x56c/0xe64 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1973 sock_recvmsg_nosec net/socket.c:1033 [inline] sock_recvmsg net/socket.c:1055 [inline] sock_read_iter+0x2d8/0x40c net/socket.c:1125 new_sync_read fs/read_write.c:484 [inline] vfs_read+0x740/0x970 fs/read_write.c:565 ksys_read+0x15c/0x26c fs/read_write.c:708

CVE-2025-21806. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: let net.core.dev_weight always be non-zero The following problem was encountered during stability test: (NULL net_device): NAPI poll function process_backlog+0x0/0x530 \ returned 1, exceeding its budget of 0. ------------[ cut here ]------------ list_add double add: new=ffff88905f746f48, prev=ffff88905f746f48, \ next=ffff88905f746e40. WARNING: CPU: 18 PID: 5462 at lib/list_debug.c:35 \ __list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 CPU: 18 UID: 0 PID: 5462 Comm: ping Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7+ RIP: 0010:__list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 Call Trace: ? __warn+0xcd/0x250 ? __list_add_valid_or_report+0xf3/0x130 enqueue_to_backlog+0x923/0x1070 netif_rx_internal+0x92/0x2b0 __netif_rx+0x15/0x170 loopback_xmit+0x2ef/0x450 dev_hard_start_xmit+0x103/0x490 __dev_queue_xmit+0xeac/0x1950 ip_finish_output2+0x6cc/0x1620 ip_output+0x161/0x270 ip_push_pending_frames+0x155/0x1a0 raw_sendmsg+0xe13/0x1550 __sys_sendto+0x3bf/0x4e0 __x64_sys_sendto+0xdc/0x1b0 do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The reproduction command is as follows: sysctl -w net.core.dev_weight=0 ping 127.0.0.1 This is because when the napi's weight is set to 0, process_backlog() may return 0 and clear the NAPI_STATE_SCHED bit of napi->state, causing this napi to be re-polled in net_rx_action() until __do_softirq() times out. Since the NAPI_STATE_SCHED bit has been cleared, napi_schedule_rps() can be retriggered in enqueue_to_backlog(), causing this issue. Making the napi's weight always non-zero solves this problem. Triggering this issue requires system-wide admin (setting is not namespaced).

CVE-2025-21726. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: padata: avoid UAF for reorder_work Although the previous patch can avoid ps and ps UAF for _do_serial, it can not avoid potential UAF issue for reorder_work. This issue can happen just as below: crypto_request crypto_request crypto_del_alg padata_do_serial ... padata_reorder // processes all remaining // requests then breaks while (1) { if (!padata) break; ... } padata_do_serial // new request added list_add // sees the new request queue_work(reorder_work) padata_reorder queue_work_on(squeue->work) ... <kworker context> padata_serial_worker // completes new request, // no more outstanding // requests crypto_del_alg // free pd <kworker context> invoke_padata_reorder // UAF of pd To avoid UAF for 'reorder_work', get 'pd' ref before put 'reorder_work' into the 'serial_wq' and put 'pd' ref until the 'serial_wq' finish.

CVE-2025-21761. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: use RCU protection in ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info() ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info() can be called without RTNL or RCU. Use RCU protection and dev_net_rcu() to avoid potential UAF.

