From Sept. 18 to 20, Russia held its first State Duma elections since the start of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The official results — nearly 58% in favor of the Kremlin’s ruling United Russia party — appear to have been inflated by upwards of 23%. Over Vladimir Putin’s 26 years in power, the country’s electoral system has evolved from one that was at least somewhat competitive into one that is tightly controlled. At first glance, it might seem like a government this authoritarian would be able to dispense with elections entirely, simply appointing officials directly rather than putting them through an electoral process that is almost entirely manipulated. Yet Putin’s Russia, like most autocracies, prefers to preserve elections as an instrument of political legitimization. Elections allow governments — even authoritarian ones — to safely co-opt opponents and refresh its cadre of elites, reducing the likelihood of internal conflict while gathering information about officials’ performance and the strength of potential rivals. Russia’s electoral system, however, has now reached such a high level of restriction that these stabilizing functions are becoming less effective. Voting is ceasing to serve as a feedback channel and instead risks becoming a problem for the system itself.