CVE-2025-21716. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: Fix uninit-value in vxlan_vnifilter_dump() KMSAN reported an uninit-value access in vxlan_vnifilter_dump() [1]. If the length of the netlink message payload is less than sizeof(struct tunnel_msg), vxlan_vnifilter_dump() accesses bytes beyond the message. This can lead to uninit-value access. Fix this by returning an error in such situations. [1] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in vxlan_vnifilter_dump+0x328/0x920 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_vnifilter.c:422 vxlan_vnifilter_dump+0x328/0x920 drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_vnifilter.c:422 rtnl_dumpit+0xd5/0x2f0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6786 netlink_dump+0x93e/0x15f0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2317 __netlink_dump_start+0x716/0xd60 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2432 netlink_dump_start include/linux/netlink.h:340 [inline] rtnetlink_dump_start net/core/rtnetlink.c:6815 [inline] rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x1256/0x14a0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6882 netlink_rcv_skb+0x467/0x660 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2542 rtnetlink_rcv+0x35/0x40 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6944 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1321 [inline] netlink_unicast+0xed6/0x1290 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1347 netlink_sendmsg+0x1092/0x1230 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1891 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x330/0x3d0 net/socket.c:726 ____sys_sendmsg+0x7f4/0xb50 net/socket.c:2583 ___sys_sendmsg+0x271/0x3b0 net/socket.c:2637 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2669 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2674 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2672 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x211/0x3e0 net/socket.c:2672 x64_sys_call+0x3878/0x3d90 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:47 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xd9/0x1d0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Uninit was created at: slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4110 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4153 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof+0x800/0xe80 mm/slub.c:4205 kmalloc_reserve+0x13b/0x4b0 net/core/skbuff.c:587 __alloc_skb+0x347/0x7d0 net/core/skbuff.c:678 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1323 [inline] netlink_alloc_large_skb+0xa5/0x280 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1196 netlink_sendmsg+0xac9/0x1230 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1866 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x330/0x3d0 net/socket.c:726 ____sys_sendmsg+0x7f4/0xb50 net/socket.c:2583 ___sys_sendmsg+0x271/0x3b0 net/socket.c:2637 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2669 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2674 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2672 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x211/0x3e0 net/socket.c:2672 x64_sys_call+0x3878/0x3d90 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:47 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xd9/0x1d0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 30991 Comm: syz.4.10630 Not tainted 6.12.0-10694-gc44daa7e3c73 #29 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014

CVE-2025-40135. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: use RCU in ip6_xmit() Use RCU in ip6_xmit() in order to use dst_dev_rcu() to prevent possible UAF.

CVE-2024-40945. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu: Return right value in iommu_sva_bind_device() iommu_sva_bind_device() should return either a sva bond handle or an ERR_PTR value in error cases. Existing drivers (idxd and uacce) only check the return value with IS_ERR(). This could potentially lead to a kernel NULL pointer dereference issue if the function returns NULL instead of an error pointer. In reality, this doesn't cause any problems because iommu_sva_bind_device() only returns NULL when the kernel is not configured with CONFIG_IOMMU_SVA. In this case, iommu_dev_enable_feature(dev, IOMMU_DEV_FEAT_SVA) will return an error, and the device drivers won't call iommu_sva_bind_device() at all.

CVE-2025-21731. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nbd: don't allow reconnect after disconnect Following process can cause nbd_config UAF: 1) grab nbd_config temporarily; 2) nbd_genl_disconnect() flush all recv_work() and release the initial reference: nbd_genl_disconnect nbd_disconnect_and_put nbd_disconnect flush_workqueue(nbd->recv_workq) if (test_and_clear_bit(NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF, ...)) nbd_config_put -> due to step 1), reference is still not zero 3) nbd_genl_reconfigure() queue recv_work() again; nbd_genl_reconfigure config = nbd_get_config_unlocked(nbd) if (!config) -> succeed if (!test_bit(NBD_RT_BOUND, ...)) -> succeed nbd_reconnect_socket queue_work(nbd->recv_workq, &args->work) 4) step 1) release the reference; 5) Finially, recv_work() will trigger UAF: recv_work nbd_config_put(nbd) -> nbd_config is freed atomic_dec(&config->recv_threads) -> UAF Fix the problem by clearing NBD_RT_BOUND in nbd_genl_disconnect(), so that nbd_genl_reconfigure() will fail.

CVE-2025-21776. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: hub: Ignore non-compliant devices with too many configs or interfaces Robert Morris created a test program which can cause usb_hub_to_struct_hub() to dereference a NULL or inappropriate pointer: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xcccccccccccccccc: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC PTI CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 117 Comm: kworker/7:1 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-00017-gf44d154d6e3d #14 Hardware name: FreeBSD BHYVE/BHYVE, BIOS 14.0 10/17/2021 Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event RIP: 0010:usb_hub_adjust_deviceremovable+0x78/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> ? die_addr+0x31/0x80 ? exc_general_protection+0x1b4/0x3c0 ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30 ? usb_hub_adjust_deviceremovable+0x78/0x110 hub_probe+0x7c7/0xab0 usb_probe_interface+0x14b/0x350 really_probe+0xd0/0x2d0 ? __pfx___device_attach_driver+0x10/0x10 __driver_probe_device+0x6e/0x110 driver_probe_device+0x1a/0x90 __device_attach_driver+0x7e/0xc0 bus_for_each_drv+0x7f/0xd0 __device_attach+0xaa/0x1a0 bus_probe_device+0x8b/0xa0 device_add+0x62e/0x810 usb_set_configuration+0x65d/0x990 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x4b/0x70 usb_probe_device+0x36/0xd0 The cause of this error is that the device has two interfaces, and the hub driver binds to interface 1 instead of interface 0, which is where usb_hub_to_struct_hub() looks. We can prevent the problem from occurring by refusing to accept hub devices that violate the USB spec by having more than one configuration or interface.

CVE-2024-58014. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmsmac: add gain range check to wlc_phy_iqcal_gainparams_nphy() In 'wlc_phy_iqcal_gainparams_nphy()', add gain range check to WARN() instead of possible out-of-bounds 'tbl_iqcal_gainparams_nphy' access. Compile tested only. Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.

CVE-2025-21787. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: team: better TEAM_OPTION_TYPE_STRING validation syzbot reported following splat [1] Make sure user-provided data contains one nul byte. [1] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in string_nocheck lib/vsprintf.c:633 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in string+0x3ec/0x5f0 lib/vsprintf.c:714 string_nocheck lib/vsprintf.c:633 [inline] string+0x3ec/0x5f0 lib/vsprintf.c:714 vsnprintf+0xa5d/0x1960 lib/vsprintf.c:2843 __request_module+0x252/0x9f0 kernel/module/kmod.c:149 team_mode_get drivers/net/team/team_core.c:480 [inline] team_change_mode drivers/net/team/team_core.c:607 [inline] team_mode_option_set+0x437/0x970 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1401 team_option_set drivers/net/team/team_core.c:375 [inline] team_nl_options_set_doit+0x1339/0x1f90 drivers/net/team/team_core.c:2662 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit net/netlink/genetlink.c:1115 [inline] genl_family_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:1195 [inline] genl_rcv_msg+0x1214/0x12c0 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1210 netlink_rcv_skb+0x375/0x650 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2543 genl_rcv+0x40/0x60 net/netlink/genetlink.c:1219 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1322 [inline] netlink_unicast+0xf52/0x1260 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1348 netlink_sendmsg+0x10da/0x11e0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1892 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:733 ____sys_sendmsg+0x877/0xb60 net/socket.c:2573 ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2627 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2659 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2664 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2662 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x212/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2662 x64_sys_call+0x2ed6/0x3c30 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:47 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

CVE-2025-21791. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out() l3mdev_l3_out() can be called without RCU being held: raw_sendmsg() ip_push_pending_frames() ip_send_skb() ip_local_out() __ip_local_out() l3mdev_ip_out() Add rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock() pair to avoid a potential UAF.

CVE-2024-53166. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block, bfq: fix bfqq uaf in bfq_limit_depth() Set new allocated bfqq to bic or remove freed bfqq from bic are both protected by bfqd->lock, however bfq_limit_depth() is deferencing bfqq from bic without the lock, this can lead to UAF if the io_context is shared by multiple tasks. For example, test bfq with io_uring can trigger following UAF in v6.6: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bfqq_group+0x15/0x50 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x47/0x80 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x66/0x300 print_report+0x3e/0x70 kasan_report+0xb4/0xf0 bfqq_group+0x15/0x50 bfqq_request_over_limit+0x130/0x9a0 bfq_limit_depth+0x1b5/0x480 __blk_mq_alloc_requests+0x2b5/0xa00 blk_mq_get_new_requests+0x11d/0x1d0 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x286/0xb00 submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x331/0x400 __block_write_full_folio+0x3d0/0x640 writepage_cb+0x3b/0xc0 write_cache_pages+0x254/0x6c0 write_cache_pages+0x254/0x6c0 do_writepages+0x192/0x310 filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x95/0xc0 __filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x99/0xd0 filemap_write_and_wait_range.part.0+0x4d/0xa0 blkdev_read_iter+0xef/0x1e0 io_read+0x1b6/0x8a0 io_issue_sqe+0x87/0x300 io_wq_submit_work+0xeb/0x390 io_worker_handle_work+0x24d/0x550 io_wq_worker+0x27f/0x6c0 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30 </TASK> Allocated by task 808602: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_set_track+0x21/0x30 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x83/0x90 kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1b1/0x6d0 bfq_get_queue+0x138/0xfa0 bfq_get_bfqq_handle_split+0xe3/0x2c0 bfq_init_rq+0x196/0xbb0 bfq_insert_request.isra.0+0xb5/0x480 bfq_insert_requests+0x156/0x180 blk_mq_insert_request+0x15d/0x440 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x8a4/0xb00 submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x331/0x400 __blkdev_direct_IO_async+0x2dd/0x330 blkdev_write_iter+0x39a/0x450 io_write+0x22a/0x840 io_issue_sqe+0x87/0x300 io_wq_submit_work+0xeb/0x390 io_worker_handle_work+0x24d/0x550 io_wq_worker+0x27f/0x6c0 ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30 Freed by task 808589: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_set_track+0x21/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x27/0x40 __kasan_slab_free+0x126/0x1b0 kmem_cache_free+0x10c/0x750 bfq_put_queue+0x2dd/0x770 __bfq_insert_request.isra.0+0x155/0x7a0 bfq_insert_request.isra.0+0x122/0x480 bfq_insert_requests+0x156/0x180 blk_mq_dispatch_plug_list+0x528/0x7e0 blk_mq_flush_plug_list.part.0+0xe5/0x590 __blk_flush_plug+0x3b/0x90 blk_finish_plug+0x40/0x60 do_writepages+0x19d/0x310 filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x95/0xc0 __filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x99/0xd0 filemap_write_and_wait_range.part.0+0x4d/0xa0 blkdev_read_iter+0xef/0x1e0 io_read+0x1b6/0x8a0 io_issue_sqe+0x87/0x300 io_wq_submit_work+0xeb/0x390 io_worker_handle_work+0x24d/0x550 io_wq_worker+0x27f/0x6c0 ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30 Fix the problem by protecting bic_to_bfqq() with bfqd->lock.

CVE-2024-57980. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: uvcvideo: Fix double free in error path If the uvc_status_init() function fails to allocate the int_urb, it will free the dev->status pointer but doesn't reset the pointer to NULL. This results in the kfree() call in uvc_status_cleanup() trying to double-free the memory. Fix it by resetting the dev->status pointer to NULL after freeing it. Reviewed by: Ricardo Ribalda <[email protected]>

CVE-2025-21707. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: consolidate suboption status MPTCP maintains the received sub-options status is the bitmask carrying the received suboptions and in several bitfields carrying per suboption additional info. Zeroing the bitmask before parsing is not enough to ensure a consistent status, and the MPTCP code has to additionally clear some bitfiled depending on the actually parsed suboption. The above schema is fragile, and syzbot managed to trigger a path where a relevant bitfield is not cleared/initialized: BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in __mptcp_expand_seq net/mptcp/options.c:1030 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in mptcp_expand_seq net/mptcp/protocol.h:864 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in ack_update_msk net/mptcp/options.c:1060 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in mptcp_incoming_options+0x2036/0x3d30 net/mptcp/options.c:1209 __mptcp_expand_seq net/mptcp/options.c:1030 [inline] mptcp_expand_seq net/mptcp/protocol.h:864 [inline] ack_update_msk net/mptcp/options.c:1060 [inline] mptcp_incoming_options+0x2036/0x3d30 net/mptcp/options.c:1209 tcp_data_queue+0xb4/0x7be0 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:5233 tcp_rcv_established+0x1061/0x2510 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:6264 tcp_v4_do_rcv+0x7f3/0x11a0 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:1916 tcp_v4_rcv+0x51df/0x5750 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:2351 ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x2a3/0x13d0 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:205 ip_local_deliver_finish+0x336/0x500 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:233 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:314 [inline] ip_local_deliver+0x21f/0x490 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:254 dst_input include/net/dst.h:460 [inline] ip_rcv_finish+0x4a2/0x520 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:447 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:314 [inline] ip_rcv+0xcd/0x380 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:567 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:5704 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x319/0xa00 net/core/dev.c:5817 process_backlog+0x4ad/0xa50 net/core/dev.c:6149 __napi_poll+0xe7/0x980 net/core/dev.c:6902 napi_poll net/core/dev.c:6971 [inline] net_rx_action+0xa5a/0x19b0 net/core/dev.c:7093 handle_softirqs+0x1a0/0x7c0 kernel/softirq.c:561 __do_softirq+0x14/0x1a kernel/softirq.c:595 do_softirq+0x9a/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:462 __local_bh_enable_ip+0x9f/0xb0 kernel/softirq.c:389 local_bh_enable include/linux/bottom_half.h:33 [inline] rcu_read_unlock_bh include/linux/rcupdate.h:919 [inline] __dev_queue_xmit+0x2758/0x57d0 net/core/dev.c:4493 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3168 [inline] neigh_hh_output include/net/neighbour.h:523 [inline] neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:537 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0x187c/0x1b70 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:236 __ip_finish_output+0x287/0x810 ip_finish_output+0x4b/0x600 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:324 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:303 [inline] ip_output+0x15f/0x3f0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:434 dst_output include/net/dst.h:450 [inline] ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:130 [inline] __ip_queue_xmit+0x1f2a/0x20d0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:536 ip_queue_xmit+0x60/0x80 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:550 __tcp_transmit_skb+0x3cea/0x4900 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1468 tcp_transmit_skb net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1486 [inline] tcp_write_xmit+0x3b90/0x9070 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:2829 __tcp_push_pending_frames+0xc4/0x380 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3012 tcp_send_fin+0x9f6/0xf50 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3618 __tcp_close+0x140c/0x1550 net/ipv4/tcp.c:3130 __mptcp_close_ssk+0x74e/0x16f0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2496 mptcp_close_ssk+0x26b/0x2c0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2550 mptcp_pm_nl_rm_addr_or_subflow+0x635/0xd10 net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:889 mptcp_pm_nl_rm_subflow_received net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:924 [inline] mptcp_pm_flush_addrs_and_subflows net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1688 [inline] mptcp_nl_flush_addrs_list net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1709 [inline] mptcp_pm_nl_flush_addrs_doit+0xe10/0x1630 net/mptcp/pm_netlink.c:1750 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit net/netlink/genetlink.c:1115 [inline] ---truncated---

CVE-2025-21795. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: fix hang in nfsd4_shutdown_callback If nfs4_client is in courtesy state then there is no point to send the callback. This causes nfsd4_shutdown_callback to hang since cl_cb_inflight is not 0. This hang lasts about 15 minutes until TCP notifies NFSD that the connection was dropped. This patch modifies nfsd4_run_cb_work to skip the RPC call if nfs4_client is in courtesy state.

CVE-2025-21859. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: gadget: f_midi: f_midi_complete to call queue_work When using USB MIDI, a lock is attempted to be acquired twice through a re-entrant call to f_midi_transmit, causing a deadlock. Fix it by using queue_work() to schedule the inner f_midi_transmit() via a high priority work queue from the completion handler.